United States v. Silviano Marcelino-Garcia , 388 F. App'x 637 ( 2010 )


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  •                                                                               FILED
    NOT FOR PUBLICATION                                 JUL 19 2010
    MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
    FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
    UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                        No. 09-30299
    Plaintiff - Appellee,              D.C. No. 4:08-cr-00245-BLW-1
    v.
    MEMORANDUM*
    SILVIANO MARCELINO-GARCIA,
    Defendant - Appellant.
    Appeal from the United States District Court
    for the District of Idaho
    B. Lynn Winmill, Chief District Judge, Presiding
    Argued and Submitted July 15, 2010
    Portland, Oregon
    Before: GOODWIN, PREGERSON, and WARDLAW, Circuit Judges.
    Silviano Marcelino-Garcia appeals his conviction for illegal reentry after a
    prior deportation under 
    8 U.S.C. § 1326
    . We have jurisdiction under 
    28 U.S.C. § 1291
     and we affirm. Because the parties are familiar with the facts, we do not
    restate them here.
    *
    This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
    except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
    I.
    We review de novo claims of insufficient evidence. United States v.
    Sullivan, 
    522 F.3d 967
    , 974 (9th Cir. 2008) (citing United States v. Shipsey, 
    363 F.3d 962
    , 971 n.8 (9th Cir. 2004)). Evidence is sufficient to support a conviction
    if, “reviewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any
    rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a
    reasonable doubt.” United States v. Contreras, 
    63 F.3d 852
    , 857 (9th Cir. 1995)
    (citing Jackson v. Virginia, 
    443 U.S. 307
    , 319 (1979) (emphasis in original)).
    In this case, sufficient evidence supports the jury’s conclusion that the
    Government proved, beyond a reasonable doubt, that Marcelino-Garcia physically
    left the United States. The Government submitted into evidence a warrant of
    removal, which this court has repeatedly found to be sufficient evidence to
    establish physical removal. See, e.g., United States v. Salazar-Lopez, 
    506 F.3d 748
    , 755 (9th Cir. 2007); United States v. Zepeda-Martinez, 
    470 F.3d 909
    , 913 (9th
    Cir. 2006); United States v. Bahena-Cardenas, 
    411 F.3d 1067
    , 1074 (9th Cir.
    2005); United States v. Contreras, 
    63 F.3d 852
    , 857 (9th Cir. 1995). Agent
    Pedregon testified that after an immigration officer witnessed a deportee’s exit
    through the gate to the Paseo Del Norte Bridge and signed that deportee’s warrant,
    it was possible that a deportee could avoid physically crossing the border. Agent
    2
    Pedregon emphasized that the chances of this happening were remote. Therefore,
    Agent Pedregon’s testimony does not undermine the sufficiency of the warrant of
    removal.
    II.
    We review a defendant’s claim, raised for the first time on appeal, that the
    government improperly shifted the burden of proof to the defendant for plain error.
    United States v. Vaandering, 
    50 F.3d 696
    , 701 (9th Cir. 1995). In this case, the
    Government expressly stated during its closing argument that it, and not
    Marcelino-Garcia, bore the burden of proof to show that Marcelino-Garcia had
    physically departed from the United States. The Government then highlighted
    Marcelino-Garcia’s lack of evidence to support his claim that he had not been
    physically removed from the United States. The Government may comment on the
    weaknesses of a defendant’s case without impermissibly shifting the burden to that
    defendant. 
    Id. at 701-02
    . In this case, the Government did not shift the burden of
    proof to Marcelino-Garcia.
    AFFIRMED.
    3