State v. Roeschen ( 2021 )

NOTICE: NOT FOR OFFICIAL PUBLICATION.
UNDER ARIZONA RULE OF THE SUPREME COURT 111(c), THIS DECISION IS NOT PRECEDENTIAL
AND MAY BE CITED ONLY AS AUTHORIZED BY RULE.
IN THE
ARIZONA COURT OF APPEALS
DIVISION ONE
STATE OF ARIZONA, Appellee,
v.
KIM RENE ROESCHEN, Appellant.
No. 1 CA-CR 20-0288
FILED 4-13-2021
Appeal from the Superior Court in Maricopa County
No. CR2017-148265-001
The Honorable Timothy J. Ryan, Judge
AFFIRMED
COUNSEL
Arizona Attorney General's Office, Phoenix
By Gracynthia Claw
Counsel for Appellee
The Stavris Law Firm PLLC, Scottsdale
By Alison Stavris
Counsel for Appellant
STATE v. ROESCHEN
Decision of the Court
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Judge James B. Morse Jr. delivered the decision of the Court, in which
Presiding Judge D. Steven Williams and Judge Jennifer B. Campbell joined.
M O R S E, Judge:
¶1 Kim Rene Roeschen appeals her convictions and sentences for
attempted theft of means of transportation and third-degree burglary. For
the following reasons, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
¶2 In October 2017, Roeschen broke into M.M.'s car and set off
the car's alarm.1 Roeschen pulled off the steering panel, searched the center
console, took M.M.'s vehicle registration card, and placed it in her purse.
Roeschen then left the vehicle and police officers apprehended her at a
nearby bus stop.
¶3 The State charged Roeschen with one count of attempted theft
of means of transportation and one count of third-degree burglary. The
State also charged Roeschen with one count of forgery in an unrelated case
("forgery case"). In both cases, the State alleged that Roeschen had at least
six prior felony convictions, exposing her to the category three repetitive
offender sentencing range. See A.R.S. § 13-703(C), (J).
¶4 Before trial, Roeschen rejected the State's global plea offer in
both cases. In a detailed plea advisement, the State informed Roeschen of
her sentencing exposure. See State v. Donald, 198 Ariz. 406, 413, ¶ 14 (App.
2000). Roeschen did not challenge the State's recitation of her criminal
history and avowed that she understood the State's plea offer.
¶5 At trial, M.M. testified that she left work, walked to her car in
the employee parking lot, and saw her vehicle's lights flashing and the
driver-side door open. M.M. also saw someone inside of her car and
notified a security guard. M.M. confirmed that she did not know Roeschen
and did not give her permission to enter the vehicle.
1 We use initials to protect the victim's privacy. See Ariz. R. Sup. Ct.
111(i); State v. Maldonado, 206 Ariz. 339, 341, ¶ 2 n.1 (App. 2003).
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STATE v. ROESCHEN
Decision of the Court
¶6 The security guard testified that he saw Roeschen rummaging
around inside M.M.'s car. When the guard confronted her, Roeschen told
the guard that it was her car. At this point, the guard and M.M. contacted
the police. Roeschen briefly paced behind the car before leaving the
parking lot on foot. The guard saw Roeschen leave a key near the driver's
seat.
¶7 Police officers located Roeschen at a nearby bus stop. Without
provocation, Roeschen told the officers, "that was my car." Officers
transported Roeschen back to the parking lot, where M.M. and the security
guard identified her as the perpetrator. Roeschen continued to claim that
she recently purchased the vehicle and happened upon it in the parking lot.
Roeschen admitted she removed the steering panel to deactivate the alarm.
Though Roeschen said she could not be sure, she admitted to leaving a key
inside M.M.'s car. Roeschen claimed that she thought she "had paid for
[the] car" but acknowledged she did not have title to the car.
¶8 Officers testified that they located Roeschen's key in M.M.'s
vehicle and recognized it as a "jiggle key," commonly used in vehicle theft
to attempt to unlock and operate any vehicle. The officers also testified
about the damage to M.M.'s steering panel, and said it was consistent with
a thief attempting to deactivate the alarm or start the vehicle. In a search
incident to arrest, officers found over twenty "jiggle keys," a "lock pick set,"
and M.M.'s vehicle registration card in Roeschen's purse.
