Acme Energy Services, Inc. D/B/A Big Dog Drilling v. Sandra H. Staley, Individually as Independent of the Estate of George G. Staley, and as Trustee of the Tax Free Trust for Sandra H. Staley , 569 S.W.3d 841 ( 2019 )


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  •                                    COURT OF APPEALS
    EIGHTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS
    EL PASO, TEXAS
    ACME ENERGY SERVICES, INC. d/b/a                §
    BIG DOG DRILLING,                                               No. 08-17-00145-CV
    §
    Appellant,                                  Appeal from the
    §
    v.                                                               109th District Court
    §
    SANDRA H. STALEY, INDIVIDUALLY                                of Winkler County, Texas
    AS INDEPENDENT EXECUTRIX OF                     §
    THE ESTATE OF GEORGE G. STALEY,                                    (TC# 15,681–B)
    DECEASED, AND AS TRUSTEE OF                     §
    THE TAX FREE TRUST FOR SANDRA
    H. STALEY,                                      §
    Appellee.                §
    OPINION
    Big Dog Drilling appeals the judgment of the trial court holding its lien on an oil-and-gas
    lease had been extinguished by a prior agreement. In Issues One, Two, and Three, Big Dog
    contends the trial court (1) erred by holding there is no debt owed to Big Dog for the Invoices; (2)
    erred in finding that no debt is owed on the Invoices; and (3) erred in finding the lien claimed by
    Big Dog had been extinguished. In Issues Four, Five, and Six, Big Dog contends the trial court
    (4) erred in holding that because the lien had been extinguished, Big Dog could not prevail on its
    claims; (5) erred in holding it would not be equitable and just for the trial court to award Big Dog
    attorney’s fees; and (6) erred in holding Big Dog is not entitled to recover attorney’s fees. 1 We
    affirm.
    BACKGROUND
    This consolidated case is about an oil-and-gas contractor who went belly up and the
    subcontractors who are seeking to satisfy invoiced obligations not fully paid in the contractor’s
    bankruptcy.         The somewhat convoluted facts are as follows.                     In 2008, Endeavor Energy
    Resources, L.P, Big Dog Drilling, and Rig Movers Express performed oil-and-gas-related work
    on a well known as the A.G. Hill No. 1 Well. The well was located on mineral leases in Winkler
    County, Texas, known as the Section 6 Leases, and were at the time one-hundred percent owned
    by Heritage Consolidated Services and Heritage Standard Corporation. Heritage contracted with
    Lakehills Productions to provide materials and services on the A.G. Hill No. 1 Well, and Lakehills
    hired Endeavor, Big Dog, and Rig Movers as subcontractors. The Subcontractors performed the
    work as required and invoiced Lakehills for payment.                        But Heritage had stopped making
    payments to Lakehills, and Lakehills in turn did not pay the Subcontractors for their work. On
    December 23, 2008, the Subcontractors recorded statutory mineral property liens against Heritage
    and its ownership in the leases and the well, collectively covering $1,178,294.71 in amounts
    invoiced to Lakehills. 2 In July 2009, having still not received payment on the invoices, the
    1
    In Big Dog’s reply brief, for the first time, it contends a joint operating agreement entered into between Staley and
    Heritage provided for several liability, and therefore Staley owes his proportionate share of the cost of developing
    and operating the contract area.
    2
    The lien affidavit reads, in relevant part:
    Claimant having furnished and hauled materials, machinery or supplies and/or performed
    labor, work and services for and in connection with the drilling, operating, completing, maintaining,
    equipping, or repairing of one or more oil and/or gas wells situated on the oil, gas, and mineral
    leasehold estate(s) hereinafter described, makes this Affidavit pursuant to § 56.001 et seq of the
    TEXAS PROPERTY CODE for the purpose of perfecting a lien upon the oil, gas, and mineral
    2
    Subcontractors filed separate suits to foreclose the liens, order a judicial sale of the well and the
    leases, and find Heritage jointly and severally liable for paying the invoiced amounts.
