State v. Saunders , 2018 Ohio 1127 ( 2018 )

[Cite as State v. Saunders, 2018-Ohio-1127.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
SCIOTO COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
: Case No. 17CA3804
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
:
vs. : DECISION AND JUDGMENT
: ENTRY
JEROME SAUNDERS, :
:
Defendant-Appellant. : Released: 03/22/18
_____________________________________________________________
APPEARANCES:
Jerome Saunders, Nelsonville, Ohio, Pro Se Appellant.
Mark E. Kuhn, Scioto County Prosecuting Attorney, Portsmouth, Ohio, for
Appellee.
_____________________________________________________________
McFarland, J.
{¶1} Jerome Saunders purports to appeal his convictions and
sentences for possession of cocaine and tampering with evidence, after a
prior dismissal of his initial direct appeal for lack of a final appealable order.
However, the judgment entries from which Appellant actually appeals,
which are attached to his notice of appeal, consist of 1) a judgment entry
clarifying that a dismissal entry had previously been filed dismissing the
unresolved counts of the indictment; and 2) a judgment entry denying
Appellant’s motion to withdraw his plea. On appeal, Appellant contends
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 2
that there was no reasonable, articulable suspicion to stop his vehicle and
therefore the trial court’s decision to overrule his motion to suppress was
contrary to law. Because Appellant filed his notice of appeal outside the
time frame specified in App.R. 4(A) and further failed to appeal from the
correct judgment entry, we lack jurisdiction to consider the portion of the
appeal which challenges Appellant’s convictions and the denial of his
motion to suppress. Thus, this portion of the appeal is dismissed. Further,
although Appellant also appeals from the denial of his motion to withdraw
his pleas, he makes no argument on appeal related to the denial of this
motion. Thus, this portion of the appeal is overruled and the decision of the
trial court denying Appellant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea is
affirmed. Accordingly, Appellant’s appeal is dismissed in part and affirmed
in part.
FACTS
{¶2} As set forth in our previous review of this matter, on September
16, 2014, Appellant was indicted in Scioto County, Ohio, for one count of
trafficking in cocaine, a felony of the first degree in violation of R.C.
2925.03(A)(2) and (C)(4)(f), one count of possession of cocaine, a felony of
the first degree in violation of R.C. 2925.11(A) and (C)(4)(e), and one count
of tampering with evidence, a felony of the third degree in violation of R.C.
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 3
2921.12(A)(1) and (B). The trial court found Appellant guilty on counts two
and three and sentenced him to agreed consecutive sentences totaling seven
years by judgment entry dated December 9, 2015. Upon review during
Appellant’s first appeal of this matter, we determined that the record before
us was devoid of any disposition as to count one (trafficking in cocaine), and
thus the count remained pending. State v. Saunders, 4th Dist. Scioto Nos.
16CA3728 and 16CA3729, 2017-Ohio-901, ¶ 6. Accordingly, we held that
the order appealed from was not final and appealable, that we lacked
jurisdiction to review it, and dismissed it on March 13, 2017. Id.
{¶3} Thereafter, on March 16, 2017, a “Notice of Dismissal Count 1
of the Indictment Only” was filed by the State and signed by the trial court
judge. The Notice provided as follows:
“This day came the Prosecuting Attorney, on behalf of the State
of Ohio, pursuant to Rule 48(A), Ohio Rules of Criminal
Procedure, and in open court, for good cause shown, with leave
of Court, and entered a dismissal without prejudice in the above
captioned case as to Count 1 of the Indictment, Title:
Trafficking in Drugs/Cocaine, Section
2925.03(A)(2)&(C)(4)(F), a felony of the first degree.”
Nothing else was filed in the case below until April 28, 2017, when
Appellant filed a pleading entitled “Motion to Withdraw Guilty Plea On
Remand for Sentencing To Comply With Findings Of The Fourth Appellate
District.” Appellant also filed “Defendant’s Submission of Law Prior to
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 4
Resentencing” the same day. Thereafter, on June 7, 2017, Appellant filed
another pleading entitled “Motion to Clarify the Position Of The Court On
Remand By The Appellate Court[.]”
