Davis v. State , 2016 Ark. 69 ( 2016 )

Cite as 2016 Ark. 69
SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS.
No. CR-09-339
ADAM DAVIS Opinion Delivered February 18, 2016
PETITIONER
PRO SE PETITION TO REINVEST
V. JURISDICTION IN THE TRIAL
COURT TO CONSIDER A
PETITION FOR WRIT OF ERROR
STATE OF ARKANSAS CORAM NOBIS
[GARLAND COUNTY CIRCUIT
RESPONDENT COURT, NO. 26CR-07-365]
PETITION DENIED.
PER CURIAM
In 2008, petitioner Adam Davis was found guilty by a jury of capital murder,
attempted first-degree murder, and two counts of use of a firearm in the commission of a
felony. Consecutive sentences of life imprisonment without parole and a total of 720
months’ imprisonment were imposed. We affirmed. Davis v. State, 2009 Ark. 478, 348
S.W.3d 553.
Now before us is Davis’s pro se petition to reinvest jurisdiction in the trial court to
consider a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the case. The function of the writ is to
secure relief from a judgment rendered while there existed some fact that would have
prevented its rendition if it had been known to the trial court and which, through no
negligence or fault of the defendant, was not brought forward before rendition of the
judgment. Newman v. State, 2009 Ark. 539, 354 S.W.3d 61. The petitioner has the burden
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of demonstrating a fundamental error of fact extrinsic to the record. Roberts v. State, 2013
Ark. 56, 425 S.W.3d 771.
The writ is allowed only under compelling circumstances to achieve justice and to
address errors of the most fundamental nature. Id. A writ of error coram nobis is available
for addressing certain errors that are found in one of four categories: (1) insanity at the time
of trial, (2) a coerced guilty plea, (3) material evidence withheld by the prosecutor, or (4) a
third-party confession to the crime during the time between conviction and appeal. Howard
v. State, 2012 Ark. 177, 403 S.W.3d 38.
The petition for leave to proceed in the trial court is necessary because the trial court
can entertain a petition for writ of error coram nobis after a judgment has been affirmed on
appeal only after we grant permission. Newman, 2009 Ark. 539, 354 S.W.3d 61. In making
such a determination, we look to the reasonableness of the allegations in the petition and to
the existence of the probability of truth thereof. Howard, 2012 Ark. 177, 403 S.W.3d 38.
A writ of error coram nobis is an extraordinarily rare remedy. State v. Larimore, 341 Ark.
397, 17 S.W.3d 87 (2000). Coram-nobis proceedings are attended by a strong presumption
that the judgment of conviction is valid. Westerman v. State, 2015 Ark. 69, at 4, 456 S.W.3d
374, 376.
In his petition, Davis argues at length that he was not afforded effective assistance of
counsel at trial and on direct appeal. The claim is not a ground for a writ of error coram
nobis. This court has repeatedly held that ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims are not
cognizable in error-coram-nobis proceedings and that such proceedings are not a substitute
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for raising ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims under Arkansas Rule of Criminal
Procedure 37.1 (2015). White v. State, 2015 Ark. 151, at 4, 460 S.W.3d 285, 288.
Davis also asserts that the evidence was not sufficient to sustain the judgment and
that certain witnesses were not credible. The weight of the evidence in support of the
judgment and the credibility of witnesses are also not within the purview of a coram-nobis
proceeding. Pinder v. State, 2015 Ark. 423, 474 S.W.3d 490 (per curiam). Such questions
are properly settled at trial and on the record on direct appeal. Carter v. State, 2015 Ark.
397 (per curiam).
Intertwined throughout Davis’s petition are allegations of errors made by the trial
court in its decisions in the course of the trial, the denial of due process of law, and
prosecutorial misconduct. We need not reiterate the myriad errors that Davis ascribes to
the trial court in its rulings or the claims of denial of due process or prosecutorial misconduct
that are chiefly concerned with whether all the evidence that Davis desired to bring forth
to the jury was allowed into evidence. It will suffice to say that arguments raised by Davis
could have been addressed at trial because, by their very nature, the issues could have been
settled at trial; therefore, the allegations, including those that Davis contends are of
constitutional dimension, are outside the scope of a coram-nobis petition. Johnson v. State,
2015 Ark. 170, 460 S.W.3d 790 (per curiam).
The sole claim raised by Davis in his petition that could potentially be grounds for
issuance of a writ of error coram nobis is that he was mentally incompetent. Davis alleges
the following: his attorney was “never allowed to properly present the right psychiatric
proof to the court or jury”; he was deprived by his attorney and the trial court of his
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“evidentiary proof” because the records of the mental evaluations conducted by two
psychiatrists, Dr. Robert Gale and Dr. Elizabeth Speck-Kern, were not admitted into
evidence; he was denied the opportunity to raise the issue of his history of having a mental
defect and having acted out of the heat of passion when he committed the offenses; it was
not brought to the jury’s attention that a jury instruction should have been given on
manslaughter as a lesser-included offense, considering that he acted in the heat of passion.
Davis argued at trial that his intent or state of mind was the central issue in whether
he was guilty of the offenses and that the State failed to prove that he acted with the requisite
mental state for each offense. Defense counsel sought, and was denied, instructions on the
lesser-included offenses of second-degree murder and manslaughter with extreme emotional
disturbance. It appears that the crux of Davis’s allegations with respect to the evidence
adduced at trial, as well as the evidence that he argues could have been adduced, is that there
was information available that he wanted the jury to hear that was not brought out. As
such, the assertion does not satisfy any ground for granting the writ because Davis does not
argue that there was any evidence extrinsic to the record that was hidden from the defense
or that was unknown at the time of trial. Larimore v. State, 327 Ark. 271, 938 S.W.2d 818
(1997). Neither Davis’s dissatisfaction with the trial court’s rulings nor his dissatisfaction
with the evidence presented to the jury constitutes a showing of extrinsic evidence that
would have produced a different verdict had it been known at trial. See Cloird v. State, 357
Ark. 446, 182 S.W.3d 477 (2004).
Throughout his petition, Davis cites legal precedent that pertains not to coram-nobis
proceedings, but to motions to recall the mandate in criminal cases. It appears that he desires
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this court to apply the criteria by which such motions are considered to his claims rather
than to apply the criteria employed to rule on coram-nobis petitions. If so, such motions
are not interchangeable with coram-nobis proceedings. Motions to recall mandates have
been consistently considered by this court in criminal cases only where the death penalty
has been imposed, and motions to recall the mandate in those cases are judged by criteria
particular to that cause of action. See Ward v. State, 2015 Ark. 61, at 4, 455 S.W.3d 818,
821, cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 136 S. Ct. 356 (2015). We decline to expand coram-nobis
proceedings as a remedy to include the grounds asserted by Davis.
Petition denied.
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