    But before the Subcontractors filed their foreclosure suits, a separate dispute had arisen
    over an agreement involving the Section 6 Leases between Heritage and three other parties: Jeff
    Ragland, Dennis Rosini, and George G. Staley. Staley was a well-regarded geologist who had
    been hired by Heritage to overcome operational problems with the well and make it produce in
    leasehold(s) described, including all property thereon as provided in § 56.003 of the TEXAS
    PROPERTY CODE to secure the amount of Claimant’s claim.
    Heritage Standard Corporation whose address is 2911 Turtle Creek Blvd, Ste. 850, Dallas
    75219, and/or Heritage Consolidated, LLC whose address is 2911 Turtle Creek Blvd, Ste. 850,
    Dallas 75219, is the owner or reputed owner of an interest in the following oil and gas lease(s)
    and/or oil, gas, and mineral leases(s) [sic]:
    .      .       .
    [LEGAL DESCRIPTIONS OF LEASES INCLUDING SUBJECT PROPERTY]
    Under a contract with Lakehills Production, Inc., which was acting as a contract operator
    or agent for Heritage Standard Corporation, Claimant did furnish materials, machinery, or supplies
    and/or perform labor and services on or about the dates from May 12, 2008 through July 18, 2008,
    for and in connection with the drilling, operating, completing, maintaining or repairing of one or
    more oil and/or gas wells owned or reputedly owned and/or operated by Heritage Standard
    Corporation, said well(s) being known as the A.G. Hill No. 1 Well located in Section 6, Block 74,
    PSL Survey, Winkler County, Texas.
    .          .          .
    Claimant timely served written notice that the lien is claimed on the interests of Heritage
    Standard Corporation and Heritage Consolidated, LLC.
    The true and correct amount claimed by Claimant is Eight Hundred Sixty-two Thousand
    Seven Hundred Twenty-five and 85/100 Dollars, ($862,725.85), and said amount is just and
    reasonable, due and unpaid, and all just and lawful payments, offsets, and credits have been allowed.
    . . . This lien claim for the amount stated above is upon the oil, gas, and mineral leasehold(s), any
    well or wells locate [sic] thereon, with all personal property, equipment, buildings, appurtenances,
    pipelines, right-of-ways, etc. located thereon and used or obtained in connection therewith and other
    items of property . . . .
    .          .          .
    Executed the 23rd day of December, 2008.
    3
    paying quantities, for which he would receive an interest. In June 2009, as part of a settlement
    agreement, Heritage assigned working interests in the leases and well to the parties, with Staley
    receiving a 17.75 percent interest and Rosini and Ragland each receiving respective one-percent
    interests. Rosini and Ragland subsequently assigned their one-percent interests to Staley, leaving
    Staley with a 19.75 percent interest in the Heritage leases. Because the liens had been filed before
    these assignments were made, Staley took the assignments subject to the liens, but Staley never
    personally assumed an obligation to pay the invoices.
    The Subcontractors’ suits to foreclose their liens against Heritage proceeded, and Staley
    and the others were added as Heritage’s successors in interest.        More than a year later in
    September 2010, while those suits were still pending, Heritage filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
    The state trial court severed out the Subcontractors claims against Heritage to allow them to
    continue to pursue their claims against the remaining defendants in state court.
    Now proceeding in bankruptcy court, the Subcontractors filed proofs of claim to recover
    the invoiced amounts from Heritage. They also jointly filed an adversary proceeding in the
    bankruptcy court regarding the priority, and validity, of their respective debts and liens. Heritage
    moved for summary judgment in the adversary proceeding, claiming it did not owe the invoiced
    amounts and that the Subcontractors’ liens were invalid. The bankruptcy court agreed and
    granted summary judgment in favor of Heritage on all claims, and its decision was affirmed on
    appeal to the federal district court.
