ISS Facility Services, Inc. v. JanCo FS2, LLC ( 2023 )

COURT OF CHANCERY
OF THE
SAM GLASSCOCK III STATE OF DELAWARE COURT OF CHANCERY COURTHOUSE
VICE CHANCELLOR 34 THE CIRCLE
GEORGETOWN, DELAWARE 19947
Date Submitted: June 20, 20231
Date Decided: June 20, 2023
David J. Teklits, Esquire Catherine G. Dearlove, Esquire
Thomas P. Will, Esquire Robert L. Burns, Esquire
MORRIS, NICHOLS, ARSHT & Caroline McDonough, Esquire
TUNNELL LLP Nicholas F. Mastria, Esquire
1201 N. Market Street RICHARDS, LAYTON & FINGER, P.A.
P.O. Box 1347 One Rodney Square
Wilmington, DE 19899 920 North King Street
Wilmington, Delaware 19801
Re: ISS Facility Services, Inc., et al. v. JanCo FS 2, LLC, et al.,
C.A. No. 2022-1197-SG
Dear Counsel:
The Labyrinth built by Dedalus on Crete was easy enough to enter, but near-
impossible to navigate through—it was sufficiently baffling to detain the Minotaur.
Chancery litigation, in a sense, is the opposite. It is not difficult to traverse 2—
indeed, sometimes matters are resolved with great alacrity—but the entrance is
1
After reviewing the parties’ submissions, I have determined that I am able to resolve the matter
without further argument or briefing. Accordingly, the oral argument previously scheduled for
July 6, 2023 is cancelled and I consider the matter fully submitted as of today.
2
But see the English idiom “in Chancery,” a term coined in the 19th century in reference to “the
cost and loss of property” likely accompanying a trip through the English Chancery labyrinth;
thus, any “awkward predicament,” which in turn lent its name to the wrestling hold described as
putting the opponent “in chancery,” (i.e. the “position of the head when held under the
opponent’s left arm to be pommelled”) because once you are in it, you will find it difficult to get
out. Chancery, Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles (3rd ed. 1973); See
Chancery, Dictionary of Word Origins: A History of the Words, Expressions, and Clichés, (1st
ed. 2000); see generally Charles Dickens, Bleak House (1853).
straitened. Famously, three gates lead into the Chancery labyrinth, statutory
jurisdiction and the two traditional entrances: via pleading an equitable cause of
action or requesting equitable relief. Mere pleading of the latter is insufficient,
unless it also appears that complete relief is not available at law.3
In this matter, the complaint states three causes of action. One seeks a
declaratory judgment regarding contractual breaches, a remedy available at law. The
second and third seek specific performance of portions of the contracts at issue; this,
obviously, is a request for equitable relief, and Chancery is available to vindicate
such a request if—only if—the pleadings demonstrate that such relief is necessary
to do justice. Before me is Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss under Rule 12(b)(1).4
Having reviewed the parties’ submissions, I find that that equitable jurisdiction is
lacking. My reasoning follows.
“It is well-established that the Court of Chancery has subject matter
jurisdiction where (among other things) a party: 1) seeks an equitable remedy, such
as specific performance or an injunction, and 2) lacks an adequate remedy at law.”5
An adequate remedy at law “must be available as a matter of right, be full, fair and
3
See, e.g., Elavon, Inc. v. Elec. Transaction Sys. Corp., 2022 WL 667075, at *3 (Del. Ch. Mar.
7, 2022) (dismissing for lack of subject matter jurisdiction where adequate relief at law is
available).
4
Defs.’ Mot. to Dismiss Pls.’ Verified Compl. for Breach of Contract and Declaratory Relief,
Dkt. No. 7; see Opening Br. in Supp. of Defs.’ Mot. to Dismiss (“OB MTD”), Dkt. No. 12.
5
Nat’l Indus. Grp. (Hldg.) v. Carlyle Inv. Mgmt. L.L.C., 67 A.3d 373, 382 (Del. 2013).
2
complete, and be as practical to the ends of justice and to prompt administration as
the remedy in equity.”6
Plaintiffs proffer as their sole jurisdictional hook the necessity of the
undeniably equitable remedy of specific performance.7 Here, the Plaintiffs claim a
contractual right to funds held in escrow, arguing that injunctive relief via specific
performance is necessary to compel Defendants to issue instructions to an escrow
agent to disburse those contested funds.8 This argument, however, is belied by the
contract on which Plaintiffs rely. Plaintiffs cite the escrow agreement between the
parties which provides that disbursements can occur “only pursuant to (i)
[Defendants’] written direction, (ii) a Joint Written Direction or (iii) a Final Order.”9
The same document defines “Final Order” to mean “a final and nonappealable order
of a court of competent jurisdiction.”10
It is clear to me that a declaratory judgment, a remedy available at law and
sought here, would suffice to accomplish via option (iii) what Plaintiffs seek here
6
Clark v. Teeven Holding Co., Inc., 625 A.2d 869, 881 (Del. Ch. 1992).
7
Defendants challenge the equitable basis of all three of Plaintiffs’ causes of action. OB MTD at
9-15. However, Plaintiffs’ opposition contests only Count I, seeking specific performance
relating to the funds in escrow. Pls.’ Answering Br. in Opp. to Defs.’ Mot. to Dismiss (“AB
MTD”) 17-22, Dkt. No. 16.
8
AB MTD at 17; Verified Compl. for Breach of Contract and Declaratory Relief ¶ 75, Dkt. No.
1.
9
Exs. A-B to the Transmittal Aff. of Nicholas F. Mastria, Esq. in Supp. of the Opening Br. in
Supp. of Defs.’ Mot. to Dismiss (“MTD Exhibits”) 4 (pages numbered sequentially based on
PDF), Dkt. No. 12.
10
MTD Exhibits at 10.
3
via option (i), rendering equity superfluous. In other words, a final order declaring
that Plaintiffs are entitled to disbursement of the funds in escrow is contractually
sufficient to require the agent to pay over the funds. The computation of the amount
to be released from escrow, I note, is a matter of contractual analysis, a quintessential
exercise of law. Lastly, I also note that Defendants here have filed a related action
in the Superior Court, to which this action, if transferred, may presumably be joined.
Accordingly, I find that Plaintiffs have an adequate remedy at law and that
equitable jurisdiction is lacking.11 The complaint is therefore dismissed in its
entirety with leave to transfer subject to 10 Del. C. § 1902. An order is attached.
Sincerely,
/s/ Sam Glasscock III
Vice Chancellor
11
Accord Elavon, Inc., 2022 WL 667075, at *3.
4
IN THE COURT OF CHANCERY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
ISS FACILITY SERVICES, INC., ISS )
C&S BUILDING MAINTENTANCE )
CORPORATION, ISS TMC SERVICES, )
INC., and ISS FACILITY SERVICES )
CALIFORNIA, INC. )
) C.A. No. 2022-1197-SG
)
Plaintiffs, )
)
v. )
)
JANCO FS 2, LLC; and JANCO FS 3, )
LLC, )
Defendants.
ORDER DISMISSING THE COMPLAINT WITH LEAVE TO TRANSFER
AND NOW, this Tuesday, June 20, 2023, upon review of Plaintiffs’
Verified Complaint for Breach of Contract and Declaratory Relief (the
“Complaint”), together with the Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss and the briefing
thereon, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the Complaint is DISMISSED in its
entirety with leave to transfer subject to 10 Del. C. § 1902.
/s/ Sam Glasscock III
Vice Chancellor