State of Iowa v. Tylor Igou ( 2018 )


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  •                     IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA
    No. 17-0574
    Filed February 21, 2018
    STATE OF IOWA,
    Plaintiff-Appellee,
    vs.
    TYLOR IGOU,
    Defendant-Appellant.
    ________________________________________________________________
    Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Clay County, Charles K. Borth,
    District Associate Judge.
    Tylor Igou appeals his conviction for domestic abuse assault causing bodily
    injury following a jury trial. AFFIRMED.
    Jack B. Bjornstad of Jack Bjornstad Law Office, Okoboji, for appellant.
    Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and Tyler J. Buller, Assistant Attorney
    General, for appellee.
    Considered by Vaitheswaran, P.J., and Potterfield and McDonald, JJ.
    2
    VAITHESWARAN, Presiding Judge.
    A jury determined Tyler Igou assaulted his girlfriend, and the district court
    entered judgment and sentence for domestic abuse assault causing bodily injury.
    See Iowa Code §§ 708.2A(1), (2)(b) (2016). On appeal, Igou contends the district
    court should have excluded the girlfriend’s testimony as a sanction for the
    prosecutor’s violation of a discovery rule.
    I.     Background Proceedings
    Iowa Rule of Criminal Procedure 2.14(1) states:
    When a witness subpoenaed by the prosecuting attorney pursuant
    to rule 2.5 is summoned by the prosecuting attorney after complaint,
    indictment or information, the defendant shall have a right to be
    present and have the opportunity to cross-examine any witnesses
    whose appearance before the county attorney is required by this rule.
    After the trial information was filed, the prosecutor issued Igou’s girlfriend a pretrial
    subpoena without notifying Igou or his attorney. The prosecutor conducted an
    unrecorded interview of the girlfriend.
    At trial, Igou’s girlfriend testified for the State. During cross-examination,
    the defense learned of the pretrial subpoena. Igou moved for judgment of acquittal
    based in part on the prosecutor’s failure to notify him of the subpoena. The district
    court reserved ruling on the motion but invited either party to “make further record
    about this subpoena and what the consequences of it should be.” Following the
    jury’s finding of guilt, the court denied the acquittal motion without revisiting the
    subpoena issue.
    Igou moved for a new trial based on the claimed rule violation. The district
    court denied the motion after concluding the prosecutor violated rule 2.14(1) but
    Igou was not prejudiced by the violation. This appeal followed.
    3
    II.      Error Preservation
    Preliminarily, the State raises an error preservation concern. See Meier v.
    Senecaut, 
    641 N.W.2d 532
    , 537 (Iowa 2002) (stating error is preserved when an
    issue is raised and decided). The State argues the proper means to challenge the
    rule violation was by seeking discovery sanctions, as authorized by rule 2.14(6),
    and Igou failed to do so. See Iowa R. Crim. P. 2.14(6)(c) (“Where a discovery
    violation has been shown by timely application, “the court may . . . order such party
    to permit the discovery or inspection, grant a continuance, or prohibit the party from
    introducing any evidence not disclosed, or it may enter such other order as it
    deems just under the circumstances.”). We are not persuaded by this argument
    Igou’s attorney only learned of the pretrial subpoena at trial. He immediately
    cross-examined the girlfriend and established neither he nor his client were
    present at the interview. At the close of the State’s case, he moved for judgment
    of acquittal based on the claimed rule violation. He renewed the motion at the
    close of trial and filed his new trial motion after trial. We conclude he preserved
    error.
    III.     Rule 2.14(1) Violation
    We review the court’s ruling on the new trial motion for an abuse of
    discretion. See State v. Thompkins, 
    318 N.W.2d 194
    , 197-98 (Iowa 1982) (setting
    forth the standard of review). “An abuse of discretion will not generally be found
    unless the party whose rights have been violated suffered prejudice.” State v.
    Babers, 
    514 N.W.2d 79
    , 82 (Iowa 1994) (citing 
    Thompkins, 318 N.W.2d at 198
    ).
    Igou did not establish prejudice.
    4
    The prosecutor stated she was unaware of the notification requirement in
    rule 2.14(1), and Igou’s attorney conceded the rule violation was unintentional. Cf.
    
    Thompkins, 318 N.W.2d at 197
    (finding “a deliberate and inexcusable violation of”
    an order).
    Additionally, Igou’s attorney spoke to the girlfriend before trial and learned
    of her meeting with the prosecutor. Although he was not aware the meeting was
    convened pursuant to a subpoena, he had no incentive to seek a discovery
    sanction because the girlfriend’s trial testimony helped rather than hurt his client.
    From his pretrial meeting with the girlfriend, he was aware of the girlfriend’s
    exculpatory as well as inculpatory versions of events. See Fry v. Blauvelt, 
    818 N.W.2d 123
    , 130-31 (Iowa 2012) (noting party “clearly was able to investigate and
    refute” evidence notwithstanding a delay in including certain exhibits in an initial
    exhibit list); cf. 
    Thompkins, 318 N.W.2d at 198
    (noting defense counsel only
    learned of a varying witness account after trial). The inculpatory version entered
    the trial record through the recording of the girlfriend’s 911 call to a dispatcher and
    her statements to police. In that version, she said Igou pushed her into a door
    knob and into a kitchen wall. The exculpatory version entered the record through
    the girlfriend’s trial testimony. The defense had filed a pretrial affidavit in which the
    girlfriend attested, “I don’t think [Igou] tried to push me into the doorknob at all” and
    he “did not throw me against any walls in the kitchen.” On cross-examination of
    the girlfriend at trial, the defense honed in on those recantations. The affidavit was
    offered and admitted, and the girlfriend reaffirmed the recantations and disavowed
    her statements to the 911 dispatcher and police. In sum, where the inculpatory
    version of events was before the jury through the 911 recording and the police
    5
    officer’s testimony, the girlfriend’s trial recantation was crucial to the defense, and
    Igou was hard-pressed to argue he was prejudiced by it.
    We conclude the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Igou’s
    new trial motion. We affirm his conviction.
    AFFIRMED.
    

Document Info

Docket Number: 17-0574

Filed Date: 2/21/2018

Precedential Status: Precedential

Modified Date: 2/28/2018