{¶4} In response to the foregoing, the trial court issued two judgment
entries on June 26, 2017. The first judgment entry was in response to
Appellant’s motion to clarify and stated as follows, in pertinent part:
“The Court finds that a dismissal entry was filed to dismiss the
unresolved counts of the Indictment. This Court believes this
dismissal is in compliance with the directions of the Fourth
District Court of Appeals.”
The second judgment entry denied Appellant’s motion to withdraw his plea.
It is from these two judgment entries filed on June 26, 2017 that Appellant
now brings his appeal, setting forth one assignment of error for our review
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
“I. THERE WAS NO REASONABLE ARTICULABLE SUSPICION
TO STOP APPELLANT’S VEHICLE AND THEREFORE THE
TRIAL COURT’S DECISION TO OVERRULE APPELLANT’S
MOTION TO SUPPRESS WAS CONTRARY TO LAW.”
LEGAL ANALYSIS
{¶5} In his sole assignment of error, Appellant challenges the initial
stop of his vehicle and argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion
to suppress. However, Appellant does not appeal from the judgment entry
convicting and sentencing him, which was filed on December 9, 2015,
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 5
which this Court previously determined failed to constitute a final
appealable order due to the trial court’s failure to dispose of count one of the
original indictment. Instead, attached to his notice of appeal are two
judgment entries that were filed after his first appeal was dismissed. The
judgment entries appealed from are described as follows: 1) a judgment
entry dated June 26, 2017 clarifying that a dismissal entry had previously
been filed on March 16, 2017, dismissing the unresolved count of the
indictment; and 2) a judgment entry dated June 26, 2017 denying
Appellant’s motion to withdraw his plea. Thus, although Appellant’s
argument on appeal challenges his underlying conviction, he has not
appealed from the correct judgment entry. Further, although he technically
appeals from the trial court’s denial of his motion to withdraw his plea, none
of the arguments he raises on appeal relate to the denial of that motion.
{¶6} As indicated above, we previously dismissed Appellant’s first,
direct appeal of this matter on March 13, 2017, for lack of a final appealable
order due to the fact that the trial court had failed to resolve count one of the
indictment and it thus remained pending. State v. Saunders, supra. As
further indicated above, subsequent to our dismissal, the State voluntarily
dismissed the sole remaining count, which was permitted by the trial court
by entry dated March 16, 2017. The State contends that Appellant had thirty
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 6
days from the time the trial court disposed of the pending count on March
16, 2017, in which to appeal, and that because Appellant did not appeal
within that time frame and did not seek leave to file a delayed appeal, his
appeal should be dismissed. Based upon the following, we agree with the
State.
{¶7} In State v. Brown, 2016-Ohio-553, 59 N.E.3d 532 (4th Dist.) we
were recently faced with a related, but not identical, question involving
whether the State’s post-appeal dismissal of a remaining count in an
indictment constituted a final appealable order. We ultimately held that it
did not, reasoning as follows at ¶ 7:
“Crim.R. 48(A) provides that the ‘state may by leave of court
and in open court file an entry of dismissal of an indictment,
information, or complaint and the prosecution shall thereupon
terminate.’ The dismissal of an indictment is not generally a
final appealable order because it does not affect a substantial
right for purposes of R.C. 2505.02. See State v. Williams, 9th
Dist. Summit No. 25384, 2011-Ohio-6412, 2011 WL 6211578,
at ¶ 11; State v. McWilliams, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 68571,
1995 WL 386981 (Jun. 29, 1995). The effect of a dismissal is to
return a defendant to the ‘same position [he] occupied prior to
initiation of the charges.’ McWilliams, supra; also see State v.
Wooldrige, 9th Dist. Summit No. 21255, 2003-Ohio-1481,
2003 WL 1524691, at ¶ 7. Here, the dismissal put appellant in
the position that he would have been had the only charges
brought against him been the charges for which he ultimately
pled guilty. In short, the 2014 dismissal is not a final,
appealable order in and of itself, but the dismissal of dangling,
unresolved counts did render the 1997 sentencing entry final
and appealable.” (Emphasis added).
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 7
Although we weren’t addressing the exact same question in Brown as
we face here, we nevertheless find it instructive.
