Kimberly's Estate , 249 Pa. 475 ( 1915 )

Opinion by

Mr. Justice Moschzisker,

Peter L. Kimberly died in June, 1905, possessed of a large estate, which he disposed of by will, the first section of the first paragraph whereof provides, inter alia, as follows: “I will, devise and bequeath all my property and estate......to John C. Owsley,......Ira B. Bassett, ......and George A. Baird,......; they to have and hold the same, to themselves and their successors or successor as trustees and executors upon the trusts and for the uses and purposes and subject to and under the directions following, that is to say; ......” The provision just quoted is followed by six other sections in which extensive powers and wide discretion are vested in the executors and trustees. In the second paragraph of the will, the testator gave his executors and trustees, for purposes of distribution, seventy-seven per centum of his estate, and named numerous devisees, with the exact proportion to be received by each. The “executors” distributed the full seventy-seven per centum accordingly; their accounts concerning that part of the estate were confirmed absolutely, and, all debts of the decedent and claims allowed against his estate, having been paid, the executors were “legally discharged” as such.

The proceeding now under review concerns only the remaining twenty-three per centum of the testator’s estate; this is covered by the third paragraph of his will, wherein he provided: “To my said trustees and exec: utors, John C. Owsley, Ira B. Bassett and George A. Baird, the remainder or twenty-three per. cent. (23 per cent.) of the whole of my said estate: In Trust, nevertheless, for the following purposes”: here follows section “No. 1,” containing five gifts, or “legacies,” in the nature of annuities, aggregating $500 per month, and one bequest of $5,000; then the will proceeds thus: “After providing for the payment of the legacies and bequests in (section). No. 1 of this paragraph......, herein specifically above mentioned, the aforesaid trustees and executors, for charitable, purposes, shall, use and apply the rest, residue and remainder, of said twenty-three per. cent. (23 per cent.) of my said estate, so as aforesaid given to them in .trust, and they are hereby authorized, empowered and directed to use and apply the same, to such charitable uses, objects and purposes, as they may from time to time select or deem most desirable; hereby giving to them the full and absolute power to select and apply the whole of said rest, residue and remainder of said twenty-three per cent. (23 per cent.) so to be received, to charitable uses, objects and purposes, as fully and completely as I myself , could do if living......” The bequest of $5,000. was paid in full, and one of the legatees, to whom, the trustees were directed to. pay. $50 per month, died prior to the present proceeding ; the. remaining gifts to the other legatees named in section No. 1 of the third paragraph of the will are still in full force and payments thereon are being made each month, the total sum required for this purpose being $450 per month, or $5,400 per year.

The trustees filed a partial account of their stewardship, and thereupon presented a petition to the Orphans’ Court setting forth the fact that they held twenty-three per centum of the testator’s estate in trust under the third paragraph of his will, and that, in their opinion, the amount On hand was largely in excess of that required to pay the bequest and legacies contained in the paragraph in question; they prayed the court to direct the setting aside of certain specified municipal bonds, which already had been “designated and allotted by them to provide for the payment of the respective specific bequests mentioned in the third paragraph of said last will,” and further prayed that they might distribute the balance of the residuary estate for charitable purposes, as provided in testator’s will, “free and clear from all liability of every kind to pay or provide for the payment Of the specific bequests made and mentioned in the third paragraph of said last will and testatment.” On the presentation of this petition* all persons in interest were commanded to appear and show cause why the prayers thereof should not be granted. In response the attorney general of Pennsylvania filed an answer in which, after admitting the main allegations of the petition, he averred that the several blocks of securities set aside to provide for payment of legacies were excessive in amount. In addition, a demurrer, was filed by Abner Rush, one of the legatees mentioned in section No. 1 of the third paragraph of the will, to the effect that “under the terms of said will of Peter L. Kimberly, deceased, the said trustees have no authority to set aside any part of said estate for the purposes set forth in the above mentioned petition, but must hold and keep said estate now in their hands intact and undivided until all the annuitant legatees named in said paragraph 3 of said last will have died and have received the full amount of each and every of their respective specific legacies and bequests thereunder.?’

After hearing, and consideration of the petition and demurrer, the court below entered a decree as follows: “The demurrer to said petition is overruled, and the answer thereto being deemed insufficient, the prayer of said petition is granted and the court now approves and confirms the action of said testamentary trustees in setting apart certain assets......for the purpose of providing for the payment of the special bequests in the form of monthly allowances or payments to certain persons named in said will, viz”: here follows an enumeration of high grade municipal bonds totaling $20,000 in par value, after which the decree proceeds: “The principal and income of the particular bonds thus set apart for each of the said legatees......shall be kept in a separate and independent fund, and no part of such fund, either principal or income, shall at any time be diverted to any other purpose than the payment ,of the particular bequest for which it has been set apart as herein provided, until after the death of the particular legatee, and the payment in full of his or her legacy, or the further order of this court.' All of. the remaining assets in the hands and under the control of the said testamentary trustee, not set apart for special bequests as herein provided, are now hereby released and discharged from......any liability whatever for the payment of said special bequests or any of them; to the end that the said testamentary trustees may at any time hereafter, in the exercise of the powers and discretion given to them by said last will and testament, dispose of and dispense the said remaining assets in accordance with the terms and provisions of the said last will and testament, outside of and without regard to the said special bequests above mentioned.” The before-menv tioned legatee has appealed. He contends that “the court below, erred in assuming jurisdiction of the case ......; in finding that the trustees had authority under the will to release part of the property from the charge of the annuities......; in assuming......to advise the trustees as to the extent of their powers under the will”; and, generally, in entering the above quoted decree.

