In re Marriage of Salvetiu , 2023 IL App (1st) 211162-U ( 2023 )

2023 IL App (1st) 211162-UNo. 1-21-1162
Second Division
March 14, 2023
NOTICE: This order was filed under Supreme Court Rule 23 and is not precedent except in the
limited circumstances allowed under Rule 23(e)(1).
____________________________________________________________________________
IN THE
APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS
FIRST DISTRICT
____________________________________________________________________________
) Appeal from the
In re MARRIAGE OF: ) Circuit Court of
) Cook County.
GELU SALVETIU, )
)
Petitioner-Appellant, ) No. 18 D 3513
)
and )
)
SIMONA SALVETIU, ) Honorable
) Naomi Schuster,
Respondent-Appellee. ) Judge, presiding.
____________________________________________________________________________
JUSTICE COBBS delivered the judgment of the court.
Presiding Justice Fitzgerald Smith and Justice Ellis concurred in the judgment.
ORDER
¶1 Held: The trial court’s dissolution of marriage judgment awarding maintenance was not
void for lack of jurisdiction and is presumed proper where petitioner failed to file
complete record on appeal.
¶2 Petitioner-appellant Gelu Salvetiu (Gelu) appeals from the trial court’s May 17, 2021
dissolution of marriage judgment (dissolution judgment). In the order, the trial court awarded
respondent-appellee Simona Salvetiu (Simona) with 164 months of maintenance payments in the
No. 1-21-1162
amount of $890 per month. On appeal, Gelu argues that the trial court’s judgment as to
maintenance was void for lack of jurisdiction and, in the alternative, the trial court abused its
discretion in its award of maintenance. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
¶3 I. BACKGROUND
¶4 Preliminarily, we note that no report of proceedings nor an acceptable substitute was filed
in this appeal. See Ill. S. Ct. R. 321 (eff. Feb. 1, 1994); Ill. S. Ct. R. 323 (eff. July 1, 2017). We
further note, as we much too frequently must, the burden is on the appellant to provide a complete
record on appeal. Foutch v. O’Bryant, 99 Ill. 2d 389-391-92 (1984). Any doubt arising from the
incompleteness will be resolved against the appellant. Id. at 392. We indicate in this section where
relevant transcripts were not provided.
¶5 Gelu and Simona were married on September 6, 2003, in Craiova, Romania. They have
one child together, Diana (born April 18, 2007). On April 23, 2018, Simona relocated to Romania.
¶6 On April 30, 2018, Gelu filed a petition for dissolution of marriage, requesting that parental
responsibilities of Diana be allocated solely to him (Gelu). Attached to the petition was a
declaration document signed by both parties, in which Simona agreed to give Gelu sole custody
of Diana. On June 5, 2018, Simona was served by a special process server. Her attorney
subsequently filed an appearance, and Simona returned to the United States, attempting to
reconcile with Gelu. Gelu motioned to voluntarily dismiss the petition, which the court granted on
July 18, 2018.
¶7 On September 1, 2018, Simona took Diana to Romania. Subsequently, Gelu discovered
that Simona had filed and was pursuing a divorce action in Romania.
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¶8 On September 26, 2018, Gelu filed a petition to vacate the dismissal order and reinstate the
action. On March 11, 2019, following an evidentiary hearing, the court granted Gelu’s motion to
vacate and reinstated the action, finding that Simona had engaged in material misrepresentation. 1
¶9 The parties then filed a number of motions related to the allocation of parental rights,
temporary child support, and Diana’s place of residence. A hearing was held in November 2020. 2
On December 3, 2020, the court entered a parenting allocution judgment, awarding Simona sole
decision-making power for Diana and allowing Diana to reside primarily with Simona in Romania.
¶ 10 According to the record, a number of status hearings followed, although we do not have
transcripts from those hearings.
¶ 11 Later, the court entered an order setting the matter for trial on March 31, 2021, “on the
issues of property disposition, maintenance, child support, and responsibility for college expenses
of the minor child.”
¶ 12 According to Gelu’s brief, a trial was held on March 31, 2021. However, there is no
transcript or acceptable substitute in the record regarding this proceeding. On the day of trial, the
court entered an order directing the parties to submit proposed draft judgments “[c]ontaining
proposed findings of fact and proposed adjudication on the merits.”
