State v. Valdez ( 2014 )

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1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO
2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,
3 Plaintiff-Appellee,
4 v. NO. 33,358
5 JODY VALDEZ,
6 Defendant-Appellant.
7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY
8 Jacquelyn Flores, District Judge
9 Gary K. King, Attorney General
10 Santa Fe, NM
11 for Appellee
12 Josephine H. Ford, Assistant Public Defender
13 Albuquerque, NM
14 for Appellant
15 MEMORANDUM OPINION
16 ZAMORA, Judge.
17 {1} Defendant appeals from an on-the-record district court judgment affirming his
18 metropolitan court conviction for DWI (first offense). We issued a calendar notice
1 proposing to affirm. Defendant has responded with a timely memorandum in
2 opposition. We affirm.
3 PROBABLE CAUSE
4 {2} Defendant continues to argue that his arrest was not supported by probable
5 cause. [MIO 11] Probable cause exists when “facts and circumstances within the
6 officer’s knowledge, or on which the officer has reasonably trustworthy information,
7 are sufficient to warrant someone of reasonable caution to believe that an offense has
8 been or is being committed.” State v. Galloway, 1993-NMCA-071, ¶ 10, 116 N.M. 8,
9 859 P.2d 476. As applied here, the arresting officer had to have probable cause that
10 Defendant was under the influence of intoxicating liquor while operating a motor
11 vehicle, and that this affected his ability to operate the vehicle to at least the slightest
12 degree. NMSA 1978, § 66-8-102(A) (2010); UJI 14-4501 NMRA.
13 {3} Here, at 1:56 a.m. an officer observed Defendant’s vehicle swerving on four
14 different occasions. [MIO 2] When stopped, Defendant had bloodshot, watery eyes,
15 smelled of alcohol, and admitted to drinking. [MIO 2] Another officer arrived, later
16 testifying that Defendant had bloodshot, watery eyes, and a strong odor of alcohol
17 coming from his facial area. [MIO 3] Defendant was constantly swaying. [MIO 4]
18 Defendant then proceeded to perform poorly on the field sobriety tests. [MIO 5-7]
19 Analogous circumstances have previously been deemed sufficient to satisfy the
20 probable cause requirement. See, e.g., State v. Sanchez, 2001-NMCA-109, ¶¶ 8-9,
21 131 N.M. 355, 36 P.3d 446 (holding that an officer had probable cause to arrest the
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1 defendant for DWI based on strong odor of alcohol, bloodshot watery eyes, admission
2 to drinking, and refusal to submit to field sobriety or chemical testing); State v. Ruiz,
3 1995-NMCA-098, ¶ 24, 120 N.M. 534, 903 P.2d 845 (holding that probable cause
4 existed where police observed the defendant’s car weaving, strong odor of alcohol,
5 glassy eyes and inability to perform the filed sobriety tests), abrogated on other
6 grounds by State v. Martinez, 2007-NMSC-025, 141 N.M. 713, 160 P.3d 894.
7 {4} Defendant maintains that his conduct could be explained by reasons other than
8 impairment. [MIO 12] However, Defendant’s argument ignores our standard of
9 review. As the above-noted authorities clearly illustrate, a variety of different
10 circumstances, including circumstances similar to those presented in this case, may
11 properly be relied upon to support an arrest for DWI. See generally Granillo-Macias,
12 2008-NMCA-021, ¶ 9, 143 N.M. 453, 176 P.3d 1187 (“In reviewing the evidence
13 supporting probable cause, each case stands on its own facts; there is no one set of
14 circumstances required for probable cause.” (alteration, internal quotation marks, and
15 citation omitted)).
16 RIGHT TO JURY TRIAL
17 {5} Defendant continues to claim that he was not sufficiently advised of his right
18 to a jury trial. [MIO 13] There is no dispute that Defendant was entitled to a jury trial
19 if this right was timely invoked. See Rule 7-602(A) NMRA. As we observed in our
20 calendar notice, the judge advised Defendant that he faced two separate charges, each
21 of which carried a penalty of 90 days; he also informed all of the defendants present
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1 that any of them facing more than 90 days had a right to a jury trial, subject to the 10-
2 day waiver provision. [MIO 1] Although Defendant maintains that it was difficult for
3 him to apply the advice to his own case, and that he was distracted by the proceedings,
4 this does not negate the court’s satisfaction of its obligation to convey the information
5 to him. To the extent that Defendant believes that the 10-day period is unfair because
6 it does not provide for sufficient time to appoint counsel, this Court lacks authority to
7 change the Supreme Court rule. See State v. Valles, 2004-NMCA-118, ¶ 14, 140 N.M.
8 458, 143 P.3d 496.
9 INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE
10 {6} Defendant continues to claim that he received ineffective assistance of counsel.
11 [DS 16] We will not decide an ineffective assistance of counsel claim on direct appeal
12 unless a defendant makes a prima facie showing that counsel was incompetent and the
13 incompetence resulted in prejudice to the defense. See State v. Richardson, 1992-
14 NMCA-112, ¶ 4, 114 N.M. 725, 845 P.2d 819.
15 {7} Here, Defendant claims that counsel was ineffective by advising him not to
16 testify about the use of an Albuterol inhaler during the DWI investigation. [MIO 16-
17 17] Defendant does not refute our observation that this alleged advice is not part of
18 the record. Accordingly, we do not address the merits of Defendant’s claim in this
19 appeal. See State v. Martin, 1984-NMSC-077, ¶ 29, 101 N.M. 595, 686 P.2d 937
20 (holding that an appellate court may not consider matters not of record).
21 {8} For the reasons set forth above, we affirm.
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1 {9} IT IS SO ORDERED.
2 _______________________________
3 M. MONICA ZAMORA, Judge
4 WE CONCUR:
5 __________________________________
6 JAMES J. WECHSLER, Judge
7 __________________________________
8 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Judge
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