    The Fifth Circuit reversed, finding a fact question existed regarding whether Heritage owed
    the debt to the Subcontractors, and the case was remanded to the bankruptcy court for a
    determination of the validity of the debts. In June 2015, Heritage and the Subcontractors reached
    4
    a settlement agreement to dismiss the adversary proceedings. This agreement provided that
    Heritage would acknowledge its liability for the debts, and the total amount owed to the
    Subcontractors would be reduced to a stipulated amount of $1,493,628.21, which represented the
    original invoiced amounts plus fifty percent of their prepetition interest and attorney’s fees. It
    also provided that $300,000 of the Stipulated Amount would be an allowed secured claim in
    Heritage’s bankruptcy, thus ensuring its payment, and the remaining $1,193,628.21 owed would
    be classified as a general unsecured claim. Paragraph seven of the agreement provided as follows:
    7.      Upon approval of this Stipulation, the parties agree that a dismissal with
    prejudice shall be filed in the Adversary Proceeding, with each party bearing their
    own costs and attorneys’ fees and further agree that, other than the continued
    indebtedness of the Stipulated Amount under the terms of this Stipulation, Heritage
    and the Trustee on the one hand, and Endeavor and Acme on the other, release each
    other and their respective counsel, agents, subsidiaries, and affiliates from all
    claims, causes of action, rights, demands, actions, costs, judgments, expenses,
    damages and liabilities whatsoever, at law or in equity, whether known or unknown,
    that arise out of or relate to the facts and circumstances made the basis of the
    Adversary Proceeding, or that were or could have been asserted in the Adversary
    Proceeding and/or the Proofs of Claim. In that regard, Endeavor and Acme
    acknowledge and agree that their recovery hereunder shall be in full and final
    satisfaction of their putative claims and liens against any interests of Heritage
    and/or the Trust in Section 6 Assets, and they shall not assert or enforce any claims
    and liens against any such interests, including, without limitation, any interest
    currently attributed to Trius in Section 6 Assets and/or recovered by the Trust
    through enforcement of claims against Trius in Section 6 Assets. This release is
    not intended to release any claims or liens owned or held by Endeavor or Acme
    against George Staley, J.R. Operating Company, Dennis Rosini and their
    successors and assigns.
    The bankruptcy court approved this settlement in August 2015, and the Subcontractors received
    payment from Heritage in accordance with the Stipulation.
    The Subcontractors then returned to state court to attempt to foreclose on the interest held
    by Staley, who by this point had passed away and had left the interest to his wife, Sandra H. Staley,
    and to recover attorney’s fees. The trial court consolidated the Subcontractors’ suits and a bench
    5
    trial was held in March 2017 on partially stipulated facts. The parties stipulated that Staley was
    not personally liable for the debts on the invoiced amounts and that the Subcontractors were only
    seeking a judgment to foreclose the liens as to Staley’s interest in the well. At trial, Staley asserted
    the liens had been extinguished because the underlying debt had been extinguished—that the
    Subcontractors had expressly released the underlying debt of the invoiced amounts owed by
    Heritage in exchange for a priority interest in the bankruptcy proceeding and an allowance of the
    remaining balance as an unsecured claim, which Heritage had otherwise contested it owed. Staley
    contended the only claim reserved against her and her late husband’s estate by the release was a
    claim for unjust enrichment, and because no lien existed against Staley the line reserving a lien
    against him was without effect. The Subcontractors in turn argued the Stipulation was not a
    release of the underlying debt of the invoiced amounts but merely an agreement to priority status
    in the bankruptcy. At trial, the Subcontractors orally agreed to withdraw their claim for unjust
    enrichment, which was their only claim against Staley personally. The trial court held in favor of
    Staley, finding no debt was owed to the Subcontractors on the invoiced amounts due to the
    Stipulation Agreement in the bankruptcy. Because no debt was owed to the Subcontractors on
    the invoiced amounts, the court concluded the lien was extinguished and the plaintiffs could not
    succeed on their claims and foreclose on Staley’s interest. It also concluded that because the
    Subcontractors could not succeed on their claims, they were not entitled to attorney’s fees. This
    appeal followed.
    DISCUSSION
    The Underlying Debt and the Stipulation
    In Issues One, Two, and Three, Big Dog contends the trial court erred in concluding the
    6
    debts of the Invoiced Amounts were no longer owed because the underlying debt and lien were
    extinguished by the bankruptcy stipulation.
