McNichols v. McNichols , 2013 Ohio 4935 ( 2013 )

[Cite as McNichols v. McNichols, 2013-Ohio-4935.]
COURT OF APPEALS
LICKING COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
CONNIE S. McNICHOLS : JUDGES:
: Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. John W. Wise, J.
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J.
-vs- :
:
KENNEY W. McNICHOLS : Case No. 13-CA-28
:
Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Court of Common
Pleas, Case No. 2010 DR 803
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT: November 6, 2013
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
CHRISTOPHER M. SHOOK KENNETH J. MOLNAR
33 West Main Street JOHN R. CORNELY
P.O. Box 4190 21 Middle Street
Newark, OH 43058-4190 P.O. Box 248
Galena, OH 43021
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 2
Farmer, P.J.
{¶1} On June 5, 1971, appellant, Kenney McNichols, and appellee, Connie
McNichols, were married. On May 20, 2010, appellee filed a complaint for divorce. A
final hearing commenced on May 22, 2012. By judgment decree of divorce filed
January 25, 2013, the trial court granted the divorce and ordered appellant to pay
appellee $800.00 per month for spousal support. A nunc pro tunc judgment decree of
divorce to correct three scriveners errors was filed on March 1, 2013.
{¶2} Appellant filed an appeal and this matter is now before this court for
consideration. Assignments of error are as follows:
I
{¶3} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN REQUIRING APPELLANT TO PAY
APPELLEE THE SUM OF EIGHT HUNDRED DOLLARS ($800.00) PER MONTH IN
SPOUSAL SUPPORT."
II
{¶4} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AND ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN
AWARDING APPELLEE SPOUSAL SUPPORT AS TO THE AWARD ITSELF, AND
THE AMOUNT OF THE AWARD, THE SAME BEING UNJUST AND INEQUITABLE."
I, II
{¶5} Appellant claims the trial court's award of spousal support to appellee,
both as to its appropriateness and its amount, was an abuse of discretion and against
the manifest weight of evidence. We disagree.
{¶6} A trial court has broad discretion in determining a spousal support award.
Neville v. Neville, 99 Ohio St. 3d 275, 2003–Ohio–3624; Stevens v. Stevens, 23 Ohio
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 3
St.3d 115 (1986). In order to find an abuse of that discretion, we must determine the
trial court's decision was unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable and not merely an
error of law or judgment. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St. 3d 217 (1983).
{¶7} On review for manifest weight, the standard in a civil case is identical to
the standard in a criminal case: a reviewing court is to examine the entire record, weigh
the evidence and all reasonable inferences, consider the credibility of witnesses and
determine "whether in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the jury [or finder of fact]
clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction
[decision] must be reversed and a new trial ordered." State v. Martin, 20 Ohio App. 3d
172, 175 (1983). See also, State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St. 3d 380, 1997-Ohio-52;
Eastley v. Volkman, 132 Ohio St. 3d 328, 2012-Ohio-2179.
{¶8} R.C. 3105.18 governs spousal support. Subsection (C) states the
following:
(C)(1) In determining whether spousal support is appropriate and
reasonable, and in determining the nature, amount, and terms of payment,
and duration of spousal support, which is payable either in gross or in
installments, the court shall consider all of the following factors:
(a) The income of the parties, from all sources, including, but not
limited to, income derived from property divided, disbursed, or distributed
under section 3105.171 of the Revised Code;
(b) The relative earning abilities of the parties;
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 4
(c) The ages and the physical, mental, and emotional conditions of
the parties;
(d) The retirement benefits of the parties;
(e) The duration of the marriage;
(f) The extent to which it would be inappropriate for a party,
because that party will be custodian of a minor child of the marriage, to
seek employment outside the home;
(g) The standard of living of the parties established during the
marriage;
(h) The relative extent of education of the parties;
(i) The relative assets and liabilities of the parties, including but not
limited to any court-ordered payments by the parties;
(j) The contribution of each party to the education, training, or
earning ability of the other party, including, but not limited to, any party's
contribution to the acquisition of a professional degree of the other party;
(k) The time and expense necessary for the spouse who is seeking
spousal support to acquire education, training, or job experience so that
the spouse will be qualified to obtain appropriate employment, provided
the education, training, or job experience, and employment is, in fact,
sought;
(l) The tax consequences, for each party, of an award of spousal
support;
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 5
(m) The lost income production capacity of either party that resulted
from that party's marital responsibilities;
(n) Any other factor that the court expressly finds to be relevant and
equitable.
