STATE OF NEW JERSEY VS. CARLOS RAMON GUTIERREZ (06-05-0486, UNION COUNTY AND STATEWIDE) ( 2019 )

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-2010-16T4
STATE OF NEW JERSEY,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
CARLOS RAMON GUTIERREZ,
a/k/a CARLOS WEZ, WEZ
GUTIERREZ, and CURTIS GARY,
Defendant-Appellant.
________________________________
Submitted October 2, 2018 – Decided January 18, 2019
Before Judges Fisher and Suter.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
Division, Union County, Indictment No. 06-05-0486.
Joseph E. Krakora, Public Defender, attorney for
appellant (Adam W. Toraya, Designated Counsel, on
the brief).
Michael A. Monahan, Acting Union County
Prosecutor, attorney for respondent (James C. Brady,
Special Deputy Attorney General/Acting Assistant
Prosecutor, of counsel and on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendant Carlos Gutierrez appeals the November 9, 2016 order that
denied his petition for post-conviction relief (PCR). We affirm.
This case arises from the fatal stabbing of Jose Riascos by defendant
outside a bar where defendant was employed as a bouncer. He was convicted
by a jury in 2008 of first-degree murder, N.J.S.A. 2C:11-3(a); fourth-degree
unlawful possession of a weapon, N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5(d); and third-degree
possession of a weapon for an unlawful purpose, N.J.S.A. 2C:39-4(d). He was
sentenced to a sixty-year term of imprisonment on the first-degree murder
conviction, with eighty-five percent of the term ineligible for parole 1 and a five-
year period of parole supervision. The other counts were merged into that count
for sentencing.
Defendant appealed, and we affirmed his convictions and sentence in an
unpublished opinion. State v. Gutierrez, No. A-0110-08 (App. Div. Mar. 23,
2010) (Gutierrez I). We rejected defendant's argument there that the trial court
erred by not instructing the jury on aggravated manslaughter, concluding that "it
was not error, let alone plain error." 2 Id. at 16. The Supreme Court denied
defendant's petition for certification. State v. Gutierrez, 205 N.J. 81 (2011).
1
See No Early Release Act, N.J.S.A. 2C:43-7.2.
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2
Defendant filed this PCR petition in 2011, alleging ineffective assistance
of counsel. Defendant initially claimed that "[t]rial counsel failed to discuss any
aspect of defendant's testimony in the event he was to testify." 3 He told the PCR
court he wanted to testify to "defend" himself and to say "things just happen
from . . . impulse . . . when you get caught up in the heat of the moment . . . . I
wasn't like really trying to hurt anybody." His petition was denied without an
evidentiary hearing and he appealed. We reversed the denial and remanded,
requiring an evidentiary hearing based on defendant's contention he had
informed his trial counsel he wanted to testify during his jury trial but counsel
did not explain to him either the advantages or disadvantages of his proposed
testimony. State v. Gutierrez, No. A-1235-13 (App. Div. Nov. 30, 2015)
(Gutierrez II). We said "the record is silent about what may have or may not
have transpired between defendant and his attorney on this critical question."
Id. at 5. The purpose of the evidentiary hearing was to determine "to what
2
We also rejected defendant's other appellate arguments that his family
members were excluded during jury selection, the autopsy report was wrongly
admitted in evidence and the sentence was excessive. Id. at 21-22.
3
His PCR petition raised other issues including that trial counsel failed to
suppress an arrest warrant, to advise him about the penal consequences of his
sentencing exposure, to impeach the medical examiner, to investigate or offer
exculpatory testimony from Diego Munoz and others and to raise issues about
the jury charge. He requested an evidentiary hearing.
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extent—or even whether—trial counsel and defendant discussed 'the pros and
cons of testifying verses not testifying.'" Id. at 4-5. In a subsequent filing,
defendant's counsel claimed that defendant did not voluntarily relinquish his
right to testify and did not understand the "pros and cons" of that decision.
An evidentiary hearing was held on October 28, 2016, before a different
Superior Court judge. Defendant's former trial counsel, Michael B. Campagna,
who had been privately retained, testified that he explained the "pros and cons"
to defendant of testifying a number of times and met with him regularly. "We
had several conversations, Judge, both in the jail and in the courtroom regarding
potential testimony." Campagna advised defendant against testifying
particularly after the court had ruled in a Sands/Brunson4 hearing that
defendant's four prior convictions, although sanitized, could be admitted at trial
if he were to testify. Campagna did not recall that defendant wanted to testify;
rather, defendant was "non-committal." Also, just before defendant could have
testified, Campagna recalled the State learned that defendant may have suborned
perjury and that information would be brought out on cross-examination. He
testified it was defendant's decision not to testify, not his, and that he could only
make a recommendation to his client.
4
State v. Sands, 76 N.J. 127 (1978) and State v. Brunson, 132 N.J. 377 (1993).
A-2010-16T4
4
Defendant testified that he did not understand the term "pros and cons" at
the time the trial judge used it when inquiring if his decision not to testify was
voluntary, although he agreed on the record at trial that it was. He also testified
he did not understand the term when Campagna used it. Defendant claimed
Campagna really did not explain the benefits or detriments of testifying at trial.
He wanted to testify at trial and that his counsel recommended against it. He
regretted not testifying because he would have told the jury:
I was at work, we was drinking, sniffing. We was all
partying together. It wasn't like we was enemies or any
of that . . . when people drink, you know, get out of
hand. . . pushing and shoving . . . I thought what I was
doing it was the right thing, and just things got out of
hand . . . It's not like I was going to work saying . . . I'm
going to go to work today and kill somebody.
