State v. Esparza ( 2010 )

1 This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Reports. Please see
2 Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please
3 also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other
4 deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does not include the
5 filing date.
6 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
7 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,
8 Plaintiff-Appellee,
9 v. NO. 30,078
10 FRANCISCO ESPARZA,
11 Defendant-Appellant.
12 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF ROOSEVELT COUNTY
13 Drew D. Tatum, District Judge
14 Gary K. King, Attorney General
15 Santa Fe, NM
16 for Appellee
17 John A. McCall
18 Albuquerque, NM
19 for Appellant
20 MEMORANDUM OPINION
21 FRY, Chief Judge.
22 Francisco Esparza (Defendant) appeals from the judgment, sentence and
23 commitment, convicting him after a jury trial of aggravated DWI (Seventh offense).
24 [RP 201] Defendant raises one issue on appeal, contending that there was insufficient
25 evidence to convict Defendant when there was conflicting testimony that Defendant
1 was even driving. [DS 2] Defendant raises this issue pursuant to State v. Franklin,
2 78 N.M. 127, 129, 428 P.2d 282, 284 (1967).
3 This Court’s calendar notice proposed summary affirmance. [CN1] Defendant
4 has filed a memorandum in opposition that we have duly considered. [MIO]
5 Unpersuaded, however, we affirm.
6 DISCUSSION
7 In determining whether sufficient evidence was presented that Defendant was
8 in physical control of the car, we engage the two-step analysis used to evaluate a
9 sufficiency challenge to a conviction. First, we “view the evidence in the light most
10 favorable to the guilty verdict, indulging all reasonable inferences and resolving all
11 conflicts in the evidence in favor of the verdict.” State v. Cunningham, 2000-NMSC-
12 009, ¶ 26, 128 N.M. 711, 998 P.2d 176. Second, we “make a legal determination of
13 whether the evidence viewed in this manner could justify a finding by any rational
14 trier of fact that each element of the crime charged has been established beyond a
15 reasonable doubt.” State v. Apodaca, 118 N.M. 762, 766, 887 P.2d 756, 760 (1994)
16 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
17 Defendant was charged and convicted, after a jury trial, of aggravated DWI,
18 pursuant to NMSA 1978, Section 66-8-102(D)(1) (2008), for “driv[ing] a vehicle in
19 this state [with a] alcohol concentration of sixteen one hundredths or more in [his]
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1 blood or breath within three hours of driving the vehicle and the alcohol concentration
2 result[ed] from alcohol consumed before or while driving the vehicle.” [RP 93] A
3 “‘driver’ means every person who drives or is in actual physical control of a motor
4 vehicle.” NMSA 1978, Section 66-1-4.4(K) (2007); see Boone v. State, 105 N.M.
5 223, 225-26, 731 P.2d 366, 368-69 (1986) (interpreting a “driver” to mean one is who
6 actually driving a motor vehicle and one who is in “actual physical control” of a motor
7 vehicle, not requiring that the vehicle be in motion).
8 In the memorandum, Defendant does not present facts that differ from those
9 relied upon by this Court in the calendar notice. See State v. Ibarra, 116 N.M. 486,
10 489, 864 P.2d 302, 305 (Ct. App. 1993) (“A party opposing summary disposition is
11 required to come forward and specifically point out errors in fact and/or law.”). At
12 trial, the State presented the testimony of two officers who were dispatched to the
13 scene for a domestic disturbance. [RP 123-24, 128-31; MIO 2-3] The first officer to
14 arrive testified that he witnessed Defendant driving a Chevy pickup truck around in
15 the yard, doing “donuts,” and spinning his tires. [Id., 126; MIO 2-3] When the officer
16 turned on his lights, Defendant stopped the vehicle and exited the driver’s side. [RP
17 124] Defendant was stumbling around, he had bloodshot watery eyes, an odor of
18 alcohol emanated from him, and he had slurred speech. [Id.] A second officer who
19 could speak Spanish arrived at the scene. [RP 128; MIO 3] The second officer
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1 testified that Defendant told him he had consumed twelve beers. [Id.] This officer
2 then conducted field sobriety tests, which were video recorded. [RP 128-29] When
3 Defendant could not adequately perform the tests, he was arrested. [RP 129]
4 Defendant took a breath test that showed a blood alcohol content of .19 and .18 grams
5 per 210 liters. [RP 131; MIO 3]
6 Defendant testified at trial that when the officers approached him, he was
7 standing near his truck drinking beer, and he did not drive the truck. [RP 135; MIO
8 3] Defendant claimed he took the field sobriety tests because the officers asked him
9 to do so and that he never thought it was necessary to tell the officers that he had not
10 been driving. [RP 136] On cross-examination, Defendant admitted he was drunk but
11 insisted that he did not drive. [Id.; MIO 3]
12 Defendant’s memorandum discusses at length the current applicable New
13 Mexico law on what it means to be in “actual physical control” of a vehicle. [MIO 5-
14 8] Defendant insists that the State’s evidence does not conclusively demonstrate that
15 Defendant was the actual driver of the truck because the first officer encountered
16 Defendant outside the truck and it was “unclear how the officer was able to see . . .
17 Defendant prior to entering the backyard and turning on his lights at which time it
18 appears Defendant was actually outside of his truck.” [MIO 6] Thus, Defendant
4
1 argues that there was not substantial evidence that Defendant was ever driving the
2 vehicle or was able to exercise control over it. [MIO 8] We are not persuaded.
3 The jury was presented with the first officer’s testimony that he saw Defendant
4 driving when he arrived at the scene, as well as Defendant’s conflicting testimony that
5 he did not drive. The jury convicted Defendant of aggravated DWI. “The reviewing
6 court does not weigh the evidence or substitute its judgment for that of the fact finder
7 as long as there is sufficient evidence to support the verdict.” State v. Mora, 1997-
8 NMSC-060, ¶ 27, 124 N.M. 346, 950 P.2d 789. Moreover, “[c]ontrary evidence
9 supporting acquittal does not provide a basis for reversal because the jury is free to
10 reject Defendant’s version of the facts.” State v. Rojo, 1999-NMSC-001, ¶ 19, 126
11 N.M. 438, 971 P.2d 829 (filed 1998). We hold that substantial evidence supports
12 Defendant’s conviction for aggravated DWI.
13 CONCLUSION
14 We affirm Defendant’s conviction.
15 IT IS SO ORDERED.
16
17 CYNTHIA A. FRY, Chief Judge
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1 WE CONCUR:
2
3 JONATHAN B. SUTIN, Judge
4
5 CELIA FOY CASTILLO, Judge
6