United States v. Garcia ( 2022 )

21-1181-cr
United States v. Garcia
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT.
CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1,
2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF
APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1.
WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS
COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN
ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ASUMMARY ORDER@).
A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON
ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit,
2 held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the
3 City of New York, on the 15th day of June, two thousand twenty-two.
4
5 PRESENT: ROSEMARY S. POOLER,
6 GERARD E. LYNCH,
7 RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR.,
8 Circuit Judges.
9 ------------------------------------------------------------------
10 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
11
12 Appellee,
13
14 v. No. 21-1181-cr
15
16 LUIS GARCIA, AKA LUCHO,
17
18 Defendant-Appellant.
19 ------------------------------------------------------------------
1 FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT: MICHAEL O. HUESTON,
2 Brooklyn, NY
3
4 FOR APPELLEE: DOUGLAS M. PRAVDA,
5 Assistant United States
6 Attorney (Kevin Trowel,
7 Assistant United States
8 Attorney, on the brief), for Breon
9 Peace, United States Attorney
10 for the Eastern District of New
11 York, Brooklyn, NY
12 Appeal from an order of the United States District Court for the Eastern
13 District of New York (Kiyo A. Matsumoto, Judge).
14 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED,
15 AND DECREED that the order of the District Court is AFFIRMED.
16 Luis Garcia appeals from an April 26, 2021 order of the District Court
17 (Matsumoto, J.) denying his motion for a reduction in sentence pursuant to 18
18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A). In 2013 the District Court (Gleeson, J.) sentenced Garcia
19 principally to 210 months in prison after a jury convicted him of conspiring to
20 launder money in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h). On December 14, 2020, Garcia
21 filed a pro se motion for compassionate release, later supplemented by counsel’s
22 submission, arguing that his sentence should be reduced because his age and
23 medical conditions placed him at a higher risk of severe illness or death from
2
1 COVID-19, which he had already contracted once. Noting his commitment to
2 rehabilitation, Garcia also argued that he would pose no danger to the
3 community if released. The District Court (Matsumoto, J.) denied the motion.
4 We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts and the record of
5 prior proceedings, to which we refer only as necessary to explain our decision to
6 affirm.
7 Under the relevant compassionate release provision, 18 U.S.C.
8 § 3582(c)(1)(A), a district court may reduce a defendant’s term of imprisonment if
9 it finds that “extraordinary and compelling reasons warrant such a reduction,”
10 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A)(i). Even if “extraordinary and compelling”
11 circumstances exist, however, a district court may not reduce a defendant’s
12 sentence before “considering the factors set forth in section 3553(a) to the extent
13 that they are applicable.” Id. § 3582(c)(1)(A); see United States v. Jones, 17 F.4th
14 371, 374 (2d Cir. 2021). “We typically review the denial of a motion for a
15 discretionary sentence reduction for abuse of discretion.” United States v.
16 Holloway, 956 F.3d 660, 664 (2d Cir. 2020).
17 In evaluating Garcia’s motion, the District Court first concluded that he
18 had not presented extraordinary and compelling reasons for release, noting that
3
1 neither his age nor his medical conditions placed him “at heightened risk of an
2 adverse re-infection from COVID-19.” United States v. Garcia, No. 09-CR-330,
3 2021 WL 1616914, at *4 (E.D.N.Y. Apr. 26, 2021). Even if Garcia could establish
4 extraordinary and compelling reasons, the District Court held that the Section
5 3553(a) factors would nonetheless counsel against release. In support, the
6 District Court cited Garcia’s lengthy criminal history and the fact that he had
7 been “an integral part of the narcotics trafficking of some of the most notorious
8 and dangerous narcotics traffickers in the world.” Id. at *6 (quotation marks
9 omitted).
10 On appeal, Garcia contends that the District Court, in denying his motion,
11 failed to account sufficiently for the dangers of COVID-19 reinfection or to
12 acknowledge media reports regarding mismanagement of the virus at North
13 Lake Correctional Facility, where he was detained. These factors, according to
14 Garcia, constituted extraordinary and compelling reasons for release. We need
15 not resolve this argument one way or the other. Even assuming that Garcia did
16 provide extraordinary and compelling reasons for release, the District Court’s
17 reasonable evaluation of the Section 3553(a) factors provided an adequate and
18 independent basis for its decision. See Jones, 17 F.4th at 374. For that reason, we
4
1 conclude that the District Court acted well within its discretion in denying his
2 motion.
3 Next, Garcia maintains that the District Court did not adequately credit his
4 efforts at rehabilitation. To the contrary, the District Court acknowledged
5 Garcia’s “commitment to rehabilitation,” Garcia, 2021 WL 1616914, at *5, but
6 concluded that his substantial criminal history, combined with the seriousness of
7 his crime, counseled against release, see id. at *7. While we commend Garcia for
8 his efforts at self-improvement, we decline to second-guess the District Court’s
9 weighing of the Section 3553(a) factors, which was firmly committed to its
10 discretion. See United States v. Capanelli, 479 F.3d 163, 165 (2d Cir. 2007).
11 Finally, Garcia maintains that the District Court, in evaluating the Section
12 3553(a) factors, should have considered the severity of Garcia’s original sentence
13 and his responsibilities to his youngest son. But the District Court properly
14 considered and rejected the argument that Garcia’s sentence was unfair, noting
15 that the sentencing judge had “carefully reviewed the relevant factors in
16 § 3553(a) and imposed a below-Guidelines sentence after thorough
17 consideration.” Garcia, 2021 WL 1616914, at *6 n.6. And although the District
18 Court did not explicitly discuss Garcia’s parental responsibilities, we do not
5
1 require it to “address every argument the defendant has made.” United States v.
2 Rosa, 957 F.3d 113, 119 (2d Cir. 2020) (quotation marks omitted). Instead, where,
3 as here, there is no “record evidence suggesting otherwise, we presume that the
4 district court has faithfully discharged its duty to consider the § 3553(a) factors.”
5 United States v. Carr, 557 F.3d 93, 107 (2d Cir. 2009).
6 We have considered Garcia’s remaining arguments and conclude that they
7 are without merit. 1 For the foregoing reasons, the order of the District Court is
8 AFFIRMED.
9 FOR THE COURT:
10 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court
11
1Garcia also challenges the District Court’s decision as substantively unreasonable. But a
defendant may not use a compassionate release motion to “second-guess[] . . . the sentence
previously imposed.” United States v. Keitt, 21 F.4th 67, 71 (2d Cir. 2021). And we already
upheld Garcia’s sentence as substantively reasonable on direct appeal. See United States v.
Garcia, 596 F. App’x 24, 27–28 (2d Cir. 2015) (summary order).
6