At the PCR hearing defendant could not explain the inconsistency between this
proposed testimony and a letter he had given to Campagna during the jury trial
from Diego Munoz that indicated defendant did not commit the offense but was
being set up by a group of Colombian nationals. He denied understanding his
sentencing exposure, even when shown the transcript from his jury trial where
it was explained to him.
The PCR court denied defendant's PCR petition on November 9, 2016. In
his written decision, the PCR court found that Campagna testified credibly, and
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"answered all questions posed in a forthright and direct manner." "[H]is failures
of recollection [were] not contrived, but rather [were] a consequence of the
significant passage of time . . . ." The PCR court found that Campagna regularly
met with defendant, that "[d]efendant was never pressing to testify, and
appreciated the risks of his prior convictions to his credibility if he did testify."
Defense counsel explained to defendant "that the State would likely present"
evidence regarding possible witness tampering by defendant, if he chose to
testify.
The court observed defendant "was intelligent and well spoken" and
"confirmed much of [Campagna's] testimony." This included confirming that
he "discussed the issue of his testifying 'a couple days before' the trial and again
as the trial progressed." Unlike Campagna, the PCR court found defendant's
testimony to be "incredible." Defendant claimed he was not properly told about
his sentencing exposure, but this assertion was contradicted by the record.
Defendant claimed trial counsel failed to interview or call Diego Munoz as a
witness at trial. This, however, was also contradicted by the record and by
defendant's strategic decision—placed on the record—to no longer call Munoz
as a witness.
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The court found "it highly doubtful that [trial counsel] could have
prevented [d]efendant from testifying if that is what [d]efendant wanted to do"
because defendant was "reasonably sophisticated" and "no stranger to the
criminal justice system." Defendant accepted the recommendation not to testify;
his claim that somehow trial counsel "improperly forced" him not to testify was
a manufactured argument unsupported by the record.
On appeal, defendant argues that:
THE PCR COURT'S ORDER SHOULD BE
REVERSED AND THE DEFENDANT'S
CONVICTION VACATED BECAUSE TRIAL
COUNSEL FAILED TO THOROUGHLY DISCUSS
WITH HIS CLIENT THE POSITIVE
CONSEQUENCES ASSOCIATED WITH A
DECISION WHETHER OR NOT TO TESTIFY,
RESULTING IN DEFENDANT'S DECISION NOT
TO TESTIFY IN HIS OWN DEFENSE.
We conclude there is no merit to this argument.
The standard for determining whether counsel's performance was
ineffective for purposes of the Sixth Amendment was formulated in Strickland
v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984) and adopted by our Supreme Court in State
v. Fritz, l05 N.J. 42 (l987). In order to prevail on an ineffective assistance of
counsel claim, defendant must meet a two-prong test by establishing that: (l)
counsel's performance was deficient and the errors made that were so egregious
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that counsel was not functioning effectively as guaranteed by the Sixth
Amendment to the United States Constitution; and (2) the defect in performance
prejudiced defendant's rights to a fair trial such that there exists "a reasonable
probability that, but for counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the
proceeding would have been different." Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694.
Apparently conceding now that his defense counsel did discuss with him
the downside of testifying—which was considerable—defendant focuses his
argument on the upside, which he contends was not explained. The record,
however, simply does not support this claim. Trial counsel testified he
explained the "pros and cons" of testifying to defendant a number of times, both
before and during the trial. He did recommend that defendant not testify but
added that the decision ultimately was defendant's. The PCR court found
Campagna's testimony was credible but defendant's was not. We defer to the
court's credibility determination because he had the ability to hear and see the
witnesses. State v. Pierre, 223 N.J. 560, 579 (2015). The court explained that
its credibility findings were based not only on observations of the witnesses, but
based on inconsistencies in defendant's testimony, which the court detailed.
Because the court accepted the substance of Campagna's testimony and not
defendant's, defendant did not prove any errors by his trial counsel's
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representation and certainly none that fell outside the "wide range of
professional assistance" required to show the first prong under Strickland. The
PCR court was correct to reject defendant's PCR petition.
Defendant also did not prove the second requirement under Strickland that
defendant was prejudiced by his attorney's performance in a way that deprived
him of a fair trial. Defendant claims he wanted to testify to explain he was
defending himself on the night of the murder and he was prejudiced by not
testifying. The record shows, however, that the facts defendant wanted to
explain were already placed on the record from other witnesses. The trial court
instructed the jury on passion/provocation 5 because, as the trial court explained
to defense counsel:
I can understand your argument regarding . . . fighting,
that people are engaged in mutual fighting. The
evidence is that Mr. Gutierrez and Mr. Riascos may
have been involved in a mutual fight and that there may
be evidence that a third party was the one who inflicted
the wounds.
What the trial court could not accept was how the testimony supported
defendant's request for an instruction on aggravated manslaughter 6 because
5
See N.J.S.A. 2C:11-4(b)(2); State v. Mauricio, 117 N.J. 402, 412-415 (1990).
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these same facts did not show recklessness. In our opinion from 2010 where we
also rejected this claim, we said:
the victim was stabbed six times. The victim was
stabbed both in the front and in the back, the latter
wounds supporting an inference that the victim was
stabbed while he was in a defensive mode, or at least
posing not threat to his assailant . . . . vital organs [were
exposed] to injury . . . . it is evident that the wounds
were inflicted forcefully since the victim's rib and heart
were both cut through and his lung was pierced.
[Gutierrez I, slip op. at 19-20.]
Defendant's proposed testimony would add nothing to change these facts; he is
instead attempting to make a collateral attack on our prior decision that the trial
court did not err on the aggravated manslaughter issue. This does not establish
prejudice within the meaning of Strickland.
Affirmed.
6
A homicide constitutes aggravated manslaughter when the actor recklessly
causes death under circumstances manifesting extreme indifference to human
life. N.J.S.A. 2C:11-4(a)(1).
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