John Crandell, III v. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration ( 2023 )

USCA4 Appeal: 22-1151 Doc: 9 Filed: 02/07/2023 Pg: 1 of 4
UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 22-1151
JOHN OSBORNE CRANDELL, III,
Petitioner - Appellant,
v.
U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION,
Respondent - Appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia, at
Elkins. Thomas S. Kleeh, Chief District Judge. (2:21-cv-00016-TSK-MJA)
Submitted: January 26, 2023 Decided: February 7, 2023
Before NIEMEYER and KING, Circuit Judges, and FLOYD, Senior Circuit Judge.
Vacated and remanded by unpublished per curiam opinion.
John Osborne Crandell, III, Appellant Pro Se.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
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PER CURIAM:
John Osborne Crandell, III, appeals the district court’s order adopting the magistrate
judge’s recommendation and dismissing with prejudice his civil action. Because the
district court failed to apply the proper standard in reviewing the magistrate judge’s
recommendation, we vacate and remand for further proceedings.
A district court must review de novo those portions of a magistrate judge’s
recommendation to which specific objections are made. United States v. De Leon-Ramirez,
925 F.3d 177, 181 (4th Cir. 2019); see United States v. George, 971 F.2d 1113, 1118 (4th
Cir. 1992) (“By definition, de novo review entails consideration of an issue as if it had not
been decided previously.”). To qualify as specific, a party’s objections must “reasonably
. . . alert the district court of the true ground[s] for the objection[s].” Martin v. Duffy, 858
F.3d 239, 245 (4th Cir. 2017) (internal quotation marks omitted). This requirement
“train[s] the attention of both the district court and the court of appeals upon only those
issues that remain in dispute after the magistrate judge has made findings and
recommendations.” United States v. Midgette, 478 F.3d 616, 621 (4th Cir. 2007). When
a district court fails to apply the proper standard of review to a magistrate judge’s
recommendation, a remand is warranted. De Leon-Ramirez, 925 F.3d at 181.
In these proceedings, Crandell sought an order from the district court directing the
U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (“NARA”) to produce the case file for
Taylor v. Brown, No. 2:93-cv-00093-REM (N.D.W. Va.). The magistrate judge
recommended dismissing Crandell’s civil action for failure to state a claim, or in the
alternative, awarding summary judgment to NARA based on NARA’s representation that
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the case file had been destroyed. * As relevant here, Crandell objected to the magistrate
judge’s recommendation and asserted that, pursuant to NARA’s Records Disposition
Schedule for district court case files, NARA was required to permanently retain the file for
Taylor v. Brown. Crandell also supplied evidence to support his assertion. The district
court deemed Crandell’s objections nonspecific and reviewed the magistrate judge’s
recommendation for clear error only. Discerning no clear error, the district court adopted
the recommendation and dismissed with prejudice Crandell’s action. The district court did
not address Crandell’s assertion and evidence related to the Records Disposition Schedule.
Having reviewed Crandell’s objections to the magistrate judge’s recommendation,
we disagree with the district court’s characterization of them as nonspecific. Crandell
reasonably alerted the district court to his disagreement with the magistrate judge’s
determination that the case file had been destroyed and explained that disagreement with
citations to record evidence. See Martin, 858 F.3d at 245. We are therefore satisfied that
the district court was obliged to review de novo that aspect of the magistrate judge’s
recommendation.
Accordingly, we vacate the district court’s order and remand for the district court to
apply the proper standard of review to the magistrate judge’s recommendation. We express
no opinion on the ultimate merits of Crandell’s objections. We dispense with oral argument
*
The magistrate judge also determined that Crandell had failed to exhaust his
administrative remedies before pursuing this action. But the district court’s dismissal with
prejudice causes us to question whether the court relied on that determination in resolving
this case. See Moss v. Harwood, 19 F.4th 614, 623 n.3 (4th Cir. 2021).
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because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this
court and argument would not aid the decisional process.
VACATED AND REMANDED
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