In Re davis/mcconnell Minors ( 2022 )


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  •             If this opinion indicates that it is “FOR PUBLICATION,” it is subject to
    revision until final publication in the Michigan Appeals Reports.
    STATE OF MICHIGAN
    COURT OF APPEALS
    UNPUBLISHED
    In re DAVIS/MCCONNELL, Minors.                                      February 10, 2022
    No. 357904
    Marquette Circuit Court
    Family Division
    LC No. 21-010633-NA
    Before: GLEICHER, C.J., and SERVITTO and LETICA, JJ.
    PER CURIAM.
    The circuit court removed four-year-old BD from the care of his parents because his father,
    CD, was charged with sexually abusing BD’s older half-brother, SM, and the court determined
    that respondent-mother had not protected her children. The court also removed from the parents’
    care CD’s two older sons and SM. Respondent appeals only the removal of BD. We discern no
    error and affirm.
    I. BACKGROUND
    SM alleged that CD sexually abused him on a regular basis beginning when he was 13
    years old. Respondent-mother learned of these allegations in 2019, but did not end her relationship
    with CD. Respondent did not believe SM, who suffered from mental illness and had behavioral
    issues. Respondent asserted that she sent SM to live with his father because of his behavior, but
    SM accused his mother of kicking him out for reporting CD’s criminal sexual conduct.
    Although CD already had been charged with several felonies connected with the sexual
    abuse, the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) alleged that SM did not report the
    abuse until June 24, 2021. The DHHS filed an emergency petition to remove respondent and CD’s
    four children from their home, although only BD lived there at that time. The petition alleged that
    respondent knew of the abuse and had not protected her children.
    The court authorized the removal petition. The court found that BD would not be safe in
    respondent’s care because she continued to live with CD after learning he abused SM. The court
    emphasized that respondent did not believe SM’s allegations and “refuses to allow him back in the
    home for reporting sexual abuse.”
    -1-
    Respondent’s attorney challenged the removal at a hearing one week later. Respondent
    denied that she failed to protect either of her sons. Counsel noted that the petition failed to describe
    any particular act of sexual abuse of which respondent was aware and failed to protect her children
    against. Counsel explained that respondent removed SM from her home because of his behavioral
    and mental health issues, not because he reported the alleged sexual abuse. Despite respondent’s
    insistence that she could protect her children, respondent still lived with CD; they attended the
    Zoom hearing together in their home. The couple promised that CD would move out by the
    following Monday, but the circuit court found this to be too little, too late. 1 The court denied the
    motion to set aside the removal order, finding as follows:
    This Court at the time of the initial removal, was under the very strong belief that
    [respondent] was unable to protect her children and I continue to believe that at this
    time. . . . It’s also very telling to the Court that she’s only asking that one child be
    returned home and is not believing another child. This Court finds that very
    distressing.
    Respondent now appeals the removal of BD from her care.
    II. ANALYSIS
    When a child is taken into protective custody, the circuit court must hold a preliminary
    hearing within 24 hours. MCR 3.965(A)(1). At that hearing, the court must determine whether
    “to authorize the filing of the petition and, if authorized, whether the child” is to be returned home,
    released to a guardian or legal custodian, or placed in foster care. MCR 3.965(B)(12), (13). In
    order to place a child into a foster care, the court “must make explicit findings that ‘it is contrary
    to the welfare of the child to remain at home,’ MCR 3.965(C)(3), and ‘reasonable efforts to prevent
    the removal of the child have been made or that reasonable efforts to prevent removal are not
    required,’ MCR 3.965(C)(4).” In re Benavides, 
    334 Mich App 162
    , 168; 964 NW2d 108 (2020).
    Further, the court may only place a child in foster care if it determines that all the conditions of
    MCL 712A.13a(9) (or the identical provisions of MCR 3.965(C)(2)) are met:
    (a) Custody of the child with the parent presents a substantial risk of harm
    to the child’s life, physical health, or mental well-being.
    (b) No provision of service or other arrangement except removal of the child
    is reasonably available to adequately safeguard the child from risk as described in
