United States v. McKinney , 354 F. App'x 340 ( 2009 )

FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
December 1, 2009
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
TENTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee, No. 09-5111
v. (N.D. Oklahoma)
ALPHIE PHILLIP MCKINNEY, (D.C. No. 4:08-CR-00017-TCK-1)
Defendant - Appellant.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before HARTZ, ANDERSON, and SEYMOUR, Circuit Judges.
Alphie Phillip McKinney, a federal prisoner appearing pro se, appeals from
the district court’s dismissal of his motion for reduction of sentence under
18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). Section 3582(c)(2) provides that
in the case of a defendant who has been sentenced to a term of
imprisonment based on a sentencing range that has subsequently been
lowered by the Sentencing Commission pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 994(o),
upon motion of the defendant or the Director of the Bureau of
Prisons, or on its own motion, the court may reduce the term of
*
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of
this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is
therefore ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is
not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata,
and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value
consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
imprisonment, after considering the factors set forth in section
3553(a) to the extent that they are applicable, if such a reduction is
consistent with applicable policy statements issued by the Sentencing
Commission.
In seeking a reduction in his sentence, Mr. McKinney relied on Amendments 599
and 709 to the United States Sentencing Guidelines (USSG). We affirm the
dismissal because Amendment 599 predated his sentence and Amendment 709 is
not retroactive.
Mr. McKinney was indicted on January 9, 2008, on one count of
possessing, on or about October 31, 2007, a firearm and ammunition after having
previously been convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term
exceeding one year. See 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1) and 924(a)(2). On July 15,
2008, he pleaded guilty to the charge. He was sentenced in October 2008 to 48
months’ imprisonment based on an offense level of 21 and a criminal-history
category of III. On July 13, 2009, he filed his motion under § 3582(c)(2),
contending that he was entitled to a sentence reduction. The district court
dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. On appeal Mr. McKinney challenges this
dismissal and also argues that his sentence was unlawful under United States v.
Booker, 543 U.S. 220 (2005).
We review de novo a district court’s legal conclusions regarding the scope
of its authority under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). See United States v. Rhodes, 549
F.3d 833, 837 (10th Cir. 2008). Mr. McKinney’s first claim is that the district
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court erred in not reducing his sentence under Amendment 599. But Amendment
599 became effective in 2000, see U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual app. C,
Vol. II at 71, long before Mr. McKinney was sentenced. Therefore, he cannot
obtain relief. See 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2) (a court may reduce a sentence if it was
based on a “sentencing range that has subsequently been lowered” (emphasis
added)).
Mr. McKinney’s second argument is that the district court erred in ruling
that Amendment 709 is not retroactive. Amendment 709 is not, however, in the
list of retroactive amendments set forth in USSG § 1B1.10(c). It therefore cannot
be considered the basis for a sentence reduction under § 3582(c)(2). See USSG
§ 1B1.10(a)(2)(A).
As for Mr. McKinney’s Booker claim, we decline to address it because he
did not raise it in district court. See King v. United States, 301 F.3d 1270, 1274
(10th Cir. 2002) (As a general rule, “this court will not consider an issue on
appeal that was not raised below.”)
We AFFIRM the district court’s dismissal of Mr. McKinney’s motion.
ENTERED FOR THE COURT
Harris L Hartz
Circuit Judge
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