¶9 Roeschen moved for a judgment of acquittal under
Arizona Rule of Criminal Procedure ("Rule") 20. The superior court
denied the motion. Roeschen did not testify at trial. The jury convicted
Roeschen as charged and found aggravating factors applied.
¶10 Roeschen subsequently entered a plea agreement in her
forgery case. As a term of the plea agreement, Roeschen admitted having
at least two historical prior felony convictions. At the change-of-plea
hearing, Roeschen avowed that she voluntarily and intelligently accepted
the terms of the plea agreement.
¶11 The parties received a presentence investigation report
detailing Roeschen's prior felony convictions. Acknowledging her criminal
history, Roeschen requested the superior court impose the minimum terms
permitted under the category three repetitive offender sentencing range.
See A.R.S. § 13-703(C), (J). The court found the State properly accounted for
Roeschen's prior felony convictions and sentenced her to minimum,
concurrent terms of eight years' imprisonment.
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STATE v. ROESCHEN
Decision of the Court
¶12 We have jurisdiction over Roeschen's timely appeal under
Article 6, Section 9, of the Arizona Constitution and A.R.S. §§ 12-
120.21(A)(1), 13-4031, and -4033(A)(1).
DISCUSSION
A. Sufficiency of the Evidence.
¶13 Roeschen claims the State failed to present sufficient evidence
to support her convictions, arguing the superior court erred by denying her
motion for a judgment of acquittal. We review the sufficiency of the
evidence de novo, considering all facts and resolving all evidentiary
conflicts in the light most favorable to sustaining the convictions. See State
v. West, 226 Ariz. 559, 562, ¶ 15 (2011).
¶14 We will reverse a conviction for insufficient evidence only if
no "substantial evidence exists to support the jury verdict." State v. Stroud,
209 Ariz. 410, 411, ¶ 6 (2005). Substantial evidence is "such proof that
reasonable persons could accept as adequate and sufficient to support a
conclusion of defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt." West, 226 Ariz.
at 562, ¶ 16 (citation omitted). The critical inquiry is whether "any rational
trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a
reasonable doubt." Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 (1979). This inquiry
does not permit the reviewing court to reweigh conflicting evidence or
assess witness credibility. See State v. Buccheri-Bianca, 233 Ariz. 324, 334, ¶
38 (App. 2013).
¶15 To secure a conviction for attempted theft of means of
transportation, the State was required to prove Roeschen engaged in
intentional conduct designed to control M.M.'s vehicle, knowing or having
reason to know that the vehicle was stolen. See A.R.S. §§ 13-1001(A)(1)-(2),
-1814(A)(5). To secure a conviction for third-degree burglary, the State was
required to prove Roeschen entered M.M.'s vehicle with the intent to
commit any theft or felony in that vehicle. See A.R.S. § 13-1501(10), (12), -
1506(A)(1).
¶16 The State presented substantial evidence that Roeschen: (1)
entered a vehicle using a "jiggle key" without the owner's permission; (2)
removed the steering panel to deactivate the alarm; (3) placed the owner's
vehicle registration card in her purse; (4) left the vehicle only when
confronted by witnesses; (5) provided unsatisfactory explanations for her
conduct; and (6) possessed various items consistent with vehicle theft.
Based on these facts, the jury could have inferred Roeschen's intent to
commit the charged offenses. See A.R.S. § 13-2305(1); see also A.R.S. § 13-
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STATE v. ROESCHEN
Decision of the Court
1814(B) (adopting permissible inference from § 13-2305(1)); State v. Noriega,
187 Ariz. 282, 286 (App. 1996) ("[T]he defendant's mental state will rarely
be provable by direct evidence and the jury will usually have to infer it from
his behaviors and other circumstances surrounding the event.").