    Standard of Review
    Big Dog frames the first three issues as legal and factual sufficiency challenges to the trial
    court’s findings on the effect of the settlement agreement on the underlying debt and its lien on
    the mineral lease. But the construction of an unambiguous contract is a question of law, which is
    reviewed de novo on appeal. Anderson Energy Corporation v. Dominion Oklahoma Texas
    Exploration & Production, Inc., 
    469 S.W.3d 280
    , 287 (Tex.App.—San Antonio 2015, no
    pet.)(citing MCI Telecomms. Corp. v. Tex. Utils. Elec. Co., 
    995 S.W.2d 647
    , 650–51 (Tex. 1999)).
    A contract is unambiguous if, as worded, it can be given a clear and definite legal meaning so that
    it can be construed as a matter of law. Id., (citing Gilbert Tex. Contr., L.P. v. Underwriters at
    Lloyd’s London, 
    327 S.W.3d 118
    , 133 (Tex. 2010)); see also Columbia Gas Transmission Corp.
    v. New Ulm Gas, Ltd., 
    940 S.W.2d 587
    , 589 (Tex. 1996)(“An ambiguity does not arise simply
    because the parties advance conflicting interpretations of the contract.”). A contract is ambiguous
    if it is subject to more than one reasonable interpretation after applying the relevant rules of
    construction. In re D. Wilson Const. Co., 
    196 S.W.3d 774
    , 781 (Tex. 2006). We construe Big
    Dog’s contention to be an attack on the trial court’s construction of an unambiguous contract. A
    reviewing court’s primary duty when construing an unambiguous contract is to give effect to the
    written expression of the parties’ intent. Forbau v. Aetna Life Ins. Co., 
    876 S.W.2d 132
    , 133
    (Tex. 1994). Each part of the contract should be given effect. Id.
    Applicable Law
    The purpose of Section 56 of the Property Code is not only to give a lien to a party who
    7
    furnishes materials, supplies, or labor, but also to put third parties who may want to acquire an
    interest in the properties at issue on notice of a claim for debt and a lien to secure that debt. Simon
    v. Post Oak Oil Co., 
    153 S.W.2d 1002
    , 1005 (Tex.App.—Fort Worth 1941), rev’d on other
    grounds, Oil Field Salvage Co. v. Simon, 
    168 S.W.2d 848
     (Tex. 1943). When a party acquires a
    percentage interest in an oil and gas lease after the interest has been burdened with a materialman’s
    lien, he takes that interest subject to the lien, and the lien can be foreclosed against his interest
    even after the prior interest holder’s lien has been foreclosed upon in a separate action provided a
    deficiency remains after the prior foreclosure proceeding. Bancroft v. Welch, 
    258 S.W.2d 406
    ,
    408 (Tex.App.—Eastland 1953, no pet.)(owner of a one-tenth interest in an oil and gas lease, who
    had acquired his interest after attachment of a materialman’s lien, was not made a party to a
    foreclosure proceeding against the original owner where a recovery was made, but the lien was
    allowed to subsequently be enforced against the one-tenth owner despite the recovery because a
    deficiency existed). To successfully foreclose on a materialman’s lien, the lienholder must prove
    that it performed the labor or furnished the materials and that the debt is valid. Crawford Services,
    Inc. v. Skillman Intern. Firm., L.L.C., 
    444 S.W.3d 265
    , 268 (Tex.App.—Dallas 2014, pet. dism’d).
    No lien can exist to secure payment of items that have been paid, and the satisfaction of a debt
    automatically extinguishes a lien securing that debt. Jarvis v. K & E Re One, LLC, 
    390 S.W.3d 631
    , 642 (Tex.App.—Dallas 2012, no pet.)(citing Perkins v. Sterne, 
    23 Tex. 561
    , 563 (1859));
    Clayton v. Bridgeport Mach. Co., 
    33 S.W.2d 787
    , 789 (Tex.Civ.App.—Eastland 1930, writ ref’d).
    An accord and satisfaction is a new contract, express or implied, in which the parties agree
    to the complete discharge of an existing obligation in a manner other than originally agreed upon.
    Trevor Rees-Jones, Tr. For Atkins Petroleum Corp. v. Trevor Rees-Jones, Tr. for Apache Services,
    8
    Inc., 
    799 S.W.2d 463
    , 468 (Tex.App.—El Paso 1990, writ denied)(citing Harris v. Rowe, 
    593 S.W.2d 303
    , 306 (Tex. 1979)). The parties must mutually intend that payment of the new amount
    will amount to full satisfaction of the existing claim. Id., (citing Dahlstrom Corporation v.
