FILED
NOV 12 2019
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
SUSAN M. SPRAUL, CLERK
U.S. BKCY. APP. PANEL
OF THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY APPELLATE PANEL
OF THE NINTH CIRCUIT
In re: BAP No. CC-19-1023-STaL
SHMUEL ERDE, Bk. No. 2:18-bk-20200-VZ
Debtor.
SHMUEL ERDE,
Appellant,
v. MEMORANDUM*
THEODOR NICKOLAS BODNAR;
MARY LOUISA BODNAR; THE
BODNAR FAMILY TRUST,
Appellees.
Argued and Submitted on October 24, 2019
at Pasadena, California
Filed – November 12, 2019
Appeal from the United States Bankruptcy Court
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication. Although it may be cited for
whatever persuasive value it may have, see Fed. R. App. P. 32.1, it has no precedential
value. See 9th Cir. BAP Rule 8024-1.
for the Central District of California
Honorable Vincent Zurzolo, Bankruptcy Judge, Presiding
Appearances: Appellant Shmuel Erde argued pro se.**
Before: SPRAKER, TAYLOR, and LAFFERTY, Bankruptcy Judges.
Appellant Shmuel Erde, chapter 111 debtor, has spent the better part
of the past two decades seeking redress for losses tracing back to the failure
of a partnership in 1984. In this installment, he asserts that the bankruptcy
court erred when it denied his motion to vacate the dismissal of the
partnership’s bankruptcy case. Erde also sought to consolidate the assets of
the 1984 bankruptcy estate with his 2018 personal bankruptcy estate so that
they could be jointly administered.
We have jurisdiction under
28 U.S.C. § 158. We review the denial of
Erde’s Civil Rule 60(b) motion for an abuse of discretion. Zurich Am. Ins.
Co. v. Int'l Fibercom, Inc. (In re Int'l Fibercom, Inc.),
503 F.3d 933, 939 (9th Cir.
2007).
**
None of the named appellees actively participated in this appeal. Nor did they
file a response to the motion from which this appeal arises.
1
Unless specified otherwise, all chapter and section references are to the
Bankruptcy Code,
11 U.S.C. §§ 101-1532, and all “Rule” references are to the Federal
Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure. All “Civil Rule” references are to the Federal Rules of
Civil Procedure.
2
Erde’s saga began in 1983, when he formed a partnership with
Theodor Nickolas Bodnar to redevelop an apartment building in Los
Angeles. Each held their 50% partnership interest through a wholly owned
corporation. In 1984, when the partnership’s real estate redevelopment
project failed, the partnership was put into and shortly thereafter dismissed
from bankruptcy allegedly without notice to Erde. As a result of these
events, Erde lost virtually everything.
Roughly 15 years later, beginning in 2001, Erde commenced a
litigation campaign seeking to undo the loss of the partnership property
and seeking damages from Bodnar and others. Towards these ends, Erde
has filed at least six lawsuits in state and federal court, multiple bankruptcy
cases, and at least nineteen adversary proceedings in the bankruptcy court.
He has collected some money in two settlements but otherwise has been
completely unsuccessful. All of his lawsuits have been dismissed with
prejudice. Undaunted, he also filed numerous motions for post-judgment
relief which similarly were denied. His appeals in these actions have failed.
He has been declared a vexatious litigant in state court, in federal district
court, and in the bankruptcy court.2
In this appeal, Erde contends that the bankruptcy court should have
vacated the dismissal of the 1984 partnership case under Civil Rule
2
For a comprehensive history of Erde’s litigation, see Erde v. Dye (In re Erde), BAP
No. CC-18-1321-FLS,
2019 WL 2399708 (9th Cir. BAP June 6, 2019).
3
60(b)(4). He maintains that the 1984 case dismissal order violated his due
process rights because he was not served with notice of the motion to
dismiss or the dismissal order. He argues that, as a result, the 1984
dismissal order must be declared void, and all of the partnership rights and
assets that existed as of 1984 restored.3
The enforcement of procedural due process rights never was meant
to work like this. Erde has not invoked due process to address alleged
harm resulting from defective notice surrounding the 1984 bankruptcy
case. Instead, Erde seeks to evade the consequences of nearly twenty years
of unsuccessful litigation. Erde’s due process claim regarding the dismissal
of a bankruptcy case 35 years ago is not a time machine enabling him to
return back to 1984.
Erde’s due process claim is an impermissible collateral attack. See
Alakozai v. Citizens Equity First Credit Union (In re Alakozai),
499 B.R. 698, 704
(9th Cir. BAP 2013); Woods & Erickson, LLP v. Leonard (In re AVI, Inc.),
389
B.R. 721, 731 (9th Cir. BAP 2008); see also Valley Nat'l Bank of Ariz. v. Needler
(In re Grantham Bros.),
922 F.2d 1438, 1442 (9th Cir. 1991) (rejecting as
frivolous appellant's attempted collateral attack on bankruptcy court’s
3
The apartment building the partnership sought to redevelop was foremost
among the former partnership assets Erde sought to restore. But Erde and the prior
state and federal decisions note that the building was “lost” shortly after the
partnership’s redevelopment project failed, presumably to foreclosure. Erde’s papers
never explained how he expected the bankruptcy court to unwind the effects of a
foreclosure that occurred over thirty years ago.
4
final, non-appealable sale order). In 2012, Erde moved to reopen the 1984
case. He filed his motion to reopen so partnership assets could be
administered by the bankruptcy court, even though those same assets had
been the subject of Erde’s litigation over the preceding ten years. Erde
argued in 2012 that the 1984 bankruptcy case had to be reopened and the
assets restored because he was deprived of notice. This is exactly the same
basis he now offers in his 2018 motion to vacate the 1984 case dismissal.
In 2012, the bankruptcy court denied the motion to reopen and
rejected Erde’s alleged lack of notice. The court specifically found that: “I
believe you knew very well, Mr. Erde, that it was dismissed.” Hr’g Tr.
(Dec. 12, 2012) at 6:13-14. Erde did not appeal this ruling. Having
unsuccessfully asserted lack of notice in his 2012 attempt to reopen the 1984
case, Erde cannot collaterally attack that final decision.
Even if we were to reach the merits of Erde’s due process claim, we
would reject it. A claimant asserting a due process violation must establish
that he or she was prejudiced by the defective notice. See Rosson v.
Fitzgerald (In re Rosson),
545 F.3d 764, 776 (9th Cir. 2008). Erde entirely has
failed to explain how – or why – he would have prevented the 1984 case
dismissal if he had been notified in time to oppose it, or how it harmed
him. Indeed, the record demonstrates that Erde was far more upset by his
failure to receive notice of the filing of the 1984 case. Erde has argued that
it was the case filing that ended any hope of refinancing the partnership’s
5
redevelopment project and that this inability to refinance directly led to his
personal financial collapse. In contrast, upon the dismissal of the 1984 case,
Erde and all other interested parties were returned as much as possible to
the same respective positions they enjoyed with respect to the partnership’s
rights and liabilities as they existed immediately before the 1984 case was
filed. See § 349.
The bankruptcy court appropriately denied Erde’s motion to vacate
the 1984 case dismissal. As a result, there was no partnership estate to
jointly administer with Erde’s personal bankruptcy estate. Thus, the
bankruptcy court also correctly denied Erde’s consolidation request.
Accordingly, we AFFIRM.
6
