State v. Cruise , 2012 Ohio 2907 ( 2012 )

[Cite as State v. Cruise, 2012-Ohio-2907.]
COURT OF APPEALS
RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
:
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. William B. Hoffman, J.
: Hon. John W. Wise, J.
-vs- :
: Case No. 11CA73
MARTIN CRUISE, JR. (sic) :
:
:
Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Richland County Court of
Common Pleas, Case No. 2010-CR-572
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: June 25, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant: For Appellee:
R. JOSHUA BROWN JAMES J. MYER, JR.
32 Lutz Ave. RICHLAND COUNTY PROSECUTOR
Lexington, OH 44904
DANIEL BENOIT
38 South Park Street
Mansfield, OH 44902
[Cite as State v. Cruise, 2012-Ohio-2907.]
Delaney, J.
{¶1} Appellant Martin D. Cruise, Sr. appeals from the judgment entry of
conviction and sentence entered in the Richland County Court of Common Pleas on
July 27, 2011. Appellee is the state of Ohio.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
{¶2} This case arose in the late-night hours of July 10, 2009, into the early-
morning hours of July 11, 2009. Sometime between midnight and 2:45 a.m., residents
in the Temple Court neighborhood of Mansfield, Ohio, heard a number of shots ring
out. One resident, Angel Thompson, got up to look around, but didn’t see anyone. No
one called the police, and a number of witnesses later said shots were not unusual in
the neighborhood. The next day, however, Thompson went for a walk and looked for
evidence of the shots. He discovered shell casings on the ground in front of the
residence at 160 Temple Court, home of Lloyd Keeton, and called police.
{¶3} The ensuing investigation into the shots fired led to the unraveling of a
chain of criminal acts perpetrated by appellant. At trial, the state pieced together
events from the testimony of a large number of witnesses, many of whom dissembled,
changed their stories, or claimed to “forget” operative events. The following facts are
adduced from the record of appellant’s trial.
Trouble between Appellant and Lloyd “Jerry” Keeton
{¶4} Appellant and Lloyd Keeton argued with each other, but witnesses
differed on the source of the disagreement. According to some witnesses, the bad
blood originated with appellant’s advances to Keeton’s wife at the time. According to
others, they argued because appellant’s son, Martin Cruise Jr. (“Martin”), had stolen a
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 3
laptop and pills from Keeton. Either way, witnesses agreed that the tension
culminated sometime in late May or early June, 2009, when Keeton wanted to “talk” to
appellant. During this conversation, Keeton “decked” appellant and appellant fell to
the ground. Appellant was described as “beat badly” by Keeton: his eye was cut, his
nose was busted, and his mouth was bloody.
{¶5} In the wake of this altercation, appellant told several people he would
seek revenge against Keeton.
The Stolen Gun
{¶6} Several weeks later, appellant’s friend and roommate Dave Ethel was
house-sitting at the home of a special deputy for the Richland County Sheriff’s
Department. Appellant was a guest at the home for a cookout.
{¶7} When the special deputy returned after his trip, he discovered his gun
was missing, a 9-millimeter Smith and Wesson 659, described as stainless steel with
black grips. The gun contained a 15-round magazine of ammunition provided by the
Richland County Sheriff’s Department: Federal brand hydroshock 9-millimeter hollow-
point shells with small projectiles in the center. The gun was stored in a black soft
case with a combination lock, which was also missing.
{¶8} The missing gun and case were eventually tied to a small Ford pickup
truck which the deputy’s wife had given to appellant. This truck brought the entire
series of events full circle to appellant.
Break-In at the Mifflin Market and Pursuit
{¶9} Around 3:00 a.m. on July 11, the same night Keeton’s house was fired
upon, someone attempted to break into the Mifflin Market in the village of Mifflin, Ohio.
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 4
A nearby park ranger gave chase to the suspect vehicle: a Ford pickup truck
containing four individuals. The ranger chased the pickup truck into a field before
stopping the pursuit, and the occupants of the truck fled on foot and were not located.
{¶10} Ultimately the occupants of the vehicle were determined to be appellant,
his son Martin, Kenneth Holstine, and April Swanigan.
