United States v. Witherell , 186 F.3d 1343 ( 1999 )

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Anissa Krailler WITHERELL, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 98-3741
Non-Argument Calendar.
United States Court of Appeals,
Eleventh Circuit.
Aug. 31, 1999.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. (No. 98-173-CR-ORL-19A),
Patricia C. Fawsett, Judge.
Before ANDERSON, Chief Judge, and TJOFLAT and DUBINA, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Anissa Krailler Witherell appeals her 15-month sentence, imposed by the United States District Court
for the Middle District of Florida, for knowingly receiving counterfeit Federal Reserve Notes in violation of
18 U.S.C. § 473, and knowingly passing with an intent to defraud those Notes in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 472.
Specifically, Witherell contends that the district court erred when it enhanced her base offense level pursuant
to U.S.S.G. § 3C1.1 for obstruction of justice. We find no error and therefore affirm.
Witherell's indictment in this case was returned on July 23, 1998. Following her arrest, she was
denied bail and was detained. She immediately moved the court for reconsideration of the detention order,
and on August 19, after considering a report from the district court's Pretrial Services Agency and hearing
from the defendant, a magistrate judge admitted Witherell to bail. Because Witherell was a drug addict, the
judge imposed in his order of release the additional conditions of release relevant here: (1) that the
"defendant is restricted in residence to 'STEP INCORPORATED,' a residential drug treatment center located
at 1719 Apopka Boulevard, Apopka, Florida, and she will comply with all rules and directions of STEP," and
(2) that the defendant "report on a regular basis to the following agency: Pretrial Services Agency." On
August 29 (seven days after her release), Witherell plead guilty to both charges of the indictment, and the
district court scheduled her sentencing hearing for November 20, 1998.
Witherell did not comply with the conditions of her release, in that she did not report to STEP and
she failed to report to the Pretrial Services Agency. The court, on September 30, therefore issued a warrant
for her arrest. Witherell was arrested and taken into custody on October 21. On October 22, a magistrate
judge held a detention hearing, and ordered Witherell detained pending her sentencing hearing.
Witherell's sentencing hearing proceeded as scheduled on November 20, 1998. At issue at the
hearing was the recommendation of the district court's Probation Service that Witherell's base offense level
of nine be increased by two levels, pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 3C1.1, for obstruction of justice, to-wit: Witherell's
refusal to submit to in-residence treatment at STEP and her failure to report to the Pretrial Services Agency.
Defense counsel argued against the enhancement on the ground that Witherell was a drug addict and that she
had not left the jurisdiction; thus, her failure to abide by these conditions of her release was not willful. The
district court disagreed and, following the Probation Service's recommendation, enhanced Witherell's base
offense level.
Section 3C1.1 of the United States Sentencing Guidelines states:
If (A) the defendant willfully obstructed or impeded, or attempted to obstruct or impede, the
administration of justice during the course of the investigation, prosecution, or sentencing of the
instant offense of conviction, and (B) the obstructive conduct related to (i) the defendant's offense
of conviction and any relevant conduct; or (ii) a close related offense, increase the offense level by
2 levels.
We have no difficulty in concluding that Witherell obstructed or impeded the due administration of
justice in this case. Her failure to admit herself to STEP's residential treatment facility and to report to her
Pretrial Services officer (1) caused a magistrate judge to entertain the Pretrial Services' petition for a warrant
for Witherell's arrest, (2) caused the U.S. Marshal's Service to take Witherell into custody, (3) caused a second
magistrate judge to hold a preliminary revocation hearing (on October 21), and (4) caused the same magistrate
judge to hold a detention hearing (on October 22). By taxing the court time of the magistrate judges in this
way, Witherell prevented these judges from attending to other judicial business and therefore impeded the
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administration of justice in the Middle District of Florida.
AFFIRMED.
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