City of Cleveland v. Go Invest Wisely, L.L.C. , 196 Ohio App. 3d 495 ( 2011 )

[Cite as Cleveland v. Go Invest Wisely, L.L.C., 196 Ohio App.3d 495, 2011-Ohio-5387.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
No. 95973
CITY OF CLEVELAND,
APPELLEE,
v.
GO INVEST WISELY, L.L.C.,
APPELLANT.
JUDGMENT:
DISMISSED
Criminal Appeal from the
Cleveland Municipal Court
Case No. 2010-CRB-009822
BEFORE: Keough, J., Boyle, P.J., and S. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: October 20, 2011
ATTORNEYS:
Robert J. Triozzi, Cleveland Director of Law, and Karyn J. Lynn, Assistant
Director of Law, for appellee.
Powers Friedman Linn, P.L.L., and James J. Costello, for appellant.
KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, Judge.
{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Go Invest Wisely, L.L.C. (“GIW”), appeals from the
trial court’s judgment imposing a fine of $915,000 for GIW’s failure to comply with the
order of the city of Cleveland’s director of building and housing to correct multiple
violations of the city’s building code. We dismiss for lack of a final, appealable order.
I
{¶ 2} GIW is a company that buys and sells real estate for investment purposes. In
April 2010, the city filed a criminal complaint charging GIW with 26 violations of the
building code relating to residential property located at 840 East 141st Street in
Cleveland. Count 1 of the complaint charged GIW with failure to comply with the order
of the director of building and housing, in violation of Cleveland Codified Ordinances
367.99(a) and 3103.25(E). The remaining counts charged GIW with other violations of
the building code relating to specific deficiencies in the property (e.g., lack of running
water, inadequate sanitary facilities, missing or damaged electrical facilities). GIW
pleaded not guilty, and the matter proceeded to a bench trial.
{¶ 3} Charlene Hatchett, a residential building inspector for the city, testified that
on June 26, 2009, she conducted an interior and exterior inspection of the property.
Hatchett testified that she observed numerous code violations during her inspection. She
observed that the hot-water tank and furnace were not working and there was no
electricity in the home. She also observed structural damage to the porch and front steps
and noted that the garage roof was deteriorated, doors were broken, gutters and
downspouts were missing, the driveway needed repair, and there were overgrown hedges
around the home. Further, the home was open and not secured. The city sent a violation
notice to GIW requiring that the violations be corrected within 30 days of issuance of the
notice.
{¶ 4} Hatchett testified that in the following months, she periodically drove by the
property and observed that the exterior violations were not corrected. Hatchett formally
inspected the property again on February 26, 2010, and June 15, 2010, one week prior to
trial. She noted that the code violations were “pretty much the same and [had] probably
gotten a little worse” since her initial inspection. She testified further that GIW had not
pulled any building permits to correct the violations or appealed to the Board of Building
Standards or the Board of Zoning Appeals about the violations and no one from GIW had
called the city to request an extension of time to correct the violations. On March 16,
2010, GIW sold the property to another out-of-state investor for $700.
{¶ 5} The trial court found GIW guilty of failure to comply with an order of the
director of building and housing to repair the property and determined that the property
was out of compliance from August 27, 2009, until February 26, 2010. At a subsequent
hearing, the court imposed the maximum fine of $915,000, or $5,000 per day for the 183
days the property was out of compliance.
{¶ 6} The trial court subsequently held a hearing regarding the city’s request for
restitution. It declined to award any restitution after finding that the statutory
requirements for such an award were not met.
{¶ 7} GIW appealed the trial court’s judgment. This court sua sponte remanded
the matter to the trial court to issue an entry conforming with State v. Baker, 119 Ohio
St.3d 197, 2008-Ohio-3330, 893 N.E.2d 163. This court noted that although GIW had
been charged with multiple counts relating to building-code violations, the trial court’s
sentencing entry listed only one count and one sentence. Accordingly, to resolve any
jurisdictional issues related to the lack of a final, appealable order, this court remanded
the matter for the trial court to issue an entry that included the charges on which GIW was
convicted, the means of conviction (plea, verdict, or finding by the court), any
specifications of which GIW was convicted, and the sentence regarding each count.
{¶ 8} Upon remand, the trial court issued an entry stating that “the fine and
sentence reflect the finding of guilt and sentence on all of the counts in this case.” It
then apportioned the $915,000 fine over the 26 counts charged in the complaint.
II
{¶ 9} Appellate courts in Ohio have jurisdiction to review the final orders or
judgments of lower courts within their district. Section 3(B)(2), Article IV, Ohio
Constitution; R.C. 2505.02. In the absence of a final, appealable order, the appellate
court does not have jurisdiction to review the matter and must dismiss the case sua
sponte. St. Rocco’s Parish Fed. Credit Union v. Am. Online, 151 Ohio App.3d 428,
2003-Ohio-420, 784 N.E.2d 200, ¶ 9.