{¶11} By researching the temporary tag on the wrecked abandoned pickup
truck, a connection was made with the Richland County special deputy whose gun had
been stolen. When the deputy came to the impound lot to view the truck, he saw the
soft black case from the stolen gun still sitting on the seat.
{¶12} The gun itself was never found.
Stolen Gun Tied to Bullets at Keeton Scene
{¶13} A number of spent bullets were recovered from the scene of the Keeton
drive-by shooting; they were determined to be Federal brand 9-millimeter luger
jacketed hollow-point hydroshock bullets which were all fired from the same gun.
Personnel from the Bureau of Criminal Identification and Investigation narrowed down
the possible firearm to one of two models: Smith and Wesson or Fabrique Nationale.
{¶14} Dave Ethel testified that in the early morning hours of July 10, 2009, he
found appellant sitting on the stairs, upset, saying he “really messed up” and that he
had ditched his truck after running from the cops.
{¶15} Two of appellant’s neighbors and another roommate testified that on or
around the day of the shooting, appellant had shown off a 9-millimeter Smith and
Wesson firearm, silver with black grips, which he planned to use to “get revenge” on
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 5
someone. When asked where he got the gun, appellant had told witnesses “not to
worry about it.”
Testimony of Martin Cruise, Jr.
{¶16} Appellee called appellant’s son Martin, a juvenile, as a witness. Upon
being called to the stand, Martin’s first words were “I’m not testifying.” The trial court
sent the jury out of the courtroom and advised him he would be in contempt of court if
he refused to testify.
{¶17} Ralph Bove, Martin’s attorney, noted on the record he had counseled his
client he must testify. The trial court asked Bove whether Martin could be housed in
the county jail, and Bove replied he didn’t think so but would need a short amount of
time to research the issue. A representative from Richland County Children’s
Services, also present in the courtroom on behalf of Martin, stepped forward and
stated on the record minors cannot be housed with adults. The trial court then asked
whether the juvenile detention facility would hold Martin temporarily, and advised Bove
he would have an opportunity to object.
{¶18} After further discussion regarding an unrelated issue, the trial court
advised the jury Martin refused to testify and would not appear.
{¶19} Later in the trial, however, Martin was again called to the stand, and out
of the presence of the jury he asked the trial court whether he could purge the
contempt by testifying. The trial court answered yes, but warned him not to play
games.
{¶20} Martin testified he was in the pickup truck with appellant when appellant
shot at Keeton’s residence.
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 6
{¶21} At the conclusion of his testimony, Martin asked the trial court whether
he would face additional charges, and the trial court noted there was nothing to purge
because he had testified; therefore he was not in contempt.
Conviction and Sentence
{¶22} Appellant was found guilty of one count of improperly discharging a
firearm into a habitation, one count of receiving stolen property, one count of improper
handling of a firearm in a motor vehicle, and four counts of felonious assault. Each
count of felonious assault was accompanied by a firearm specification. Appellant was
acquitted of one count of tampering with evidence. The trial court sentenced appellant
to an aggregate prison term of 29 years.
{¶23} Appellant now appeals from the judgment entry of his conviction and
sentence.
{¶24} Appellant raises one Assignment of Error:
{¶25} “I. THE TRIAL COURT COMMITTED REVERSIBLE ERROR BY
THREATENING TO INCARCERATE (IN THE COUNTY JAIL) A JUVENILE WITNESS
CALLED BY THE STATE, FOR REFUSING TO TESTIFY.”
I.
{¶26} Appellant argues his right to a fair trial was violated by what he
characterizes as the trial court’s “coercion” of the testimony of Martin Cruise, Jr. We
disagree and therefore overrule appellant’s sole assignment of error.
{¶27} Generally the decision of a trial court whether to find an individual in
contempt of court will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion. State
ex rel. Celebrezze v. Gibbs, 60 Ohio St.3d 69, 74, 573 N.E.2d 62 (1991).