¶ 13 On May 17, 2021, the trial court entered the dissolution judgment. Therein, the court
ordered, inter alia, that Gelu make maintenance payments to Simona in the amount of $890 per
month for a term of 164 months.
1
The transcript from this hearing was included in the record as an exhibit to one of Simona’s
motions.
2
The transcript for this hearing does not appear in the record.
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¶ 14 On June 16, 2021, Gelu filed a motion to vacate, modify, or reconsider the dissolution
judgment, in which he challenged the trial court’s maintenance award. In particular, he asserted
that the trial court did not consider all of the necessary statutory factors, the judgment contained
mathematical errors, and Simona failed to satisfy her burden of proof. Gelu also argued that the
judgment is void at least as to the maintenance award because Simona never filed a pleading
requesting spousal support. In response to that argument, Simona asserted that the Illinois Marriage
and Dissolution of Marriage Act (the Act) confers upon the trial court jurisdiction over the action
and “the issue of maintenance is, per statute, a justiciable issue in an action for dissolution of
marriage.”
¶ 15 On August 17, 2021, the trial court denied Gelu’s motion, and Gelu timely filed this appeal.
¶ 16 We note that Simona failed to file a responsive brief. On November 21, 2022, this court
entered an order taking the case on the record and appellant’s brief only. Thus, we consider
appellant’s appeal without the benefit of appellee’s brief. See First Capitol Mortgage Corp. v.
Talandis Construction Corp., 63 Ill. 2d 128, 133 (1976).
¶ 17 II. ANALYSIS
¶ 18 Gelu first argues that the dissolution judgment is void in regards to the maintenance award.
He asserts that during the three years of litigation in this action, Simona never filed a pleading
requesting spousal support and therefore the court was without jurisdiction to award maintenance.
For support, he relies on In re Marriage of Fox, 191 Ill. App. 3d 514 (1989), and Suriano v.
Lafeber, 386 Ill. App. 3d 490 (2008).
¶ 19 Circuit courts have “original jurisdiction of all justiciable matters” with only limited
exceptions.” Ill. Const. 1970, art. VI, § 9. A “justiciable matter” is “a controversy appropriate for
review by the court, in that it is definite and concrete, as opposed to hypothetical or moot, touching
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No. 1-21-1162
upon the legal relations of parties having adverse legal interests.” Belleville Toyota, Inc. v. Toyota
Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc., 325, 335 (2002). The court’s authority to exercise its jurisdiction is
invoked through the filing of a complaint or petition, which frames the issues for the trial court
and defines the relief the court is empowered to order. Ligon v. Williams, 264 Ill. App. 3d 701, 707
(1994). “[W]here no justiciable issue is presented to the court through proper pleadings, the court
cannot adjudicate the issue sua sponte.” Id. If jurisdiction is lacking, any subsequent judgment or
order is rendered void and may be attacked directly or collaterally at any time. LVNV Funding,
LLC v. Trice, 2015 IL 116129, ¶ 38. Whether a circuit court has subject matter jurisdiction presents
a question of law subject to de novo review. McCormick v. Robertson, 2015 IL 118230, ¶ 18.
¶ 20 We reject Gelu’s argument for two reasons. First, the trial court did not exceed its authority
in awarding maintenance. “The authority of a circuit court to act in dissolution of marriage cases
is conferred only by statute.” In re Marriage of Rhodes, 326 Ill. App. 3d 386, 388 (2001). An
award of maintenance upon the filing of a petition for dissolution of marriage is statutorily
authorized under two separate provisions of the Act (750 ILCS 5/401(b), 504(a) (West 2020)).
Section 401(b) requires that, prior to entering a judgment for dissolution of marriage, the trial court
must consider, approve, reserve, or make provision for “the allocation of parental responsibilities,
the support of any child of the marriage entitled to support, the maintenance of either spouse and
the disposition of property.” 750 ILCS 5/401(b) (West 2020). Section 504(a) additionally provides:
“In a proceeding for dissolution of marriage, *** the court may grant a maintenance award for
either spouse in amounts and for periods of time as the court deems just[.]” 750 ILCS 5/504(a)
(West 2020). We further point out that there is no explicit requirement under the Act for a separate
and individual petition for maintenance, not to be confused with a petition for modification of
maintenance, which is distinct.