{¶9} In its nunc pro tunc judgment decree of divorce filed March 1, 2013, the
trial court awarded appellee $800.00 a month in spousal support to be permanent in
nature, and was explicit in its detail on the issue:
a) Income of the parties from all sources, including, but not limited
to, income derived from property divided, disbursed, or distributed under
Section 3105.171 of the Revised Code:
Plaintiff is not currently employed due to health reasons. Plaintiff
testified that at her last place of employment, A-Oak Farms, she earned
$9.00 per hour and averaged 25 hours per week. This job consisted of
manual labor arranging and caring for plants and flowers in various hotels
and office buildings. Plaintiff earned $36,122.00 in 2010 ($30,522.00 from
spousal support), and $2,912.00 in 2011.
The defendant was employed as the owner of McNichols Roofing,
Inc. and its subsidiaries from 1989 until December 2010 when the
company filed for bankruptcy. Prior to 2010, the defendant testified he
earned an average of approximately $62,000.00 per year and paid
personal expenses from company accounts. The defendant testified that
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 6
in 2010 he paid himself a salary of $756.87 per week, and his income tax
return for 2010 indicated $31,150.00 in gross income. Defendant's 2011
income was $9,975.00, and he testified he earned $5,000.00 in 2012 as of
the date of the trial.
The defendant is currently employed part-time as an inside sales
representative for 84 Lumber. Defendant started this employment in June
of 2012 and earns $8.00 per hour, plus commission. Defendant estimates
his income to be approximately $25,000.00 per year.
b) The relative earning abilities of the parties:
The plaintiff has a GED and a master of gardening certificate.
Plaintiff's most recent employment was physical labor caring for plants and
landscapes, wherein she earned $9.00 per hour. During the parties'
marriage, plaintiff was employed as a bookkeeper and secretary for
McNichols Roofing.
The defendant has worked in the roofing industry for approximately
thirty years. The defendant was the owner of a company, and is
experienced in contracting for jobs and hiring people to do the work. The
defendant testified that he lacks computer skills, and most jobs now
require computer generated estimates and calculations.
***
n) Any other factor the Court expressly finds to be relevant and
equitable:
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 7
The plaintiff's income earning potential is greatly reduced due to her
recent heart attack. Moreover, plaintiff has limited office skills and was
most recently employed performing physical labor caring for plants and
landscapes. While plaintiff currently receives assistance from her son in
Georgia, she hopes the living arrangement is temporary and expects to
pay $931.00 per month for housing expenses.
The defendant's income is reduced from when he owned the
roofing company as he is currently working for a lumber supply company
on a minimal wage and commission basis. The Court finds that the
defendant has 25+ years of experience in the roofing and construction
business, and therefore has the ability to earn more than he is currently is
earning. The defendant should be able to leverage his past experience
into a better paying position, even if he does not own his own company.
{¶10} A review of the record demonstrates that the parties, married since 1971,
managed a successful roofing business, first from their home and later from a separate
location. T. at 126, 150, 222. In fact, they owned subsidiaries, rental properties, and a
marital residence. T. at 125, 139, 185-187, 204-207. Because of the economic
downturn in 2010, the business failed, necessitating a corporate bankruptcy and the
loss of basically all of their assets. T. at 224-225, 239-240, 281. As a result, appellant,
as the primary provider, was virtually unemployed from 2010 to 2012. T. at 105, 108,
281-282. However, during this time period, appellant helped with small remodeling jobs
for which he was compensated. T. at 104-107.
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 8
{¶11} Due to the filing of the divorce action, appellant's failure to pay temporary
spousal support in 2010, and the subsequent foreclosure of the marital residence,
appellee moved to Savannah, Georgia to live rent free in a home owned by her
daughter-in-law. T. at 135-136, 159. While in Savannah, appellee obtained a job
working twenty-five hours a week at $9.00 per hour maintaining interior plants and
landscaping. T. at 161-162, 169. Appellee worked up until she suffered a heart attack.
