Proctor v. Hobbs , 2015 Ark. 42 ( 2015 )

Cite as 2015 Ark. 42SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS
No. CV-14-768
TERRANCE PROCTOR Opinion Delivered February 12, 2015
APPELLANT
APPEAL FROM THE LINCOLN
V. COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
[NO. LCV 2013-56-5]
RAY HOBBS, DIRECTOR, HONORABLE JODI RAINES
ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF DENNIS, JUDGE
CORRECTION
APPELLEE AFFIRMED.
JIM HANNAH, Chief Justice
In this appeal from the resentencing that was required pursuant to the United States
Supreme Court’s decision in Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. 48 (2010), appellant, Terrance
Proctor, challenges his new sentence, a term of forty years, imposed for a nonhomicide
offense he committed when he was seventeen years old. The sole issue on appeal is whether
we should overrule or modify our decision in Hobbs v. Turner, 2014 Ark. 19, 431 S.W.3d 283,
in which we concluded that the proper State habeas remedy for a sentence rendered illegal
by Graham is to reduce that sentence from life to the maximum term-of-years sentence
allowed by law. We decline the invitation to overrule or modify Turner and affirm the
sentence imposed by the circuit court.
Proctor committed a string of aggravated robberies in 1982 when he was seventeen
years old. On January 13, 1983, he pled guilty in the Pulaski County Circuit Court to ten
counts of aggravated robbery and one count of robbery. For one of the aggravated-robbery
convictions, Proctor was sentenced to a term of life imprisonment. For the remaining offenses,
Cite as 2015 Ark. 42he was sentenced to a total of two hundred years’ imprisonment, to be served consecutively
to his life sentence.
In 2010, the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Eighth Amendment
“forbids a State from imposing a life without parole sentence on a juvenile nonhomicide
offender.” Graham, 560 U.S. at 75. Thereafter, Proctor filed a petition for writ of habeas
corpus in the Lincoln County Circuit Court and alleged that, pursuant to the Court’s decision
in Graham, his sentence of life imprisonment for the nonhomicide offense of aggravated
robbery was illegal. He requested that the circuit court vacate his sentence and contended
that, if the State sought to resentence him, he was entitled to a resentencing proceeding in the
circuit court in which he had been convicted. After a hearing on the petition, the circuit court
entered an order granting writ of habeas corpus and reducing sentence. In the order, the
circuit court found that Proctor’s life sentence is unconstitutional under Graham; that pursuant
to this court’s decision in Turner, the remedy for a Graham violation is to reduce the
petitioner’s life sentence to the maximum term-of-years sentence available for the crime at
the time it was committed; and that Proctor is not entitled to a resentencing proceeding in
the circuit court in which he was convicted. Accordingly, the circuit court reduced Proctor’s
life sentence to a sentence of forty years.1
Proctor acknowledges that, in Turner, this court rejected the argument that he makes
on appeal—that a person resentenced under Graham is entitled to a plenary resentencing
1
When Proctor committed the crime, aggravated robbery, a Class Y felony, was
punishable by a sentence of not less than ten years and not more than forty years, or life. Ark.
Stat. Ann. §§ 41-901(a), 41-2102(2) (Supp. 1981).
2
Cite as 2015 Ark. 42hearing. He asks that we overrule or modify our decision in Turner, but he gives us no
compelling reason to do so.
As the State points out, although Proctor complains about the application of Turner to
the facts of his case, his grievance does not appear to be with the Graham-Turner sentence
itself, but with his ten other convictions, for which he is serving a cumulative sentence of 200
years in prison. As to the forty-year Graham-Turner sentence at issue in this case, Proctor is
eligible for parole after serving one-half of that sentence. See Ark. Code Ann. § 16-93-
604(b)(3) (Repl. 2006) (addressing parole eligibility for a person who pleads guilty to a Class
Y felony committed between April 1, 1977, and April 1, 1983). Thus, Proctor would now
be parole eligible but for the fact that he is serving numerous other sentences.2
Given that the application of our holding in Turner to this case reduced Proctor’s life
sentence to a term of forty years with parole eligibility after serving one-half of that time,
Proctor has failed to demonstrate that great injury or injustice will result from our refusal to
overrule or modify Turner. See, e.g., B.C. v. State, 344 Ark. 385, 390, 40 S.W.3d 315, 318–19
(2001) (stating that the party asking us to overrule a prior decision has the burden of showing
that great injury or injustice will result from our refusal to overrule the prior decision). We
affirm the sentence imposed by the circuit court.
Affirmed.
Jeff Rosenzweig, for appellant.
Dustin McDaniel, Att’y Gen., by: Kathryn Henry, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.
2
In seeking habeas relief, Proctor alleged only that his life sentence for aggravated
robbery was illegal under Graham. He did not allege that his cumulative sentence was illegal
under Graham.
3