    Martin, 
    582 S.W.2d 159
    , 164 (Tex.Civ.App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1979, writ ref’d n.r.e.)).
    Absent such clear intent, the taking of some type of security for the payment of an existing
    obligation does not discharge the debtor from an action to recover under the original contract and
    does not discharge the lien arising from it. Id., (citing Keystone Pipe & Supply Co. v. Wright, 
    37 S.W.2d 227
    , 230 (Tex.Civ.App.—Fort Worth 1931, writ dism’d)). Similarly, a release is a
    writing providing that an obligation owed to one party is discharged immediately or on the
    occurrence of a condition. In re OSG Ship Mgmt., Inc., 
    514 S.W.3d 331
    , 344 (Tex.App.—
    Houston [14th Dist.] 2016, no pet.). A valid release extinguishes a claim and bars recovery on
    the released matter. Id.
    In Atkins Petroleum Corp., our Court faced similar arguments to those raised in the present
    case. Atkins Petroleum Corp., 799 S.W.2d at 463. There, appellants appealed a summary
    judgment entered for lien claimants against appellants’ mineral leases, the liens having been filed
    to secure services rendered and equipment furnished in the drilling of oil-and-gas wells. Id., at
    464. Atkins Petroleum Corporation, the lease operator, owned a one-hundred percent working
    interest in the oil-and-gas leases at the time it contracted with the lien claimants. Id., at 465.
    After contracting with the lien claimants, Atkins assigned fractional ownership interests to
    appellants pursuant to prior letter agreements. Id. Subsequently, Atkins stopped making timely
    payments for the work done and the lien claimants filed their lien affidavits and attempted to
    foreclose on the liens. Id. Atkins entered a settlement agreement with the lien claimants in
    9
    which Atkins assigned its remaining interest in the leases to the lien claimants and provided for a
    cash payment in exchange for the lien claimants not enforcing judgment against Atkins for the
    debts it owed for the work performed. Id., at 467. A separate suit was then filed by the lien
    claimants to foreclose the liens as to the interests held by appellants for the remaining balance of
    the debt.   Id., at 467.    The appellants argued the trial court improperly granted summary
    judgment against them because they were only partial successors-in-interest and the settlement
    agreement between the lien claimants and Atkins was an accord and satisfaction that extinguished
    the underlying debt and liens. Id., at 467–68. In reaching our decision, we emphasized the well-
    established rule that it must be the mutual intent of the parties that payment of a new amount will
    amount to a full satisfaction of the existing claim. Id., at 468. We held the record did not reflect
    any intention to extinguish or release the liens of record because the agreement itself stated the
    lien creditors only obligated themselves to dismiss any pending suit against Atkins without
    prejudice and to assign their indebtedness and liens to a trust, with the intent that the trustee would
    pursue foreclosure of the liens. Id., at 468. Because the debt and liens were expressly reserved
    with the intent they be pursued by the trustee, we held it could not have been the mutual intent of
    the parties that the underlying debt be extinguished in exchange for the security payment and
    assignment by Atkins. Id. We also acknowledged that while a payment can be consideration for
    an accord and satisfaction to discharge an existing debt, the agreement established, by its terms,
    that there was no accord and satisfaction. Id.
    Analysis
    Here, Big Dog asserts the Stipulation only extinguished Heritage’s personal liability to pay
    the debt but left the underlying debt of the Invoiced Amounts intact against the property. Citing
    10
    Atkins, Big Dog contends the Stipulation did not contain express language releasing the lien or
    underlying indebtedness, and therefore the debts could not have been extinguished. Alternatively,
    Big Dog contends the language in paragraph seven specifically reserving their “claims and liens”
    against George Staley establishes that it was not the mutual intent of the parties to release the
    underlying debt. Big Dog also points to a line in the Stipulation reserving “the continuing
    indebtedness of the Stipulated Amount,” to show the debt of the Invoiced Amounts was not
    intended to be extinguished.
