State v. Henry , 96 N.E.3d 1123 ( 2017 )

[Cite as State v. Henry, 2017-Ohio-7426.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
CLARK COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO :
:
Plaintiff-Appellee : Appellate Case No. 2016-CA-57
:
v. : Trial Court Case No. 1999-CR-296
:
ANJUAN HENRY : (Criminal Appeal from
: Common Pleas Court)
Defendant-Appellant :
:
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OPINION
Rendered on the 1st day of September, 2017.
...........
ANDREW P. PICKERING, Atty. Reg. No. 0068770, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, Clark
County Prosecutor’s Office, 50 East Columbia Street, Fourth Floor, Springfield, Ohio
45501
Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
ANJUAN HENRY, Inmate No. 401-154, London Correctional Institution, P.O. Box 69,
London, Ohio 43140
Defendant-Appellant-Pro Se
.............
WELBAUM, J.
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{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Anjuan C. Henry, appeals from the decisions of the
Clark County Court of Common Pleas denying both his pro se motion for a new trial and
his pro se motion for leave to file a motion for a new trial. For the reasons outlined below,
the judgment of the trial court will be reversed and remanded for further proceedings
consistent with this Opinion.
I. Facts and Course of Proceedings
{¶ 2} On June 14, 1999, the Clark County Grand Jury indicted Henry on one count
of willfully eluding or fleeing a police officer in violation of R.C. 2921.331(B), one count of
receiving or retaining stolen property in violation of R.C. 2913.51, and one count of
possession of crack cocaine in an amount exceeding one hundred grams in violation of
R.C. 2925.11. The drug possession count had a major drug specification pursuant to
R.C. 2925.01. Dkt. 1. The three counts were brought against Henry in Clark County
Court of Common Pleas Case No. 99-CR-296.
{¶ 3} On February 28, 2000, the trial court consolidated Case No. 99-CR-296 with
Case No. 99-CR-584, which involved two counts of drug trafficking in crack cocaine
brought against Henry. Dkt. 24. Henry’s jury trial in the consolidated cases began on
May 15, 2000. The jury returned guilty verdicts on both counts of drug trafficking and
one count of possession of crack cocaine with a major drug specification. Dkt. 29, 37.
On September 22, 2000, the trial court sentenced Henry. Dkt. 37. On appeal, we
reversed Henry’s convictions and remanded the cause for further proceedings consistent
with our Opinion. State v. Henry, 2d Dist. Clark No. 2000-CA-80, 2002 WL 125717 (Feb.
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1, 2002).
{¶ 4} After we remanded the cause, the two criminal cases were severed. In June
2003, Henry was re-tried in Case No. 99-CR-296. The jury found Henry guilty of the
possession charge. Dkt. 54. On June 27, 2003, the trial court found that Henry was a
major drug offender pursuant to R.C. 2925.01 and 2929.13(F) and sentenced Henry to a
total prison term of seventeen years. Dkt. 55. On appeal, we affirmed Henry’s
conviction and sentence in Case No. 99-CR-296. Dkt. 61; State v. Henry, 2d Dist. Clark
Nos. 2003-CA-47 and 2003-CA-88, 2005-Ohio-4512. On January 7, 2011, the trial court
issued an amended judgment entry of conviction. Dkt. 64.
{¶ 5} On April 5, 2016, Henry filed a “Crim. Rule 33(B) Motion For Leave To File A
Delayed Motion For A New Trial” in Case No. 99-CR-296. Dkt. 65. Henry attached two
affidavits to this motion. First, his March 21, 2016 affidavit stated, in pertinent part:
In Feb of 2016, my ex-fiancée and children’s mother, Erica Bibbs, did
inform me that leading up to and during my June 2003 jury trial for
possession on [sic] cocaine, she was having an affair with my trial attorney.
She was reluctant to provide the affidavit attached to the motion for
leave because she said it would make her “look bad” and also inquired as
to whether his attorney could “get in trouble” if this came out.
{¶ 6} The second affidavit was a March 14, 2016 affidavit of Erica Bibbs. The
affidavit stated:
I Erica Bibbs, aver and attest to the following . . . before and during
my ex fiancé and my children’s father, (Anjuan Henry), June 2003 jury trial,
I was engaged in a romantic relationship with his attorney.
