Sharone Simmons v. State of Mississippi , 220 So. 3d 1010 ( 2017 )

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2016-CP-00710-COA
SHARONE SIMMONS APPELLANT
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI APPELLEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 04/29/2016
TRIAL JUDGE: HON. ANDREW K. HOWORTH
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: LAFAYETTE COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: SHARONE SIMMONS (PRO SE)
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: ABBIE EASON KOONCE
NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - POSTCONVICTION RELIEF
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION: DENIED APPELLANT’S MOTION FOR
POSTCONVICTION RELIEF
DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 05/23/2017
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
BEFORE GRIFFIS, P.J., CARLTON AND GREENLEE, JJ.
CARLTON, J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1. On January 8, 2010, the Lafayette County Circuit Court sentenced Sharone Simmons
to ten years in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC), with eight
years suspended and three years of postrelease supervision (PRS), for uttering a forgery in
violation of Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-21-59 (Rev. 2006). The trial court later
revoked Simmons’s PRS and imposed his previously suspended eight-year sentence after
finding that Simmons committed a new crime in violation of his PRS. Simmons filed his
current motion for postconviction relief (PCR) on April 19, 2016. The trial court denied
Simmons’s PCR motion as time-barred. Notwithstanding the time-bar, the trial court also
found that Simmons’s motion lacked merit.1 Aggrieved, Simmons timely appeals.
¶2. On appeal, Simmons argues: (1) the trial court unlawfully revoked his PRS; (2) newly
discovered evidence entitles him to relief; (3) his right against double jeopardy was violated;
(4) his indictment was defective; and (5) his right to a speedy trial was violated.
¶3. Finding no error in the trial court’s denial of Simmons’s PCR motion as time-barred,
we affirm.
FACTS
¶4. On January 8, 2010, the trial court sentenced Simmons to ten years in MDOC’s
custody, with eight years suspended and three years of PRS, for uttering a forgery in violation
of section 97-21-59. On October 17, 2011, Simmons entered an initial appearance for the
sale of cocaine in violation of Mississippi Code Annotated section 41-29-139 (Rev. 2009).
By its December 16, 2011 order, the trial court revoked Simmons’s PRS and imposed his
previously suspended eight-year sentence because the trial court found that Simmons
committed a “new felony crime—sale of cocaine” and was “a[] habitual offender.”
¶5. On June 14, 2012, a grand jury indicted Simmons for the sale of a controlled
substance in violation of section 41-29-139(a)(1). Pursuant to a negotiated plea agreement,
Simmons signed a plea petition on July 9, 2014. The plea petition stated that Simmons, who
was under oath, pled guilty to the sale of a controlled substance in exchange for the district
attorney’s recommendation of a one-year sentence. The one-year sentence was to run
1
The record before this Court fails to contain Simmons’s plea colloquy.
2
consecutively to Simmons’s eight-year sentence for his 2010 conviction (uttering a forgery).
In its July 9, 2014 judgment, the trial court accepted Simmons’s guilty plea and sentenced
him according to the district attorney’s recommendation.
¶6. On April 19, 2016, Simmons filed his current PCR motion to attack the validity of his
2010 conviction for uttering a forgery. Because Simmons filed the motion six years after his
January 8, 2010 sentencing, the trial court denied the motion as time-barred.
Notwithstanding the time-bar, the trial court found Simmons’s motion lacked merit.
Aggrieved, Simmons appeals.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
¶7. “When reviewing a trial court’s denial or dismissal of a PCR motion, we will only
disturb the trial court’s decision if it is clearly erroneous; however, we review the trial court’s
legal conclusions under a de novo standard of review.” Thinnes v. State, 196 So. 3d 204,
207-08 (¶10) (Miss. Ct. App. 2016) (quoting Carson v. State, 161 So. 3d 153, 155 (¶2) (Miss.
Ct. App. 2014)).
DISCUSSION
¶8. As a preliminary matter, only two issues Simmons raises are properly before this
Court on appeal. Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-39-9(2) (Rev. 2015) provides: “A
motion shall be limited to the assertion of a claim for relief against one (1) judgment only.
If a petitioner desires to attack the validity of other judgments under which he is in custody,
he shall do so by separate motions.”
¶9. In Simmons’s current PCR motion, he identifies his 2010 conviction for uttering a
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forgery as the subject of the motion. From a review of the record and Simmons’s brief,
however, it appears Simmons’s requests for relief regarding double jeopardy, a defective
indictment, and a speedy trial relate only to his 2014 conviction for the sale of a controlled
substance. Because these issues are not properly before this Court, we decline to consider
them on appeal. Instead, we limit our review to Simmons’s claims regarding the unlawful
revocation of his PRS and newly discovered evidence, which pertain to his 2010 conviction.
