People v. Fargas CA2/8 ( 2014 )

Filed 5/23/14 P. v. Fargas CA2/8
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION EIGHT
THE PEOPLE, B251646
Plaintiff and Respondent, (Los Angeles County
Super. Ct. No. VA129351)
v.
RICKY FAGRAS,
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County, John A.
Torribio, Judge. Conditionally reversed and remanded.
Stephanie L. Gunther, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant
and Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Dane R. Gillette, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Lance E. Winters, Assistant Attorney General and Scott A. Taryle, Deputy
Attorney General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
________________________________
Defendant Ricky Fagras was convicted by jury of possessing a controlled
substance for sale (Health & Saf. Code, § 11378), and prior drug conviction (Health &
Saf. Code, § 11370.2, subd. (c)) and prison term allegations (Pen. Code, §§ 667.5,
subd. (b) & 1203.07, subd. (a)(11)) were found true by the trial court. He was sentenced
to a total term of seven years in county jail, under Penal Code section 1170, consisting of
the midterm of two years for the violation of Health and Safety Code section 11378, three
years for the prior drug conviction, and two years for the prison priors.1 Defendant filed
a timely notice of appeal.
We appointed appellate counsel to represent defendant. Appointed counsel filed a
brief pursuant to People v. Wende (1979) 25 Cal. 3d 436 (Wende) in which no issues were
raised. Defendant filed two supplemental briefs with this court (one of which was filed
after the deadline with this court’s permission), contending that: he was not assigned
counsel to investigate an incident in 1980, where the judge took a “bribe”; his request for
a trial continuance was denied; his request “for a juror to be drop[p]ed” was denied; he
was severely beaten in the courthouse hallway by a narcotics officer after calling his
daughter a “bag whore”; he was not present for his trial; his trial counsel argued in
closing “my hands are tied[,] I don’t know why the D.A. won’t let me [subpoena] all the
cops”; defendant has “death brain” from being “beaten to death” in 1988 in Lake Tahoe;
defendant refused the civilian clothes offered to him by his attorney because “they were
gangster grey[,] black ‘n’ white”; his witness was not allowed in the courtroom; he was
denied in pro. per. status; the trial court erred when it found no discoverable information
1 We note that there was an irregularity in the trial court’s abstract of judgment
which was corrected while this appeal was pending. The September 20, 2013 abstract of
judgment reflects that defendant’s conviction was by plea, instead of by jury. On
January 16, 2014, the abstract of judgment was corrected nunc pro tunc to show that
defendant was convicted by jury. The trial court also made minor corrections to its
September 16, 2013 sentencing minute order. We augment the record on our own motion
to include the corrected abstract of judgment and minutes. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule
8.155.)
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in Deputy Wendland’s personnel file during its Pitchess2 review; the trial judge asked for
bribe payments, and hit defendant while he was shackled; as well as arguments that he
did not possess drugs and has over $3.6 million in the bank.
In the course of our independent review under Wende, we discovered that the
reporter's transcripts for defendant's pretrial motion for Pitchess discovery were not
included in the record on appeal. We augmented the record, on our own motion, to
include these transcripts. After reviewing the sealed transcripts under People v. Mooc
(2001) 26 Cal. 4th 1216, 1226, we discovered that the custodian of records for the Los
Angeles County Sheriff’s Department was not placed under oath during the in camera
hearings. We asked the parties to provide briefing on “whether defendant’s judgment of
conviction must be conditionally reversed” under People v. White (2011) 191
Cal. App. 4th 1333, 1340. Both defendant’s appointed attorney and respondent filed
supplemental letter briefs addressing our inquiry. Respondent concedes that conditional
reversal of defendant’s conviction is required.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Defendant made a number of pretrial motions. He made a Pitchess motion for
discovery of the contents of the personnel files of Sheriff’s Deputies Neil Wendland and
Zunggeemoge, broadly seeking discovery of the names of all individuals who have
accused the deputies of misconduct, such as excessive force, bias, dishonesty, and
coercive conduct, and the names of any witnesses to the misconduct that were
interviewed in the course of investigating the misconduct. Counsel’s declaration in
support of the motion averred that defendant “knows Deputy Wendland from prior
contacts and filed a complaint against him for using excessive force against [defendant] a
year ago” and that Deputy Wendland’s report was false. The trial court granted the
motion as to Deputy Wendland, and conducted an in camera hearing on July 24 and
July 30, 2013, ultimately concluding that no discoverable information existed.
2 Pitchess v. Superior Court (1974) 11 Cal. 3d 531 (Pitchess).
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Defendant also made a motion to suppress his statements made to Deputies
Wendland and Zunggeemoge during his arrest, a Marsden3 motion to relieve his counsel,
and a request that trial be continued, arguing that he was not ready for trial, and that he
would like additional time to retain another attorney. These motions were denied.