    The present case is distinguishable from Atkins. In Atkins, the agreement reached by the
    corporation and lien claimants provided that a judgment would not be enforced against the
    corporation, dismissed the pending suit without prejudice, and expressly stated ownership of the
    debt and liens would be transferred to a trustee who would seek to foreclose the liens. Atkins
    Petroleum Corp., 799 S.W.2d at 467. But here, the language of the Stipulation expressly releases
    not only the underlying debt owed by Heritage but the lien against Heritage as well. The
    Stipulation states Big Dog’s “recovery”—Heritage’s acknowledgment of the debt’s validity, the
    priority status in bankruptcy of part of the Stipulated Amount, and the rest of the Stipulated
    Amount as an unsecured claim—would “be in full and final satisfaction of their putative claims
    and liens against any interests of Heritage and/or the Trust in [Section 6 leases and A.G. Hill No.
    1 Well] . . . .” The Stipulation also stated each side released the other from all claims whatsoever
    “that arise out of or relate to the facts and circumstances made the basis of the Adversary
    Proceeding, or that were or could have been asserted in the Adversary Proceeding and/or the Proofs
    of Claim.” This is the type of language we acknowledged in Atkins would demonstrate a mutual
    intent to discharge a debt by accord and satisfaction. Id., at 468. While Big Dog contends the
    11
    language reserving “claims and liens” held against Staley preserves the debt and lien, the only lien
    on record is against Heritage for the debt of the Invoiced Amounts, which was specifically reduced
    to the Stipulated Amount by the terms of the Stipulation. If Staley had received his interest in the
    well prior to the perfection of the mechanic’s lien, and if the lien affidavit had been perfected as
    to both Heritage and Staley, then perhaps Big Dog could argue severance and have reserved a right
    to proceed separately against Staley’s interest after settling with Heritage in bankruptcy court.
    Instead, the Stipulated Amount was given partial priority in the bankruptcy, thus ensuring payment
    by Heritage of at least some part of that amount, in exchange for “full and final satisfaction” of
    their claims and liens against Heritage. Thus, by its terms, the Stipulation was an accord and
    satisfaction because it was the mutual intent of the parties “that payment of the new amount will
    amount to full satisfaction of the existing claim.” Adkins Petroleum Corp., 799 S.W.2d at 468.
    Big Dog contends that our decision in Atkins requires us to presume the lien holder did
    whatever was to the lien holder’s advantage, and it would not be to Big Dog’s advantage to release
    the entire debt for only a fraction of what it was owed. But this is a misreading of Atkins. There,
    we held the issue of whether a merger of the estates extinguished the debt and liens was controlled
    by the intention of the lienholder, as he has the election to keep it alive, and in case of ambiguity
    as to his intent it would be presumed he intended whatever was to his advantage. See Atkins
    Petroleum Corp., 799 S.W.2d at 468 (citing 50 Tex.Jur.3d Liens, § 28 (1986)). The issue of
    merger is not contended here.3
    3
    As to Big Dog’s contention the Stipulation was without advantage for it, without speculating on the motives of Big
    Dog, we note two significant benefits accrued to it from the Stipulation Agreement: (1) Heritage acknowledged its
    liability to pay the debt, an issue that had been litigated for six years and was still being contested at the time of the
    negotiated agreement; and (2) Big Dog received a priority payment in the bankruptcy of part of the Stipulated
    Amount and the remainder was given status as an unsecured claim.
    12
    Big Dog further asserts their lien rights could not be affected by a subsequent agreement,
    citing the Fifth Circuit’s holding in the case involving Heritage’s bankruptcy, where that court
    interpreted Texas law and our holding in Atkins. Big Dog asserts the court there held that a
    subsequent agreement cannot alter or change a lien holder’s rights, and therefore nothing in the
    Stipulation could affect Big Dog’s lien. This is, however, a misreading of the Fifth Circuit’s
    reasoning. The passage cited by Big Dog from that case dealt with whether the Subcontractors’
    status as subcontractors could be affected by a subsequent agreement between the main contractor
    and other interest holders, a point that was relevant to their ability to enforce a lien against Heritage
    under Section 56 of the Property Code. In re Heritage Consol., L.L.C., 
    765 F.3d 507
    , 515–16
    (5th Cir. 2014). The Fifth Circuit held the subsequent agreement did not affect their status as
    subcontractors, quoting our decision in Atkins that the lien claimants’ status cannot be converted
    “by another contract to which they are not privy.” Id., at 516 (quoting Atkins Petroleum Corp.,
    799 S.W.2d at 465–66). By contrast, Big Dog was a party to the agreement here, and its status as
    a lien holder can be changed by an accord and satisfaction because Texas law provides that
    satisfaction of a debt automatically extinguishes a lien securing that debt. Jarvis, 390 S.W.3d at
    642; Clayton, 33 S.W.2d at 789.