¶10. Upon review, we acknowledge that Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-39-5(2)
(Rev. 2015) “provides that PCR motions ‘shall be made . . . within three (3) years after entry
of the judgment of conviction’ in cases involving guilty pleas.” Cummings v. State, 203 So.
3d 1174, 1175 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2016) (quoting Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-5(2)). Thus,
Simmons’s current PCR motion concerning his 2010 conviction, to which he acknowledges
he pled guilty, is time-barred by the three-year time limit unless Simmons can show an
exception applies. As set forth below, however, we find that Simmons fails to meet his
burden.
¶11. As the PCR movant, Simmons bears the burden of demonstrating that his claims are
not procedurally barred and that an exception applies. See McComb v. State, 135 So. 3d
928, 931-32 (¶¶10, 13) (Miss. Ct. App. 2014). Three statutory exceptions exist to the three-
year time limit, two of which Simmons raises on appeal: (1) “his parole, probation, or
conditional release has been unlawfully revoked”; and (2) the existence of “new evidence,
not reasonably discoverable at trial, which would have caused a different result in the
conviction or sentence.” Cummings, 203 So. 3d at 1176 (¶8) (citing Miss. Code Ann. §§ 99-
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39-5(2)(a)-(b) & 99-39-23(6)).
¶12. Simmons first argues that the trial court unlawfully revoked his PRS. “A probationer
does not have to be convicted of a crime to be in violation of his probation[;] rather,
probation may be revoked when it is more likely than not that a violation has occurred.”
McCalpin v. State, 166 So. 3d 24, 26-27 (¶7) (Miss. 2013) (citation omitted). The record
here does not contain the conditions of Simmons’s PRS. The record does contain, however,
Simmons’s “Certificate of Initial Appearance,” which states that Simmons was charged with
the sale of cocaine in violation of section 41-29-139.2 In the trial court’s order revoking
Simmons’s PRS, the trial court found that Simmons’s commission of the crime of the sale
of cocaine violated the terms of his PRS. Simmons fails to provide in the record any
evidence to contradict the trial court’s finding.3 Thus, the trial court’s finding that Simmons
violated the terms of his PRS was not clearly erroneous, and Simmons’s argument that his
PRS was unlawfully revoked lacks merit.
¶13. Simmons also argues that newly discovered evidence entitles him to relief. To
succeed on this claim, Simmons must show:
(1) the new evidence was discovered after the trial; (2) it could not by due
diligence have been discovered prior to trial; (3) it is material to the issue and
not merely cumulative or impeaching; and (4) the new evidence will probably
produce a different result or verdict in the new trial.
2
See Miss. Code Ann. § 47-7-37.1 (Rev. 2015) (providing that the commission of a
felony constitutes a substantive violation that warrants the revocation of probation).
3
See Ivy v. State, 103 So. 3d 766, 770 (¶13) (Miss. Ct. App. 2012) (“This Court ‘will
not consider matters which are outside the record and must confine ourselves to what
actually does appear in the record.’” (quoting Jones v. State, 776 So. 2d 643, 649 (¶17)
(Miss. 2000))).
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Van Norman v. State, 114 So. 3d 799, 801 (¶11) (Miss. Ct. App. 2013) (citing Crawford v.
State, 867 So. 2d 196, 203-04 (¶9) (Miss. 2003)). Simmons asserts that the officer who
arrested him for the sale of a controlled substance was fired for fabricating charges against
defendants, including Simmons, and that “all cases involving [Simmons’s arresting officer]
were thrown out.”
¶14. Simmons fails, however, to support his bare assertions with any legal authority or
record evidence. As the movant, Simmons bears the burden of providing authority and
support for his assignments of error, and if he does not provide such support for an
assignment of error, this Court is under no duty to consider the claim. See Hoops v. State,
681 So. 2d 521, 526 (Miss. 1996). Because Simmons fails to provide any support for his
argument beyond his own assertions, we find no merit to his claim that newly discovered
evidence entitles him to relief.
CONCLUSION
¶15. Simmons fails to demonstrate on appeal that an exception to the three-year statutory
time-bar applies. As a result, we find no error in the trial court’s denial of his PCR motion.
¶16. THE JUDGMENT OF THE LAFAYETTE COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
DENYING THE MOTION FOR POSTCONVICTION RELIEF IS AFFIRMED. ALL
COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED TO LAFAYETTE COUNTY.
LEE, C.J., IRVING AND GRIFFIS, P.JJ., BARNES, ISHEE, FAIR, WILSON,
GREENLEE AND WESTBROOKS, JJ., CONCUR.
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