Defendant, who was in custody, refused the civilian clothing offered by his
attorney to wear during his trial. Moreover, defendant’s unruly conduct during multiple
hearings leading up to trial, and his failure to heed the trial court’s warning that he would
be excluded from trial if he did not control his behavior, led the trial court to exclude him
from the proceedings and tell the jury he had voluntarily absented himself.
The following evidence was adduced at trial: On March 21, 2013, Deputy
Wendland and his partner were patrolling a transient camp near the 105 Freeway in
Downey. Deputy Wendland saw defendant throw an object into a green tent. Inside the
tent, Deputy Wendland found bags with equal amounts of methamphetamine and a
pocket-sized digital scale, with methamphetamine residue on it. He also found an
address book which was the “property of . . . Ricky George Fagras.” Deputy Wendland
believed that defendant possessed the drugs for sale.
During cross-examination, Deputy Wendland admitted he had known defendant
for two or three years. In one incident with defendant, Deputy Wendland used force
when he tackled defendant to the ground, and defendant had filed complaints against
Deputy Wendland for his use of force.
The parties stipulated that the drugs recovered from the tent were
methamphetamine. Deputy James Copplin testified as a narcotics expert, and opined the
drugs were possessed for the purpose of sale.
Defendant testified in his own defense, wearing a “stealth belt” that restrained
him, but could not be seen by the jury. Defendant was having his bike fixed at the
transient camp. Others at the camp were using drugs. When defendant and the men were
3 People v. Marsden (1970) 2 Cal. 3d 118.
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approached by a “cop,” defendant recognized the “cop” as the deputy who had “just beat
the s--- out of [him].” Defendant had never seen the bags of drugs recovered by the
deputies.
DISCUSSION
During our independent review of the record, we discovered that the Sheriff’s
Department’s custodian of records was not placed under oath during the in camera
Pitchess hearings. An in camera Pitchess hearing is an evidentiary hearing, and any
witness at the hearing, including the custodian of records, must be sworn. (Evid. Code,
§ 710; People v. Mooc, supra, 26 Cal.4th at p. 1229, fn. 4; People v. White, supra,
191 Cal.App.4th at pp. 1339-1340.) The remedy is to conditionally reverse a defendant’s
judgment of conviction, and to have the trial court conduct a new in camera hearing,
placing the custodian under oath. (People v. White, at pp. 1341-1342.)
Defendant also complains of numerous errors. We find no merit in any of
defendant’s contentions. The majority of the issues raised in defendant’s letter briefs
concern matters that are outside the record, and therefore are more appropriately decided
in a habeas corpus proceeding. (People v. Mendoza Tello (1997) 15 Cal. 4th 264, 266-
267.)
Defendant contends the trial court erred when it failed to disclose Pitchess
information from Deputy Wendland’s personnel file. Because the custodian of records
was not under oath, and the trial court must conduct a new Pitchess hearing, we cannot
reach the merits of this argument at this time.
As for defendant’s claim that the trial court denied his request to exclude a
prospective juror, jury selection was not included in the record on appeal, no ruling on
any challenge appears in the trial court’s minutes, and defendant has not identified any
legitimate basis for exclusion of any of the jurors. (See Code Civ. Proc., § 225.) In fact,
the record shows that the defendant accepted the panel.
Moreover, defendant’s attorney did not make the comments credited to him by
defendant on appeal. Also, defendant did not request to represent himself, and the trial
court found his counsel was competently representing defendant. (People v. Hill (1976)
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64 Cal. App. 3d 16, 30-32.) Because defendant’s basis for seeking a continuance was so
he could obtain new representation, there was no good cause for a continuance. (Pen.
Code, § 1050, subd. (d).)
Additionally, there is no indication in the record that a defense witness was
excluded from trial.
Lastly, defendant was offered civilian clothes, but declined to wear them, waiving
any objection to his appearance at trial (People v. Taylor (1982) 31 Cal. 3d 488, 495), and
was properly excluded from trial, after he was warned, for his violent and disruptive
behavior (see Illinois v. Allen (1970) 397 U.S. 337, 345-346).
In all other respects, we have examined the entire record, and are satisfied that
defendant's attorney has fully complied with her responsibilities and that no other
arguable issues exist. (People v. Kelly (2006) 40 Cal. 4th 106; Wende, supra, 25 Cal. 3d
436.)
DISPOSITION
The judgment is conditionally reversed and remanded to the trial court to hold a
new Pitchess hearing in which any witnesses who testify shall be placed under oath. If
the trial court finds there are discoverable records, they shall be produced and the court
shall conduct such further proceedings as are necessary and appropriate. If the court
finds there are no discoverable records, or that there is discoverable information but
defendant cannot establish that he was prejudiced by the denial of discovery, the
judgment shall be reinstated.
GRIMES, J.
We concur:
BIGELOW, P. J.
RUBIN, J.
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