    subdivision (a).
    (c) Continuing the child’s residence in the home is contrary to the child’s
    welfare.
    (d) Consistent with the circumstances, reasonable efforts were made to
    prevent or eliminate the need for removal of the child.
    1
    In fact, officers came to the home and arrested CD during the hearing.
    -2-
    (e) Conditions of child custody away from the parent are adequate to
    safeguard the child’s health and welfare.
    We review for clear error the circuit court’s factual findings in this regard. Benavides, 334 Mich
    App at 167.
    The court made explicit findings on the record that remaining in respondent’s care was
    contrary to BD’s best interests and that reasonable efforts to prevent removal were not required as
    required by MCR 3.965(3) and (4). The court noted that CD had been charged with several
    felonies arising from his alleged sexual abuse of SM. As to CD, the court could not “imagine what
    we could have done reasonably to prevent the removal.” The court reiterated these findings
    relative to respondent. Given respondent’s disbelief of SM, refusal to allow SM to return to her
    home, and her continued cohabitation with CD, the court found it was contrary to both SM’s and
    BD’s best interests to remain in their mother’s care and that reasonable efforts were not required
    to prevent removal. These findings were supported by the record and there is no error for this
    Court to remedy.
    The court also satisfied MCL 712A.13a(9)(a) in finding that BD would face a substantial
    risk of harm if returned to his mother’s custody. At the initial hearing, the court noted that
    respondent continued to live with CD despite SM’s serious allegations of sexual abuse. Although
    CD was arrested during the next hearing, respondent had continued to live with him in the
    meantime. Respondent did not believe SM’s allegations and therefore took no steps to limit CD’s
    access to young BD. Respondent thereby demonstrated her inability to protect her children,
    placing them at a substantial risk of harm if returned to her care.
    Respondent challenges the court’s determinations that reasonable efforts were not required
    to retain BD in his home and that removal was the only way to safeguard the child. As described,
    the court determined that reasonable efforts to prevent removal were not required as respondent
    remained with CD and did not shield BD from him because she did not believe SM’s allegations.
    MCR 3.965(C)(4)(a) states, “Reasonable efforts to prevent a child’s removal from the home are
    not required if a court of competent jurisdiction has determined that . . . the parent has subjected
    the child to aggravated circumstances as listed in . . . MCL 722.638(1) and (2).” A parent’s
    conduct falls under MCL 722.638(2) when he or she is “suspected of placing the child at an
    unreasonable risk of harm due to the parent’s failure to take reasonable steps to intervene to
    eliminate the risk” of aggravated circumstances listed under MCL 722.638(1), which include
    criminal sexual conduct involving a child, MCL 722.638(1)(a)(ii). The court found that
    respondent failed to take reasonable steps to protect SM from her husband’s sexual abuse and
    placed BD in harm by failing to remove him from this environment. The court’s findings satisfied
    MCL 712A.13a(9)(b)-(d), and we again discern no error.
    And the court placed BD in a licensed foster home pending a search for a suitable relative
    placement. This met the court’s duty under MCL 712A.13a(9)(e).
    Respondent argues that the court denied her substantial right to the care and custody of her
    child by failing to give her the opportunity to present evidence or cross-examine witnesses prior
    to the removal. If a circuit court authorizes a neglect or abuse petition, it must determine the
    child’s placement by receiving evidence to establish that the criteria for placement are present.
    -3-
    MCR 3.965(C)(1). MCR 3.965(C)(1) provides that the respondent “shall be given an opportunity
    to cross-examine witnesses, to subpoena witnesses, and to offer proofs to counter the admitted
    evidence.” However, respondent did not attempt to introduce any evidence or call witnesses at
    either hearing. Respondent does not indicate on appeal what evidence she would have presented
    or how it would have rebutted the court’s conclusion that she failed to protect BD and SM from
    CD. Absent any offer of proof, we cannot grant respondent the relief requested.
    We affirm.
    /s/ Elizabeth L. Gleicher
    /s/ Deborah A. Servitto
    /s/ Anica Letica
    -4-
    

Document Info

Docket Number: 357904

Filed Date: 2/10/2022

Precedential Status: Non-Precedential

Modified Date: 3/5/2022