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¶ 21 We find In re Marriage of Hochleutner, 260 Ill. App. 3d 684 (1994), instructive here.
There, the petitioner’s petition for dissolution of marriage requested that the respondent be barred
from any maintenance and also “for such other and further or different relief the Court may deem
just.” Id. at 685. Following a hearing, the trial court awarded maintenance to the respondent. Id. at
688. On appeal, the petitioner claimed that, because the respondent did not request maintenance,
the issue was never raised, and he did not have notice to challenge such an award, the trial court
exceeded its authority in granting maintenance. Id. at 689.
¶ 22 This court, in noting that the Act authorizes a trial court to award maintenance, held that
the petitioner’s failure to request maintenance “did not divest the trial court of its statutory
jurisdiction to award maintenance where the issue was raised in the petition for dissolution, the
parties were properly before the court, and an evidentiary hearing was conducted on the matter.”
Id. at 689-90. The court further pointed out that the petition contained a general prayer for relief,
evidence was presented at the hearing on the parties’ incomes, financial resources, and their
financial needs, and a specific pleading was not required under the circumstances. Id. at 690-91.
Finally, the court stated: “In a marriage dissolution proceeding, where the statute authorizes an
award of maintenance under just or equitable terms, all that is required to sustain the award is that
the recipient be entitled to it and the award be equitable.” Id. at 691.
¶ 23 We recognize that, contrary to Hochleutner, neither Gelu’s petition nor Simona’s answer
expressly requested a ruling on maintenance. However, Illinois courts have long recognized that a
court’s judgment may be upheld if there was a general prayer for relief and the judgment was
supported by the evidence. Id. at 689 (citing Doyle v. Doyle, 268 Ill. 96, 102 (1915)). Both parties
here included a general request for any other relief that the court deemed just and equitable or
appropriate under the circumstances. Additionally, as shown above, maintenance is clearly within
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the statutory bounds of relief a court may grant during dissolution of marriage proceedings. As
such, we do not find that the court exceeded its authority in awarding maintenance.
¶ 24 Moreover, we are not convinced that maintenance was ruled upon sua sponte, as Gelu
contends. During closing argument of the hearing on the petition to vacate the dismissal order,
Gelu’s counsel stated, “[s]he can request maintenance and child support, whatever she wants, but
let’s have a fair hearing.” Much later, the trial court entered an order setting the trial date,
specifically stating that maintenance, inter alia, would be at issue, suggesting that there may have
been a discussion before the court regarding the issues to be addressed at trial. Without a more
comprehensive report of proceedings, we presume that the circuit court acted in conformity with
the law and did not sua sponte add maintenance to the trial agenda. See Foutch, 99 Ill. 2d at 392.
¶ 25 We also distinguish this court’s decision in Fox, 191 Ill. App. 3d 514, upon which Gelu
relies for support. In that case, the ex-husband filed a rule to show cause why the ex-wife should
not be held in contempt for interfering with his visitation rights. Id. at 516. After a hearing on the
motion, the trial court transferred custody of the children to the ex-husband. Id. at 518. On appeal,
this court found that the custody order was void because jurisdiction of the court over child custody
was not invoked via a proper petition. Id. at 521-22. This court’s decision in that case was
appropriate because contempt proceedings are separate and distinct from child custody
proceedings and the ex-wife did not have notice that the hearing on the contempt motion would
involve custody issues. Here, the filing of a petition for dissolution of marriage carries with it the
statutorily mandated consideration of parental responsibilities, child support, maintenance, and
property disposition. See 750 ILCS 5/401(b) (West 2020). As such, we find Fox inapposite.
¶ 26 The issue in Suriano, 386 Ill. App. 3d at 493, was largely the same where the only pleading
before the trial court was a rule to show cause to hold the petitioner in contempt for violating the
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agreed custody order but the trial court nonetheless sua sponte terminated the joint parenting
agreement. Like in Fox, this court concluded that the trial court did not have jurisdiction to
terminate the agreement and held that the order was void. Id. As with Fox, and for the same reason,
we find Suriano to be inapposite.
