Houston Belt Terminal Ry. Co. v. Rucker , 167 S.W. 301 ( 1914 )

This is a suit for damages, in the sum of $255, to an automobile, instituted by appellee against appellant. A trial by the court, without a jury, resulted in a judgment in favor of appellee for $145.40.

This is a fact case, and the seven assignments of error taken together amount to a contention that the accident to the automobile was not caused through the lack of a watchman at the crossing where the car was injured, nor through any failure on the part of appellant's engineer to stop the engine when the peril of the car was discovered, or to ring the bell and blow the whistle. Those were the grounds of negligence alleged in the petition. This necessitates a review of the testimony.

On the night of June 15, 1912, an automobile, driven by D.C. Rucker, a son of appellee, and containing five other persons, approached a street crossing in the city of Houston at a speed of 15 to 25 miles an hour, and the driver, seeing an engine and car about to cross the street at a distance of 50 or 75 feet ahead, turned the automobile so as to run into another street, and one of the rear wheels went off the bridge it was on, and the automobile was wrecked. The automobile was coming into Houston on Preston avenue when the engine was approaching the crossing of the avenue. The driver of the car did not put on the emergency brake when he saw the engine. An automobile going at the rate of 20 miles an hour can be stopped in 50 feet. There was a house that somewhat obstructed the view of the track from Preston avenue. The bridge was on Hutchins street, and the automobile had turned on it when it went over the bridge. The automobile was going at such a rate of speed that when it jumped off the bridge it went clear across the ditches alongside the bridge. The locomotive was running at the rate of 3 or 4 miles an hour. There was testimony that there were harsh words between the parties in the automobile after the wreck, and cursing and swearing in the presence of the women. The party in the automobile had taken beer while they were out, and one of them was admittedly intoxicated.

If appellant was guilty of negligence in not stopping the engine, or in not keeping a watchman at the crossing, the driver of the automobile was guilty of driving at a rate of speed ranging from 15 to 30 miles an hour in a city, and when approaching a railroad crossing, as well as a street crossing. If the automobile was running at the rate of only 15 miles an hour, as testified by the driver, when he approached the crossing, he could, under the testimony, have stopped the car in less than 50 feet, which would not have taken the automobile to the engine. If the house was 83 feet by actual measurement from the railroad track, the driver should have seen the engine before it reached the street. The driver said:

"I can stop the car in a space of from 25 to 35 feet when going at the rate of 15 miles."

If his brakes were not in first-class condition, he should not have gone at a street and railroad crossing at the rate he was moving. The driver was not sure that he had on the brakes when the automobile went off the bridge. He did not testify to making any effort to stop the automobile. It was in testimony that the emergency brake should have been put on when the driver attempted to turn into the side street. The facts indicate reckless driving and a disregard of the rules of safety by a party at a late hour of the night, and after drinking beer and whisky. No one denied that the men were intoxicated, except the driver, and the cursing and swearing in the presence of his female companions after the accident did not tend to corroborate his testimony. The evidence showed that the driver saw the engine more than 50 feet off, because it was more than 50 feet to where the automobile began to turn into Hutchins street. He could have seen it for a distance of 120 feet. The distance from the east side of Hutchins street, where the driver sought to make the turn, to where the engine was standing was 76 feet by actual measurement. The evidence clearly shows that the negligence of the driver concurred with the negligence, if any, of appellant in causing the wreck.

The court concluded that the automobile was not running at a high rate of speed, in the face of physical facts indicating that a different conclusion should have been reached, and based his conclusion on the fact that none of the occupants of the automobile was injured. This is not an infallible test, because so many escapes from danger caused by reckless driving seem almost miraculous, sustaining the view that a kind Providence tenderly cares for certain people under certain conditions.

The court found that the bell was ringing when the locomotive approached the crossing, and that the accident occurred through the negligence of appellant in not having a watchman at the crossing, and in the engineer failing to stop the locomotive before it reached the crossing, although he had been informed by a switchman that an automobile was approaching. How a watchman could have prevented the automobile from approaching the crossing as it did does not appear from the testimony. The engine went only about one-third of the way across the street before it stopped, leaving two-thirds of the street open.

The driver saw the locomotive at such distance that he could have stopped before reaching the engine, and, if he could not have done so, there was ample space for him to have passed in front of the engine which had stopped.

The evidence showed without contradiction that the automobile was being propelled at a greater rate of speed than 18 miles an hour along a street in the built-up portion of a city, and the court finds that it was running from 15 to 25 miles an hour. Such rate of speed was a direct violation of article 815, Penal Code, and the driver of the automobile was guilty of negligence per se in driving it at the rate of speed at which he admitted he was going. If by ordinance of the city of Houston a greater rate of speed than 18 miles an hour was permitted, appellee should have shown it in order to meet the demand of the statute. Railway v. Harris, 103 Tex. 422, 128 S.W. 897; Railway v. Shieder, 88 Tex. 152,30 S.W. 902, 28 L.R.A. 538. The overturning of the automobile was directly attributable to the violation of the statute, and the owner of the car cannot recover. When the violation of a law proximately contributes to his own damage, a plaintiff is precluded from recovering damages. Railway v. Cocke, 64 Tex. 151; Railway v. Carter, 98 Tex. 196,82 S.W. 782, 107 Am. St. Rep. 626. All of the testimony clearly and indisputably shows that, If the automobile had been running at the rate of 8 miles or even 18 miles an hour, it could have been stopped without difficulty, and the trouble avoided, for it shows that, if any care had been exercised, the automobile could have been stopped before reaching the railroad track, if the speed had not been greater than 15 miles an hour. The testimony justified the finding of the court that it was probably going at the rate of more than 18 miles an hour, the maximum speed fixed by the Penal Code in city and county. If punished in no other way, a violation of the statute should preclude a recovery for damages, to person or property, when it is the proximate cause of the accident.

The judgment is reversed, and judgment here rendered that appellee take nothing by his suit, and pay all costs in this behalf expended.