Sorrentino v. Cersosimo , 103 Conn. 426 ( 1925 )

The appeal record does not present the question which the claimant desires to have reviewed by us, which is, whether the commissioner's finding that the defendants employed regularly less than five employees and his consequent dismissal of the plaintiff's claim, was error. The commissioner in his finding, in paragraph ten, found that the defendant partnership employed only two persons, and in paragraph eleven that the partnership employed regularly less than five employees. He omitted to find the subordinate facts upon which these conclusions rested, but incorporated them in his memorandum of opinion. The finding should not contain the memorandum of opinion and should contain the subordinate facts upon which his conclusions are based. Pettiti v. Pardy ConstructionCo., 103 Conn. 101, 104, 130 A. 70. The plaintiff should have moved to correct the finding by striking out the memorandum of decision and inserting what he claimed the subordinate facts to be by which the conclusions in paragraphs ten and eleven which he claimed to be erroneous must be tested. Instead of this motion, he moved to correct by striking out the memorandum of decision or correcting the facts stated therein in a number of particulars. The commissioner granted his request and struck out the memorandum of decision and held that this ruling eliminated the necessity of consideration of the amended motion to correct. The commissioner's ruling that the striking out of the memorandum avoided the occasion for passing upon the amended motion to correct, since that related exclusively to corrections of the memorandum, was correct. Thereupon the plaintiff took his appeal to the Superior Court, assigning as error the commissioner's refusal to correct the finding as to the two conclusions referred to and as to various facts in the memorandum which had been struck out on plaintiff's motion. If the commissioner had refused to find the subordinate facts, the plaintiff would have had a good ground of appeal. Schneider v. Raymond, 103 Conn. 49,130 A. 73. The trial court ordered the commissioner to file a transcript of the evidence, although the plaintiff did not at any time file a transcript of the evidence relating to the several corrections desired, but did file what purported to be a copy of all the evidence, thus requiring the commissioner to cull out the evidence relating to the several corrections claimed and to make comparison of all the evidence with his own official transcript. Counsel may not in this way shift the burden which under our practice rests upon him to the commissioner. We think the court was wrong in ordering the commissioner to file a copy of this evidence under these circumstances. Further, if this had been an official transcript of the evidence, the Superior Court could not have used it in order to determine whether the conclusions reached by the commissioner were correct. The conclusions are to be tested by the subordinate facts and by them alone. The evidence can be used on appeal to the Superior Court for the purpose of correcting the subordinate facts and for no other purpose. Since no subordinate facts from which the conclusions were drawn are found, and none of the claims for corrections of the finding request their incorporation in the finding, and the appeal is not predicated upon the ruling of the Superior Court in refusing to order these, and no reason of appeal is based upon the ground that the subordinate facts do not support the conclusion stated in paragraph eleven of the finding, that "the partnership employed regularly less than five employees," there is no reviewable question raised by this appeal. It is quite true that the facts found as to the employment regularly of less than five employees must show that "the condition exists upon which this exemption rests." We cannot test the conclusion by the subordinate facts found unless we can find this point raised in the reasons of appeal. There is no way by which we can consider the question which the appellant desires us to review, viz.: whether the conclusion "that the partnership employed regularly less than five employees" is supported by the evidence. If we were testing this conclusion by the subordinate facts, the test would be whether, upon all the facts found, it affirmatively appeared that the employer regularly employed less than five. Neither the average daily number of employees, nor whether there is a definite quota or standard number of them, is the test.Green v. Benedict, 102 Conn. 1, 5, 128 A. 20. The exemption "refers to the size of the group of persons employed throughout the period in question, and not to the total number of persons who may have entered and left the employment from the beginning to the end of the period." Schneider v. Raymond, 103 Conn. 49,51, 130 A. 73. If the facts in this case were as plaintiff's counsel claimed them in argument to be, we should have no difficulty in holding, after applying the test of Green v. Benedict, supra, that these facts affirmatively show that the defendant employer did have regularly less than five employees.

There is no error.

In this opinion the other judges concurred.