¶ 27 Our second reason for rejecting Gelu’s argument is that the record, notwithstanding its
incompleteness, suggests that he acquiesced to the trial court’s consideration of maintenance.
¶ 28 In Lewis v. Lewis, 120 Ill. App. 2d 263, 273 (1907), the plaintiff challenged the trial court’s
consideration of equitable estoppel where it had not been pleaded. This court found that the
plaintiff failed to timely object and both parties presented evidence and cross-examined witnesses
as to the issue. Id. As such, this court held that the plaintiff waived any issue she may have had to
the defendant’s failure to plead the issue. Id. (citing Slezak v. Fleming, 392 Ill. 387 (1946)); see
also Hochleutner, 260 Ill. App. 3d at 689, 691 (relying on principles of waiver in rejecting the
petitioner’s argument regarding the respondent’s failure to plead for an award of maintenance).
¶ 29 Similarly, here, there is no evidence before us that Gelu objected to the court’s agenda for
the trial. It is clear from the documents submitted for the trial, Gelu’s motion to reconsider, and
Gelu’s brief that a number of financial matters were discussed during the trial. This suggests to
this court that Gelu acquiesced. See Buzan v. Buzan, 45 Ill. App. 3d 181, 183 (1977) (“As a general
rule parties may waive formal pleadings by the introduction of evidence or their conduct at trial.”).
Gelu also certainly had notice that maintenance was at issue and had the opportunity to present
evidence to support his arguments regarding the same.
¶ 30 As support for our conclusion, we point to the adverse ruling in Klaisner v. Klaisner, 28
Ill. App. 3d 110, 114 (1975), where this court held that the trial court “exceeded its authority” by
ordering the conveyance of the defendant’s interest in the marital home. In that case, the plaintiff’s
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complaint did not mention the marital home in either the body or the prayer for relief. Id. at 113-
14. This court noted that a court may order a conveyance of property even if not “specifically
prayed for in the complaint” pursuant to statutory provisions but nonetheless held that the
conveyance portion of the trial court’s order was void because it was “first requested at the default
hearing, without prior notice to the defendant.” Id. We easily differentiate the facts before us from
those in Klaisner where Gelu had both notice and an opportunity to be heard and to present
evidence on the issue of maintenance. There was no surprise and the general prayer for relief and
statutory provisions provided authority for the trial court to rule on maintenance.
¶ 31 For these reasons, we conclude that the trial court’s award of maintenance is not void for
lack of jurisdiction.
¶ 32 As to Gelu’s remaining claims, we must affirm the trial court’s decision because he has
failed to provide this court with a transcript of the hearing or an appropriate substitute. See Ill. S.
Ct. R. 323 (eff. July 1, 2017). As we have stated, Gelu bears the burden of providing this court
with a sufficiently complete record of the proceedings at trial to support his appellate arguments.
Foutch, 99 Ill. 2d at 391. Without a complete record, the reviewing court will presume that the
order entered by the trial court was in conformity with the law and had a sufficient factual basis.
Id. at 392.
¶ 33 Here, Gelu argues that the trial court abused its discretion because it did not consider the
statutory factors, made incorrect mathematical calculations, and should have disregarded Simona’s
testimony. These are all issues of fact, requiring a review of the evidence presented to the trial
court. Because we are without a sufficient record before us, there is no basis for holding that the
trial court abused its discretion in awarding maintenance. See Evans v. Cook County State’s
Attorney, 2021 IL 125513, ¶ 38 (“[W]ere we to presume that an evidentiary hearing occurred but
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that we lacked a transcript of the hearing, Foutch dictates that we would simply presume the trial
court’s order was in conformity with the law and had a sufficient factual basis.”); Illinois Founders
Insurance Co. v. Williams, 2015 IL App (1st) 122481, ¶ 56 (absence of a report of proceedings or
acceptable substitute frustrated appellate review for abuse of discretion). Accordingly, we presume
that the trial court’s maintenance award was proper.
¶ 34 III. CONCLUSION
¶ 35 For the reasons stated, we affirm the judgment of the circuit court.
¶ 36 Affirmed.
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