    Finally, Big Dog also asserts liens pass through bankruptcy unaffected by discharge, and
    therefore, any agreement between it and Heritage in the bankruptcy could not have affected the
    lien. Indeed, liens do pass through bankruptcy under certain circumstances, as when they are not
    provided for and paid in full under a confirmed plan or are not extinguished by operation of Section
    506(d) of the Bankruptcy Code. In re Kleibrink, 
    346 B.R. 734
    , 748 (Bankr. N.D. Tex. 2006),
    aff’d, 3:07-CV-0088-K, 
    2007 WL 2438359
     (N.D. Tex. Aug. 28, 2007), aff’d, 
    621 F.3d 370
     (5th
    13
    Cir. 2010). But here, as we have already noted, the Stipulation provided that the acceptance of
    liability by Heritage and the granting of the priority status of part of the Stipulated Amount would
    “be in full and final satisfaction of their putative claims and liens against any interests of Heritage
    . . . .” A secured-lien holder in bankruptcy can consent to the discharge of his lien via agreement
    and secured-lien holders commonly do so. Matter of Penrod, 
    50 F.3d 459
    , 462–63 (7th Cir.
    1995)(“[S]ecured creditors commonly give up their preexisting liens for other interests in the
    reorganized firm.”).
    Accordingly, because Big Dog’s debt was extinguished via the Stipulation, the trial court
    did not err in concluding Big Dog could not foreclose on its putative lien against Staley’s interest.
    Issues One, Two, and Three are overruled.
    Several Liability
    In its reply brief, Big Dog raises a new issue in which it contends a joint operating
    agreement entered into between Staley and Heritage provided for several liability, and therefore
    Staley owes his proportionate share of the cost of developing and operating the contract area. A
    reply brief may not be utilized to present issues to the court that were not presented in the original
    brief. Fox v. City of El Paso, 
    292 S.W.3d 247
    , 249 (Tex.App.—El Paso 2009, pet. denied)(citing
    TEX.R.APP.P. 38.3). Accordingly, this issue is overruled.
    Attorney’s Fees Under Section 53.146
    In Issues Four, Five, and Six, Big Dog contends the trial court erred by refusing to award
    it reasonable attorney’s fees. The trial court concluded, “It would not be equitable and just for
    the Court to award attorneys’ fees to Plaintiff when Plaintiff has failed to prevail on its claims.”
    Section 53.156 of the Texas Property Code requires a court to award costs and attorney’s fees in
    14
    an action to foreclose a lien as it deems “are equitable and just.” TEX.PROP.CODE ANN. § 53.156.
    Awarding fees in an equitable and just way is a matter squarely within the trial court’s discretion.
    Bocquet v. Herring, 
    972 S.W.2d 19
    , 21 (Tex. 1998). Moreover, the statute by its terms makes the
    award of attorney’s fees discretionary and not automatic, even to a prevailing party. World Help
    v. Leisure Lifestyles, Inc., 
    977 S.W.2d 662
    , 685 (Tex.App.—Fort Worth 1998, pet. denied); Texas
    Const. Associates, Inc. v. Balli, 
    558 S.W.2d 513
    , 522 (Tex.Civ.App.—Corpus Christi 1977, no
    pet.). Accordingly, the trial court did not err in denying Big Dog attorney’s fees. Big Dog’s
    fourth, fifth, and sixth issues are overruled.
    CONCLUSION
    Having overruled Issues One through Six, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
    February 22, 2019
    YVONNE T. RODRIGUEZ, Justice
    Before Rodriguez, J., Palafox, J., and Larsen, Senior Judge
    Larsen, Senior Judge (Sitting by Assignment)
    15