The Orphans’ Court has jurisdiction to settle the accounts of testamentary trustees, and to supervise the dis-. tribution of assets belonging to such estates, according to the appropriate general rules of law, as well as the law established by the will in each particular case. Here, the third paragraph of the will of Peter L. Kimberly, deceased, is the controlling law of the case before us, and thereunder the trustees are specifically directed to provide for the payment of the legacies and bequests mentioned in section No. 1 thereof, and after so “providing,” to “use and apply,” meaning to distribute (see Kimberly Est., No. 1), the remainder of the residuary estate “so as aforesaid given to them in trust.” The paragraph in question does not state that, after payment of the legacies mentioned in Sec. No. 1, the trustees are to apply, or distribute, the remainder of the twenty-three per centum held in trust by them, but the phrasing is, “after providing for the payment of the legacies, etc.,” the trustees “shall use and apply, etc.” We construe the provision under. consideration to mean that the trustees are. directed to provide for securing the monthly payments mentioned in Sec. No. 1 Of the paragraph in question, and, within a reasonable time, to distribute for charitable uses, according to their best judgment, the balance of the residuary estate; the assets segregated as security for . the aforesaid monthly payments gradually to be released for. charitable distribution as the decease of the several legatees, for whose benefit they were set aside, occurs. In providing for these payments, however, the. trustees followed the practice indicated by the Act of February .23,1853, P. L. 98, relating to the exoneration of residuary real estate from liability -for annuities,' instead of formally setting aside tbe securities necessary for the purpose, showing this fact in their account and having the propriety of their action determined on exceptions thereto. While the practice pursued below may be open to criticism, yet, we are not convinced that it constitutes reversible error in this case. As already indicated, the trustees had the right and were obligated to set aside securities sufficient to insure the payment of the legacies provided for in section No. 1 of paragraph 3, and, by plain implication, under the will' before us, when they segregated such securities the balance of the residuary estate became exonerated from any charge or liability accruing from such legacies; this being so, no harm was done by the terms of the decree.

This is the situation: the -trustees had filed an account and were about to distribute part of the funds of the trust estate, but, before so doing, they segregated certain designated assets to provide for the payment of the before mentioned legacies; the decree in terms recognizes this fact and “approves and affirms the action of the said testamentary .trustees. in setting apart certain assets ......for the purpose of providing for the payment of the "special bequests, etc.” The setting aside of these assets was, in practical effect, a supplement to the account: then pending before the court; when the fact of their segregation was thus placed óf -record, one of the legatees mentioned in Sec. No. 1 of ■paragraph 3 promptly challenged the right of-the trustees , in the premises, saying that the whole fund in their hands had to remain as security for his and other similar legacies. On the other hand,- the attorney general, representing the State in its relation to the charities provided for in the testator’s will, contended that the fund, set aside was unnecessarily large in amount, and, therefore, encroached upon thé charity fund which otherwise would be immediately aváilable for distribution; thus there was.á lis mota as to the right to set aside the fund in question and concerning the amount proper for the purpose in view, and this controversy, until settled, stood in the way of the distribution of the estate provided for in the will, hence, the Orphans’ Court was the proper tribunal to determine the issues involved. The fact that, in stating its determination, the court below incidentally declared that the effect of the exercise of the right and duty vested in and put upon the trustees, to provide for the payment of the legacies, was to exonerate the other securities in their hands, in no sense harms the appellant, nor, under the circumstances at bar, does it represent the exercise of forbidden advisory jurisdiction.

All the questions directly or incidentally passed upon by the court below in the proceedings now before us, were, in fact, raised by the appellant as an exceptant to the account of the trustees, and, as previously suggested, could have been determined on an appeal from the overruling of his exceptions; but since they have been brought before us on this appeal, and since we find no harmful error, while not approving the practice pursued, we fail to see, under the peculiar facts at bar, that any useful purpose would be served by sending the case back for another appeal.

The present case is sufficiently different on its facts from Willard’s App., 65 Pa. 265; Morton’s Est., 201 Pa. 269; Jacoby’s Est., 201 Pa. 442; Archambault’s Est. (No. 1), 232 Pa. 344, and other authorities relied upon by the appellant, to be readily distinguishable. No case has been cited which rules the one now before us, but the following contain énlightening matter on some points of jurisdiction discussed by counsél: Barklay’s Est., 10 Pa. 387, 390; Brown’s App., 12 Pa. 333, 336-7; Dickinson’s Est., 148 Pa. 142; Watts Est., 158 Pa. 1, 13; Cutler’s Est., 225 Pa. 167, 170. In Henderson’s Est,, 228 Pa. 405, the will directed trustees to pay a legatee $25 per month for life, “to keep sufficient funds invested therefor,” and, in case of sickness, if this was not sufficient for his maintenance, to pay such additional sum as in their judgment might be necessary. In that case the trustees, filed an account showing a balance of $41,000,- whereupon, the Orphans’ Court directed $15,000 thereof to be invested for the protection of the annuitant, and the balance to be distributed. On appeal, wé held that, since no intention could be gathered from the will to hold the whole estate together to protect the annuitant, the necessary “implication” was that the balance should be distributed, adding: “the amount to be retained was a matter to be determined by the judge of the Orphans’ Court, and nothing short of a clear abuse of discretion would induce an appellate court to disturb his findings.”

In the present case there does not seem to be any suggestion that the securities set aside for the protection of the appellant, or those segregated for other like legatees, were insufficient for the purpose in view, and, in point of fact, such a contention could not properly be sustained. So far as the record before us shows, the attorney general did not attempt to press by appeal his contention that the securities set aside were excessive in amount. On the whole, after a careful review of this record, we find no reversible error.

The decree is affirmed; the costs to be paid out of the testator’s residuary estate.