T. at 163-164. Thereafter, she lost her job because she could not obtain a work release
due to being on blood thinners. T. at 165-166. Appellee's debts included a hospital bill
of $38,000.00+ and a deficiency judgment on the foreclosed marital residence of
$64,000.00+. T. at 171-172, 213-214. Appellant had filed for personal bankruptcy
which freed him from the obligation on the marital residence deficiency judgment. T. at
239.
{¶12} Appellant recently obtained employment, with the ability to earn
$25,000.00 per year if he worked full time. T. at 233-234. Appellant chose to give up
the roofing business because he was unable to do the work and did not have "today's
skills." T. at 109, 130, 231, 240-241. However, there was evidence that appellant
facilitated his sister in her new roofing business, and he mysteriously was able to repay
a $70,000.00+ loan in less than a year during the economic crisis at his business. T. at
57-59, 64, 249-251, 297-298, 301-304.
{¶13} The evidence demonstrates that appellee has few marketable skills and is
unable to work verses appellant's choice not to return to his profession and his ability to
obtain a moderate job. We find no error in the trial court determining that spousal
support was appropriate given the forty-one year marriage.
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 9
{¶14} As explained by the Supreme Court of Ohio in Kunkle v. Kunkle, 51 Ohio
St.3d 64 (1990), paragraph one of the syllabus:
Except in cases involving a marriage of long duration, parties of
advanced age or a homemaker-spouse with little opportunity to develop
meaningful employment outside the home, where a payee spouse has the
resources, ability and potential to be self-supporting, an award of
sustenance alimony should provide for the termination of the award, within
a reasonable time and upon a date certain, in order to place a definitive
limit upon the parties' rights and responsibilities.
{¶15} Although the trial court did not set a date certain for termination of spousal
support, it did set forth various grounds that would result in the termination of spousal
support i.e., death of either party, appellee's remarriage or cohabitation with an
unrelated adult male. In addition, the trial court expressly retained jurisdiction to modify
the spousal support award upon a significant change of circumstances. Shoemaker v.
Shoemaker, 5th Dist. Knox App. No. 00CA13, 2000 WL 1862835 (December 15, 2000).
{¶16} As for the $800.00 amount, appellant testified he was debt free because of
the bankruptcies and had minimal living expenses as he was living with a female friend
who "pays most of the bills." T. at 282. Appellee on the other hand had a $360.00
monthly car payment, a health care obligation of $38,000.00+, and the possibility of
collection on the marital residence deficiency judgment ($64,000.00+). T. at 144, 171-
172, 213-214. Appellee also will have to start paying rent. T. at 159-160.
LIcking County, Case No. 13-CA-28 10
{¶17} The trial court ordered appellant to pay one-half of the marital residence
deficiency judgment if appellee was required to pay it. Appellant argues this order
should impact spousal support; however, it was a division of marital debt under R.C.
3105.171.
{¶18} Upon review, we find the evidence supports a spousal support award and
the trial court did not abuse its discretion in awarding appellee $800.00 per month.
{¶19} Assignments of Error I and II are denied.
{¶20} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Licking County, Ohio is
hereby affirmed.
By Farmer, P.J.
Wise, J. and
Delaney, J. concur.
_______________________________
Hon. Sheila G. Farmer
_______________________________
Hon. John W. Wise
_______________________________
Hon. Patricia A. Delaney
SGF/sg 1021
[Cite as McNichols v. McNichols, 2013-Ohio-4935.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR LICKING COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
CONNIE S. McNICHOLS :
:
Plaintiff-Appellee :
:
-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY
:
KENNEY W. McNICHOLS :
:
Defendant-Appellant : CASE NO. 13-CA-28
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the
judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Licking County, Ohio is affirmed. Costs to
appellant.
_______________________________
Hon. Sheila G. Farmer
_______________________________
Hon. John W. Wise
_______________________________
Hon. Patricia A. Delaney