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{¶ 7} On May 20, 2016, Henry filed a motion to include a supplemental affidavit in
support of his previously filed motion for leave. Dkt. 66. Henry’s May 16, 2016 affidavit
attached to the motion stated, in pertinent part:
In April of 2013, my ex-fiancée and I began communicating on an
intimate level again.
We both came to an agreement to try to repair our relationship.
We’ve been successful in that endeavour [sic] for the past few years.
In Feb of 2016, my ex-fiancée Erica Bibbs, told me that, years ago
she did something that she regrets, and that she was tired of living with the
guilt of it. That’s when, for the first time, she revealed the affair she had
with my trial attorney, while he was representing me.
{¶ 8} On June 14, 2016, Henry filed a “Criminal Rule 33(A)(1) New Trial Motion
(Irregularities In Proceedings During Trial And Subsequent To Sentencing).” Dkt. 67.
In this filing, Henry cited, among other things, Disciplinary Counsel v. Owen, 142 Ohio
St.3d 323, 2014-Ohio-4597, 30 N.E.3d 910. In response to Henry’s Motion, the State
cited State v. Caulley, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 12AP-1000, 2012-Ohio-2649, for the
proposition that “in order to satisfy a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel based on
a conflict of interest, a criminal defendant must demonstrate that an actual conflict of
interest adversely affected trial counsel’s performance.” Dkt. 72, p. 1.
{¶ 9} In a September 8, 2016 Entry, the trial court stated (Dkt. 76):
The matter is before the Court on the motion of the Defendant for a
new trial on the grounds that his trial counsel in [sic] conflict of interest. The
defendant alleges that the conflict of interest was based upon a relationship
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between his attorney and the defendant’s girlfriend at the time. The motion
does not contain any information, assuming that an improper relationship
existed between counsel and the defendant’s girlfriend, as to how said
relationship adversely affected counsel’s representation of the defendant.
Court has reviewed the motion and the response filed by the State.
The Court finds that the defendant’s motion fails to state sufficient grounds
for a new trial.
Therefore, the Court finds the motion is not well taken and the same
is DENIED.
{¶ 10} The trial court subsequently issued a November 8, 2016 entry, stating (Dkt.
79):
This matter is before the Court on the pro se motion of the defendant
for leave to file a delayed motion for a new trial. Upon review of the
arguments and the record, the Court finds the motion is not well taken and
the same is DENIED.
{¶ 11} Henry appeals from the trial court’s September 8, 2016 and November 8,
2016 decisions.
II. The Trial Court Abused Its Discretion In Denying Henry’s Motion For Leave
Without Making A Credibility Determination
{¶ 12} Henry’s first assignment of error states:
THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN OVERRULING
APPELLANT’S MOTION FOR LEAVE WHICH WAS SUPPORTED BY
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CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE OF UNAVOIDABLE
PREVENTION.
{¶ 13} Henry filed his motion for a new trial pursuant to Crim.R. 33(A)(1), which
provides: “A new trial may be granted on motion of the defendant for any of the following
causes affecting materially his substantial rights: (1) Irregularity in the proceedings, or
in any order or ruling of the court, or abuse of discretion by the court, because of which
the defendant was prevented from having a fair trial.”
{¶ 14} Crim.R. 33(B) provides the deadlines for filing a motion for new trial.
Crim.R. 33(B) provides, in pertinent part:
Motions for new trial on account of newly discovered evidence shall
be filed within one hundred twenty days after the day upon which the verdict
was rendered, or the decision of the court where trial by jury has been
waived. If it is made to appear by clear and convincing proof that the
defendant was unavoidably prevented from the discovery of the evidence
upon which he must rely, such motion shall be filed within seven days from
an order of the court finding that he was unavoidably prevented from
discovering the evidence within the one hundred twenty day period.
{¶ 15} Pursuant to Crim.R. 33(B), Henry first filed a motion for leave to file a motion
for new trial in which he stated that he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the
evidence of the affair between his trial counsel and his ex-fiancé. If the trial court granted
this motion for leave, Henry would then have seven days from the trial court’s order to file
his motion for new trial. Crim.R. 33(B).
{¶ 16} A defendant is entitled to a hearing on a motion for leave to file a motion for
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a new trial “if he submits ‘documents that on their face support his claim that he was
unavoidably prevented from timely discovering the evidence’ at issue.” State v.
