Joseph Donelson v. Warden Loretto FCI , 566 F. App'x 111 ( 2014 )

BLD-242 NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
___________
No. 14-1171
___________
JOSEPH DONELSON,
Appellant
v.
WARDEN LORETTO FCI
____________________________________
On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Pennsylvania
(W.D. Pa. Civil No. 13-cv-00189)
District Judge: Honorable Kim R. Gibson
____________________________________
Submitted for Possible Summary Action Pursuant to
Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6
May 1, 2014
Before: AMBRO, CHAGARES and VANASKIE, Circuit Judges
(Opinion filed: May 7, 2014)
_________________
OPINION
_________________
PER CURIAM
Joseph Donelson, a federal prisoner proceeding pro se, appeals an order of the
United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania dismissing his
petition for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241. We will affirm.
In 2008, Donelson was convicted in the United States District Court for the
Northern District of Illinois of bank robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a). He was
sentenced to 240 months’ imprisonment. The United States Court of Appeals for the
Seventh Circuit affirmed. United States v. Donelson, 326 F. App’x 938 (7th Cir. 2009)
(non-precedential decision). In 2010, the United States District Court for the Northern
District of Illinois denied Donelson’s motion to vacate sentence pursuant to 28 U.S.C.
§ 2255. The United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit denied Donelson’s
request for a certificate of appealability.
In 2013, Donelson filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28
U.S.C. § 2241 in the Western District of Pennsylvania. The District Court adopted the
Magistrate Judge’s recommendation to deny the petition because Donelson’s claims were
cognizable under § 2255, not § 2241, and he had already sought relief under § 2255
without success. Donelson filed an appeal, which he later withdrew. See W.D. Pa. Civ.
No. 13-cv-00005.
Donelson then filed the present § 2241 habeas petition in the Western District of
Pennsylvania. He claims that he is unlawfully detained because the United States
Marshal did not sign and file the return portion of his criminal judgment upon his
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commitment as required by 18 U.S.C. § 3621(c).1 As in his prior § 2241 proceeding, the
District Court adopted the Magistrate Judge’s recommendation to dismiss the petition for
lack of jurisdiction because Donelson should have raised his claim in a § 2255 motion.
We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1291 and 2253(a). Our standard of
review of the District Court’s legal conclusions is plenary. Cradle v. United States ex rel.
Miner, 290 F.3d 536, 538 (3d Cir. 2002) (per curiam).
“Motions pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 are the presumptive means by which
federal prisoners can challenge their convictions or sentences that are allegedly in
violation of the Constitution.” Okereke v. United States, 307 F.3d 117, 120 (3d Cir.
2002). Donelson does not challenge his conviction or the sentence that was imposed for
his offense, but claims that he is unlawfully detained because the United States Marshall
did not execute and file his judgment in District Court after he was placed in the custody
of the Bureau of Prisons. Because Donelson challenges the implementation of his
sentence, his claim would seem to be best viewed as challenging its execution, a claim
which is properly brought under § 2241. See Woodall v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 432
F.3d 235, 242-43 (3d Cir. 2005) (noting “execution” means to put into effect or carry
out).
1
Under § 3621(c), “[w]hen a prisoner, pursuant to a court order, is placed in the custody
of a person in charge of a penal or correctional facility, a copy of the order shall be
delivered to such person as evidence of this authority to hold the prisoner, and the
original order, with the return endorsed thereon, shall be returned to the court that issued
it.”
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Even if Donelson’s claim should be brought under § 2241, his doing so here was
an abuse of the writ because he raised the same claim in his earlier § 2241 proceeding.
The Magistrate Judge did not discuss the claim in her report, but Donelson’s remedy was
to pursue the claim in his objections and then in a motion for reconsideration and/or on
appeal. As noted above, Donselson filed an appeal but then withdrew it. Under 28
U.S.C. § 2244(a), he may not raise his claim again in another § 2241 petition. See Queen
v. Miner, 530 F.3d 253, 254 (3d Cir. 2008) (per curiam) (holding the district court
properly dismissed a § 2241 petition under § 2244(a) where the issues raised either had
been, or could have been, decided in a previous action).2
Accordingly, as this appeal does not raise a substantial question, we will affirm the
judgment of the District Court.
2
Section 2244(a) provides: No circuit or district judge shall be required to entertain an
application for a writ of habeas corpus to inquire into the detention of a person pursuant
to a judgment of a court of the United States if it appears that the legality of such
detention has been determined by a judge or court of the United States on a prior
application for a writ of habeas corpus, except as provided in section 2255. 28 U.S.C.
§ 2244(a).
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