Lee v. State , 69 Fla. 255 ( 1915 )

Cockrell, J.

The plaintiff in error was convicted of murder in the first degree, and there being a recommendation to mercy, he was sentenced to life imprisonment.

We might refuse to entertain any of the assignments of error, by reason of the very great irregularity-'in the settlement of the bill of exceptions upon which all the assignments of error are based, but the State has declined to take advantage of the irregularity, and the bill was actually signed by the Circuit Judge who tried the case.

A few hours after the homicide, this accused was taken to the scene. The officer in charge testified to the similarity of the tracks made by Lee, with those plainly marked in soft sand going from the scene. The accused at the officer’s suggestion took off a shoe, and the officer testified that it fitted the track exactly. This testimony was objected to upon the sole ground that-he could not testify as to how that track is compared with Jim Lee’s, which was merely repeating that he objected'. ' No objec tion was then urged as' to "the officer'not warning the defendant as to his right to decline incriminating evh dénce, and 'it .would' appear to have been entirely voluntary. After ’ the whole matter had been thoroughly thrashed out there was a motion interposed to strike all the evidence in regard to placing the shoes in the tracks on the ground of compulsion. We think the motion was ¡properly refused as being not timely made, and further that even though the act of handing over the shoe be considered as constructively compulsion, yet the evidence was competent. See Dickens v. State, 50 Fla. 17, 38 South. Rep. 909; Moss v. State, 146 Ala. *686, 40 South, Rep. 340; State v. Fuller, 34 Mont. 12, 85 Pac. Rep. 369, 8 L. R. A. (N. S.) 762; Myers v. State, 97 Ga. 76, 25 S. E. Rep. 252; State v. Arthur, 129 Iowa, 235, 105 N. W. Rep. 422; Krens v. State, 75 Neb. 294, 106 N. W. Rep. 27; People v. Van Wormer, 175 N. Y. 188, 67 N. E. Rep. 299; State v. Graham,. 74 N. C. 646; State v. Sanders, 75 S. C. 409, 56 S. E. Rep. 35 ; Walker v. State, 7 Tex. Ct. App. 245, 32 Am. Rep. 595; Thornton v. State, 117 Wis. 338, 93 N. W. Rep. 1107 ; 4 Wigmore on Ev., Section 2265; 2 Wharton’s Crim. Ev., Section 965. This' is not a case where an inference is sought to he drawn from a refusal to permit the use'of a shoe, or to make a track.

There was a single exception to the refusal to give three instructions requested by the accused. Error is assigned as. to two. of them.only, a-tacit admission that one was properly refused. One of them is clearly: argumentative, and the others sufficiently covered by the court’s general charge.

Great stress is laid upon the alleged insufficiency of the evidence to identify the accused with the commission of the homicide. We think, however, that the State made out a plain case, while the jury was amply justified in declining to accept the defense of an alibi.

Judgment affirmed.

Taylor, C. J., and Shackleford, Whitfield and Ellis, JJ., concur.