McConnell, 170 Ohio App.3d 800, 2007-Ohio-1181, 869 N.E.2d 77, ¶ 19 (2d Dist.)
(Citations omitted.). The affidavits submitted with Henry’s motion for leave, if found to
be credible, arguably support his claim that he was unavoidably prevented from the
discovery of the alleged affair between his trial counsel and his ex-fiancé, which is the
evidence on which he must rely in his subsequent motion for new trial. Crim.R. 33(B).
{¶ 17} In assessing the credibility of affidavits, the Supreme Court has provided
the following relevant factors to be considered:
(1) whether the judge reviewing the postconviction relief petition also
presided at the trial, (2) whether multiple affidavits contain nearly identical
language, or otherwise appear to have been drafted by the same person,
(3) whether the affidavits contain or rely on hearsay, (4) whether the affiants
are relatives of the petitioner, or otherwise interested in the success of the
petitioner's efforts, and (5) whether the affidavits contradict evidence
proffered by the defense at trial. Moreover, a trial court may find sworn
testimony in an affidavit to be contradicted by evidence in the record by the
same witness, or to be internally inconsistent, thereby weakening the
credibility of that testimony.
State v. Calhoun, 86 Ohio St.3d 279, 285, 714 N.E.2d 905 (1999), citing State v. Moore,
99 Ohio App.3d 748, 754-756, 651 N.E.2d 1319 (1st Dist.1994).
{¶ 18} “[O]ne or more of these or other factors may be sufficient to justify the
conclusion that an affidavit asserting information outside the record lacks credibility.”
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Calhoun at 285. “Such a decision should be within the discretion of the trial court.” Id.“A trial court that discounts the credibility of sworn affidavits should include an explanation
of its basis for doing so in its findings of fact and conclusions of law, in order that
meaningful appellate review may occur.” Id.{¶ 19} Although the Calhoun case involved a review of a petition for post-
conviction relief rather than a motion for new trial, we have held that the Calhoun factors
“also comfortably appl[y] to affidavits submitted in support of a motion for new trial.”
State v. Coleman, 2d Dist. Clark Nos. 04CA43, 04CA44, 2005-Ohio-3874, ¶ 25.
{¶ 20} The trial court overruled Henry’s motion for leave without providing
reasoning for doing so. If accepted as true, Henry’s affidavits arguably support a finding
that he is entitled to a hearing on his motion for leave. But one or more of the Calhoun
factors may apply to discount the credibility of the affidavits submitted in support of
Henry’s motion for leave. The trial court, though, did not make any credibility
determinations when it overruled Henry’s motion for leave. Therefore, based on the
record before us, we conclude that the trial court abused its discretion in overruling
Henry’s motion for leave without a hearing. A remand is necessary for the trial court to
consider, in the first instance, whether the affidavits submitted by Henry in support of his
motion for leave credibly establish, by clear and convincing proof, that he was
unavoidably prevented from discovering the evidence of the affair between his trial
counsel and his ex-fiancé.
{¶ 21} Henry’s first assignment of error is sustained.
{¶ 22} Henry’s second assignment of error states:
THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN OVERRULING
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APPELLANT’S CRIMINAL RULE 33(A)(1) MOTION WHICH WAS
SUPPORTED BY OHIO SUPREME COURT PRECEDENT, IN ADDITION
TO UNCONTROVERTED AFFIDAVITS.
{¶ 23} On remand, the trial court will consider whether the affidavits submitted with
Henry’s motion for leave credibly establish that he was unavoidably prevented from
discovering the evidence of the affair between his trial counsel and his ex-fiancé. We
conclude that it would be premature for us to address Henry’s second assignment of error
relating to his motion for new trial prior to the trial court ruling on Henry’s motion for leave
to file his motion for new trial. Crim.R. 33(B). Consequently, Henry’s second
assignment of error is overruled at this time.
III. Conclusion
{¶ 24} Having sustained Henry’s first assignment of error, the trial court’s
November 8, 2016 decision is reversed and the cause is remanded for further
proceedings consistent with this Opinion.
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FROELICH, J. and TUCKER, J., concur.
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Copies mailed to:
Andrew P. Pickering
Anjuan Henry
Hon. Richard J. O’Neill