Giles v. Reed , 44 Cal. App. 367 ( 1919 )

Plaintiff appeals from a judgment in favor of defendant, rendered upon the granting of his motion for a nonsuit. The action is based upon a claim presented to defendant as administrator of the estate of Rhoda A. Loud, deceased, which was by him rejected. As presented, the claim is as follows:

"Estate of Rhoda A. Loud, Deceased.

"To Libbie Giles, Dr.

"To services rendered by claimant to said deceased as housekeeper, companion, nurse, etc., under and by virtue of a contract with said deceased whereby she agreed in consideration of the rendition of such services to make a will in favor of claimant leaving and devising her property situate in the County of San Diego, State of California, described as lot thirty-three and the south one-half of lot thirty-four of block One Hundred Eighty-four of University Heights according to the official map thereof on file in the office of the County Recorder of said County; together with the buildings upon said above described property, and the furnishings and household furniture and other personal property of said deceased in said building, $3073.82," to which was attached an affidavit that the amount thereof was justly due and no part thereof had been paid.

It is alleged in the complaint that the contract, made in April, 1915, pursuant to which the services were rendered, was oral, and that plaintiff complied with her part thereof and rendered personal services to deceased, the reasonable value of which was the sum of $3,073.82; that deceased died without devising the said real property to plaintiff in accordance with said agreement or otherwise making any provision for the payment to plaintiff of the amount claimed.

[1] The chief error urged by appellant is predicated upon the ruling of the court in sustaining defendant's objections to questions whereby it was sought to elicit testimony tending to prove that deceased in her lifetime orally agreed with plaintiff, for the consideration named, to make a will devising to her the real estate described in the complaint. That the alleged contract was invalid by reason of there being no note or memorandum thereof in writing and subscribed by deceased, admits of no question (subd. 7, sec. 1624, Civ. Code); hence there was no error in the ruling.

[2] Nevertheless, counsel for appellant insists that under her complaint she is entitled to recover upon a quantum meruit for services rendered by her at the special instance and request of deceased. The record, however, fails to show that plaintiff offered any evidence upon such theory. The position of her counsel is summed up in the following statement: "We expect to prove, your Honor, by this witness and by most of these other witnesses, that Rhoda A. Loud said to this witness in different conversations that she would, or she intended to leave Mrs. Giles her home when she passed out of the body, and that Mrs. Giles was the best friend she ever had and rendered services for her." Conceding, however, that testimony tending to show the reasonable value of services rendered by plaintiff for deceased was proffered and an objection thereto sustained, nevertheless it cannot be said that the court erred in its ruling. The law is well settled that a cause of action based upon a rejected claim against an estate of a deceased person is limited to that contained in the claim so presented. (Morehouse v. Morehouse,140 Cal. 88, [73 P. 738]; Enscoe v. Fletcher, I Cal.App. 659, [82 P. 1075].) [3] In other words, the holder of a claim against an estate cannot bring action therefor until it has been presented and rejected, and then in such action his right to recover is restricted to the cause of action stated in the claim which has been so presented and rejected. He is not entitled to recover against an administrator for any other cause of action (Brooks v. Lawson, 136 Cal. 10, [68 P. 97]), and cannot allege and prove a cause of action other than or different from that stated in the claim. (Etchas v. Orena,127 Cal. 588, [60 P. 45].) By no stretch of the imagination can the claim as presented be construed as one for the reasonable value of services performed for deceased. It is stated in the claim that the services rendered by plaintiff were under and by virtue of a contract made with said deceased whereby the latter agreed to make a will devising to plaintiff certain real property. While no breach of this contract is stated in the claim, nevertheless, assuming the affidavit shows a breach thereof, the amount claimed is in the nature of damages, and not for the reasonable value of services rendered. Conceding that plaintiff offered such testimony, the court did not err in sustaining objections to evidence touching the question of plaintiff's right to recover upon a quantum meruit for services alleged to have been performed for and on behalf of deceased, for the reason that no claim therefor was at any time presented to the administrator for allowance.

At the close of plaintiff's evidence counsel stated: "We make a motion for judgment of nonsuit for failure to establish a case by the plaintiff." [4] It is true, as contended by appellant, that a party moving for nonsuit should state in his motion the precise grounds upon which he relies, so that the attention of the court and the opposite counsel may be particularly directed to the supposed defects in plaintiff's case. (Coghlan v. Quartararo, 15 Cal.App. 668, [115 P. 664];Brown v. Sterling Furniture Co., 175 Cal. 563, [166 P. 322].)[5] As appears, however, in the instant case, no evidence was received touching any material facts which it was necessary to establish in order to entitle plaintiff to recover; indeed, in that the complaint failed to state a cause of action, the complaint was subject to a general demurrer, and conceding the motion as made was defective in that counsel in making it failed to comply with the rule announced in the cases cited, nevertheless, since the complaint is silent as to facts under which any evidence was admissible and not susceptible of an amendment which could warrant a recovery by plaintiff, no purpose could be served in reversing the judgment upon such ground.

The judgment is affirmed.

Conrey, P. J., and James, J., concurred.