¶17 Viewed in the light most favorable to sustaining the
convictions, the evidence was sufficient for a rational jury to conclude that
Roeschen committed attempted theft of means of transportation and third-
degree burglary. The superior court properly denied Roeschen's Rule 20
motion.
B. Admission of Prior Felony Convictions.
¶18 Roeschen argues the superior court erred in failing to conduct
a Rule 17.6 colloquy when it accepted her admission of two prior felony
convictions. Roeschen raises this issue for the first time on appeal. We
review only for fundamental, prejudicial error. See State v. Escalante, 245
Ariz. 135, 138, 142, ¶¶ 1, 21 (2018).
¶19 Under Rule 17.6, the superior court may "accept the
defendant's admission to an allegation of a prior conviction only under the
procedures of this rule." In the absence of an admission at trial, the court
must inform the defendant of the right to a trial on prior felony convictions
and the consequences of waiving that right. See Ariz. R. Crim. P. 17.2(a).
Before accepting an admission, the court must address the defendant on the
record to confirm that she "wishes to forego the constitutional rights of
which the defendant has been advised" and her admission is "voluntary and
not the result of force, threats or promises." Ariz. R. Crim. P. 17.3(a). This
colloquy "serves to ensure that a defendant voluntarily and intelligently
waives the right to a trial on the issue of the prior conviction." State v.
Morales, 215 Ariz. 59, 62, ¶ 11 (2007).
¶20 Although the superior court provided a colloquy for the plea
agreement in the forgery case, the court failed to conduct a separate Rule
17.6 colloquy before accepting Roeschen's admission of prior felony
convictions.2 See Ariz. R. Crim. P. 17.6. The court's failure to provide the
required colloquy constitutes fundamental error "because a defendant's
waiver of constitutional rights must be voluntary and intelligent." Morales,
215 Ariz. at 61, ¶ 10. To prevail on this issue, however, Roeschen must
2 The court sentenced Roeschen in both this case and the forgery case
during the same proceeding.
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STATE v. ROESCHEN
Decision of the Court
demonstrate the error resulted in prejudice. See Escalante, 245 Ariz. at 142,
¶ 21.
¶21 In order to merit relief under fundamental-error review, a
defendant must demonstrate that (i) she would not have admitted her prior
felony convictions had the Rule 17.6 colloquy been given, and (ii) the record
does not contain conclusive proof of the convictions. Morales, 215 Ariz. at
62, ¶¶ 11-13. Roeschen fails under both prongs. At multiple stages, the
parties advised Roeschen of the State's allegation of her prior felony
convictions and the associated sentencing ramifications. Roeschen
voluntarily and intelligently entered a plea agreement in which she
admitted to two prior felony convictions, and she acknowledged her
"lengthy criminal history" at sentencing. Roeschen has failed to
demonstrate that she would not have admitted to her prior felony
convictions had the superior court provided a Rule 17.6 colloquy.
¶22 Moreover, evidence from the record conclusively proves the
prior felony convictions. See id. at 62, ¶ 13 (stating that resentencing was
unwarranted when prior conviction documents were admitted during a
pretrial hearing and no one has challenged the authenticity of those
documents). In addition to her admissions in the forgery case, the record
contains an uncontested presentence investigation report listing Roeschen's
prior felony convictions. A presentence investigation report "to which the
defendant stipulated without the benefit of a Rule 17.6 colloquy
conclusively precludes prejudice . . . ." State v. Gonzales, 233 Ariz. 455, 458,
¶ 11 (App. 2013). Roeschen never denied the existence of prior felony
convictions, nor did she challenge the accuracy of the convictions detailed
in the presentence investigation report. Thus, evidence from the record
conclusively proves Roeschen had at least two historical prior felony
convictions, precluding relief.
¶23 The superior court's failure to conduct the required Rule 17.6
colloquy did not result in prejudice. Roeschen is not entitled to
resentencing.
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STATE v. ROESCHEN
Decision of the Court
CONCLUSION
¶24 We affirm Roeschen's convictions and sentences.
AMY M. WOOD • Clerk of the Court
FILED: AA
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