{¶ 10} “An order is a final order that may be reviewed, affirmed, modified, or
reversed, with or without retrial” when it “affects a substantial right in an action that in
effect determines the action and prevents a judgment.” R.C. 2505.02(B). “For an order
to determine the action and prevent a judgment for the party appealing, it must dispose of
the whole merits of the cause.” Hamilton Cty. Bd. of Mental Retardation &
Developmental Disabilities v. Professional Guild of Ohio (1989), 46 Ohio St.3d 147, 153,
545 N.E.2d 1260.
{¶ 11} The trial court’s journal entry after remand apportioned the $915,000 fine
over the 26 counts charged in the complaint, and thus would appear to dispose of the
entire case. However, the transcripts of the bench trial and sentencing hearing
demonstrate that the trial court found GIW guilty of only Count 1 of the complaint and
imposed the $915,00 fine only on that count.
{¶ 12} At the conclusion of trial, the trial judge stated, “The Court finds the
defendant Go Invest Wisely guilty for failure to comply with an order of the director of
Building and Housing to repair the property. * * * [A]nd that the defendant was out of
compliance from August 27th 2009 until February 26th 2010 * * *.” The trial court’s
finding of guilt for failure to comply related to Count 1 of the complaint. The trial judge
made no mention of the other 25 counts of the complaint and did not find GIW guilty of
the other counts.
{¶ 13} At sentencing, the trial judge specifically imposed the maximum fine of
$5,000 per day for each of the 183 days that GIW failed to comply with the director’s
order to abate the code violations, as charged in Count 1 of the complaint. The trial court
made no mention at sentencing that the fine was apportioned over the remaining 25
counts of the complaint.
{¶ 14} Thus, the trial court’s sentencing entry after remand, in which it stated that
it found GIW guilty of all counts as charged and then apportioned the $915,000 fine over
all counts, is inconsistent with the trial court’s pronouncements in open court. The trial
transcript reflects that the trial judge found GIW guilty only of Count 1 and made no
determination regarding GIW’s guilt or lack thereof with respect to the remaining counts
of the complaint. Moreover, the sentencing transcript reflects that the trial judge
imposed the $915,000 fine only on Count 1; it was not apportioned over all of the counts
charged in the complaint.
{¶ 15} Accordingly, because the trial court’s sentencing entry is inconsistent with
the court’s pronouncements in open court and because the trial court did not dispose of
the entire case, we must dismiss for lack of a final, appealable order. Unless and until
the city dismisses the remaining counts or the trial court conducts a hearing at which it
makes an appropriate disposition of all counts based on the evidence presented at trial, we
will not have a final, appealable order.
Appeal dismissed.
BOYLE, P.J., concurs.
GALLAGHER, J., dissents.
MARY J. BOYLE, P.J., concurring.
{¶ 16} This is not a Baker issue! The majority does not dismiss this appeal based
upon a Baker issue. Thus, respectfully I write separately, as I do not agree with the
dissent and concur completely with the majority opinion.
{¶ 17} In my review of the record, following the bench trial, the trial court failed to
find Go Invest Wisely, L.L.C. (“GIW”), guilty of Counts 2 through 26. Further, at the
sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced GIW only on Count 1, again never
addressing the remaining 25 counts.
{¶ 18} The first sentencing judgment entry also reflects the court’s failure to find
GIW guilty and its failure to sentence GIW on the 25 other counts. Although the trial
court tried to correct the error in sentencing in its revised judgment entry, that attempt did
not cure the error, as GIW’s right to be present at every critical stage of the proceedings
pursuant to Section 10, Article I, Ohio Constitution and Crim.R. 43(A) encompassed the
right to be present during the imposition of the determination of guilt and of the sentence.
State v. Nichols, 5th Dist. No. 2006CA0077, 2007-Ohio-3257.
SEAN C. GALLAGHER, J., dissenting.
{¶ 19} I respectfully dissent from the majority opinion. I would not find the order
issued by the trial court following remand to be in conflict with State v. Baker, 119 Ohio
St.3d 197, 2008-Ohio-3330, 893 N.E.2d 163. In my view, the order issued is complete,
addressed all counts, and is not in direct conflict with what was originally stated on the
record. The transcript from the June 17, 2010 hearing reflects that the court said that the
defendant was out of compliance from August 27, 2009, to February 26, 2010, and that
the maximum fine is $5,000 a day for each day out of compliance for each of the
violations that have not been corrected. The court then referred to the figure of
$915,000.
{¶ 20} I will concede the breakdown of the counts during the hearing could have
been more thorough, but the trial court was clearly referring to all the counts, and the
court unequivocally outlined those counts and the manner of conviction in the revised
order dated May 11, 2011.
{¶ 21} The notice of appeal was filed on November 10, 2010. The briefs were in
on March 2, 2011. The case was remanded to the trial court to address the Baker issue
in April and returned to this court in May. While I understand the majority’s desire to
see absolute symmetry between the transcript and the final journal entry, I do not see this
as reaching the level of a Baker violation. Thus, I respectfully dissent.