United States v. Alfred Musa ( 2018 )

UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 17-4467
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee,
v.
ALFRED MUSA,
Defendant - Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, at Baltimore.
George L. Russell, III, District Judge. (1:15-cr-00247-GLR-2)
Submitted: April 17, 2018 Decided: April 27, 2018
Before WILKINSON, WYNN, and HARRIS, Circuit Judges.
Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
Jenifer Wicks, THE LAW OFFICES OF JENIFER WICKS, Takoma Park, Maryland, for
Appellant. Stephen M. Schenning, Acting United States Attorney, Lauren E. Perry,
Assistant United States Attorney, OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY,
Baltimore, Maryland, for Appellee.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
PER CURIAM:
Pursuant to a written plea agreement, Alfred Musa pled guilty to conspiracy to
commit access device fraud, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1029(a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(5), (b)(2)
(2012); aggravated identity theft, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, 1028A(a)(1), (c)(4)
(2012); and identification document fraud, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1028(a)(3),
(b)(1)(A)(ii) (2012). The district court sentenced him to 120 months’ imprisonment. On
appeal, Musa challenges the district court’s denial of his motion to withdraw his guilty
plea, contending that plea counsel rendered ineffective assistance. We affirm.
We review the denial of a motion to withdraw a guilty plea for abuse of discretion.
United States v. Nicholson, 676 F.3d 376, 383 (4th Cir. 2012). To withdraw a guilty plea
before sentencing, a defendant must “show a fair and just reason for requesting the
withdrawal.” Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(d)(2)(B). “The defendant bears the burden of
demonstrating that withdrawal should be granted.” United States v. Thompson-Riviere,
561 F.3d 345, 348 (4th Cir. 2009) (brackets and internal quotation marks omitted).
Where the district court substantially complied with the Rule 11 requirements, the
defendant must overcome a strong presumption that his guilty plea is final and binding.
United States v. Lambey, 974 F.2d 1389, 1394 (4th Cir. 1992) (en banc).
In deciding a motion to withdraw a guilty plea, courts consider the following non-
exhaustive list of factors:
(1) whether the defendant has offered credible evidence that his plea was
not knowing or not voluntary; (2) whether the defendant has credibly
asserted his legal innocence; (3) whether there has been a delay between the
entering of the plea and the filing of the motion to withdraw the plea;
(4) whether the defendant had the close assistance of competent counsel;
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(5) whether withdrawal will cause prejudice to the government; and
(6) whether [withdrawal] will inconvenience the court and waste judicial
resources.
Nicholson, 676 F.3d at 384 (citing United States v. Moore, 931 F.2d 245, 248 (4th Cir.
1991)). Of these factors, the first, second, and fourth factors “speak most
straightforwardly” to whether the defendant has met his burden of withdrawal, while the
third, fifth, and sixth factors “are better understood as countervailing considerations that
establish how heavily the presumption should weigh in any given case.” United States v.
Sparks, 67 F.3d 1145, 1154 (4th Cir. 1995).
We have reviewed the record on appeal, and we conclude that the district court did
not abuse its discretion in denying Musa’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea. The
record shows that the district court held a hearing and properly weighed the Moore
factors in denying the motion. The district court conducted a comprehensive Rule 11
hearing prior to accepting Musa’s guilty plea and Musa fails to overcome the strong
presumption that his guilty plea is final and binding. See Lambey, 974 F.2d at 1394.
Musa also makes no credible assertion of legal innocence. Further, Musa swore under
oath that he was satisfied with counsel’s representation at the plea hearing and, beyond
his bare assertions, Musa fails to point to any evidence of ineffectiveness. See Christian
v. Ballard, 792 F.3d 427, 444 (4th Cir. 2015) (“Solemn declarations in open court carry a
strong presumption of verity . . . .” (alteration and internal quotation marks omitted)).
Finally, Musa contests the district court’s refusal to grant an evidentiary hearing
on the motion, but “a defendant [does not] automatically get an evidentiary hearing as a
matter of right whenever he seeks to withdraw his guilty plea.” Moore, 931 F.2d at 248.
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While evidentiary hearings should be liberally granted, a defendant is not entitled to such
a hearing unless he demonstrates “that a fair and just reason supports his request to
withdraw.” Id. (internal quotation marks omitted). Musa failed to make such a showing,
and the district court was well within its discretion in ruling on Musa’s motion without an
evidentiary hearing.
Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s denial of Musa’s motion to withdraw
his guilty plea and the district court’s judgment. We dispense with oral argument because
the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this court
and argument would not aid the decisional process.
AFFIRMED
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