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 7
{¶28} Pursuant to R.C. 1907.38, “* * *[W]hen a person in attendance refuses to
testify as a witness, and no valid excuse is shown, the judge may punish the person
as for contempt, and, if he does so, the judge shall enter any fine or imprisonment
imposed on the docket. * * *.” Additionally, R.C. 2705.02(C) provides, “A person guilty
of any of the following acts may be punished as for a contempt: [a] failure to obey a
subpoena duly served, or a refusal to be sworn or to answer as a witness, when
lawfully required.”
{¶29} First and most importantly, we note the trial court never found Martin
Cruise, Jr. in contempt of court, much less sentence him to any term in an adult
correctional facility. Had the trial court done so, it would have been up to Martin
Cruise, Jr. to appeal the ruling, and the question of whether a juvenile witness may be
incarcerated in an adult correctional facility as punishment for an act of contempt in an
adult criminal proceeding would be relevant to that appeal.
{¶30} That issue is not relevant to this appeal, and we therefore decline to offer
an advisory opinion.
{¶31} Instead, this appeal turns on a narrower issue: whether the threat of a
contempt finding against Martin Cruise, Jr. somehow violated appellant’s right to a fair
trial, even though no finding of contempt was ever made. Again, we disagree with
appellant’s underlying factual premises that Martin Cruise, Jr. was “coerced” into
testifying and that his testimony was somehow the linchpin that served to convict
appellant.
{¶32} Martin Cruise, Jr. was delivered to the trial court to testify from the
juvenile correction facility where he had been housed for sixteen days, and to which
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 8
he would return pending outcome of his own delinquency proceedings. Indeed, the
record showed that Martin Cruise, Jr. was in and out of detention throughout the
course of the entire investigation. The trial court did not make a finding of contempt,
and only mentioned the possibility of holding Martin Cruise Jr. in an adult facility; the
trial court also gave Martin Cruise, Jr.’s attorney (present in the courtroom throughout
his client’s outburst) time to research the issue. Ultimately the issue was moot
because the juvenile chose to testify.
{¶33} Nor was the testimony of Martin Cruise, Jr. indispensable to the jury’s
finding of guilt. While his son was the only witness to state directly that he was with
appellant when appellant shot at Keeton’s residence, the mountain of corroborating
circumstantial evidence rendered the son’s testimony little more than a footnote in the
parade of witnesses at trial.
{¶34} We rejected similar arguments in State v. Rembert, in which a defendant
argued that he was denied a fair trial when the trial court threatened to find a witness
in contempt. 5th Dist. No. 04 CA 66, 2005-Ohio-4718, appeal not allowed, 108 Ohio
St.3d 1417, 2006-Ohio-179, 841 N.E.2d 320. As in the instant case, unsupported
allegations that an appellant’s rights have been compromised is insufficient:
It is axiomatic that in order for there to be reversible error, there must be
prejudice to the appellant. See State v. Dean, 94 Ohio App. 540, 16 N.E.2d
767 (1953); Tingue v. State, 90 Ohio St. 368, 108 N.E. 222 (1914). We fail to
see how appellant’s right to a fair trial was prejudiced by the trial court’s actions
in regard to [the witness’] testimony. The argument that [the witness’] rights
were violated by the trial court is not directly relevant to whether appellant’s
Richland County, Case No. 11CA73 9
rights were violated. Appellant makes no argument as to how or why the trial
court’s actions toward [the witness] affected appellant’s rights. There is no
allegation whatsoever that [the witness] was pressured to lie or otherwise act
inappropriately as a response to the trial court’s conduct toward [the witness].
As such, we find appellant’s arguments meritless.
Similarly, appellant in the instant case fails to point to any prejudice in the record,
beyond the fact that his son offered testimony against him.
{¶35} Having found no merit in appellant’s argument, we overrule the sole
assignment of error and affirm the judgment of the Richland County Court of Common
Pleas.
By: Delaney, P.J.
Hoffman, J. and
Wise, J. concur.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
HON. JOHN W. WISE
PAD:kgb
[Cite as State v. Cruise, 2012-Ohio-2907.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO :
:
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
MARTIN CRUISE, JR. (sic) :
:
: Case No. 11CA73
Defendant-Appellant :
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Opinion on file, the judgment of the
Richland County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Costs assessed to Appellant.
HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY
HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
HON. JOHN W. WISE