{¶8} Based upon the reasoning of Brown, we conclude that the State’s
post-appeal dismissal of count one of the indictment on March 16, 2017
rendered the December 9, 2015 sentencing entry final and appealable. Thus,
Appellant had thirty days from March 16, 2017 to file his appeal from that
original judgment entry. “The time for filing a notice of appeal is governed
by App.R. 4 and, pursuant to App.R. 14(B), a court may not enlarge the time
for filing a notice of appeal.” State v. Kaiser, 4th Dist. Lawrence No.
10CA1, 2010–Ohio–4616, ¶ 12; citing State v. Thacker, 4th Dist. Lawrence
No. 02CA35, 2002–Ohio–7443, ¶ 3; citing Ross v. Harden, 8 Ohio App. 3d
34, 455 N.E.2d 1313 (10th Dist.1982). “If a party fails to file a notice of
appeal within thirty days as required by App.R. 4(A), we do not have
jurisdiction to entertain the appeal. The timely filing of a notice of appeal
under this rule is a jurisdictional prerequisite to our review.” Hughes v. A &
A Auto Sales, Inc., 4th Dist. Lawrence No. 08CA35, 2009–Ohio–2278, ¶ 7.
See also State v. Cremeens, 4th Dist. Vinton No. 06CA646, 2006–Ohio–
7092, ¶ 6; Thacker at ¶ 3; State v. Sides, 11th Dist. Lake No. 2008–L–145,
2008–Ohio–6058, ¶ 6; State v. Sturkey, 5th Dist. Muskingum No. CT2006–
0087, 2007–Ohio–5701, ¶ 21.
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 8
{¶9} Instead of filing an appeal after the trial court’s March 16, 2017
entry journalizing the State’s voluntary dismissal of the still-pending, or
hanging count, was filed, Appellant waited and filed an appeal from the trial
court’s June 26, 2017 judgment entry clarifying that a dismissal entry had
already been filed. This occurred well beyond the thirty-day filing limit
after Appellant’s sentencing entry had been rendered final and appealable.
Having failed to appeal within the thirty-day timeframe and having also
failed to request leave from this Court to file a delayed appeal under App.R.
5(A), this portion of Appellant’s appeal is untimely and we do not have
jurisdiction to address it. Accordingly, this portion of Appellant’s appeal is
dismissed.
{¶10} We further note, at this juncture, that Appellant also purports to
appeal from the trial court’s June 26, 2017 judgment entry denying his
motion to withdraw his pleas. While this particular judgment entry
constitutes a final appealable order, Appellant makes no argument on appeal
regarding the trial court’s denial of this motion. State v. Damron, 4th Dist.
Scioto No. 10CA3375, 2011-Ohio-165, ¶ 7 (“* * * a trial court’s order
denying a post-sentence Crim.R. 32.1 motion to withdraw a plea constitutes
a final appealable order.”) (internal citations omitted). Accordingly, this
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 9
portion of Appellant’s appeal is overruled and the trial court’s judgment
entry denying Appellant’s motion to withdraw his pleas is affirmed.
APPEAL DISMISSED IN PART
AND AFFIRMED IN PART.
Scioto App. No. 17CA3804 10
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the APPEAL BE DISMISSED IN PART AND
AFFIRMED IN PART and that costs be assessed to Appellant.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing
the Scioto County Common Pleas Court to carry this judgment into
execution.
IF A STAY OF EXECUTION OF SENTENCE AND RELEASE
UPON BAIL HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY GRANTED BY THE TRIAL
COURT OR THIS COURT, it is temporarily continued for a period not to
exceed sixty days upon the bail previously posted. The purpose of a
continued stay is to allow Appellant to file with the Supreme Court of Ohio
an application for a stay during the pendency of proceedings in that court. If
a stay is continued by this entry, it will terminate at the earlier of the
expiration of the sixty day period, or the failure of the Appellant to file a
notice of appeal with the Supreme Court of Ohio in the forty-five day appeal
period pursuant to Rule II, Sec. 2 of the Rules of Practice of the Supreme
Court of Ohio. Additionally, if the Supreme Court of Ohio dismisses the
appeal prior to expiration of sixty days, the stay will terminate as of the date
of such dismissal.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to
Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Harsha, J. & Abele, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.
For the Court,
BY: _________________________
Matthew W. McFarland, Judge
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final
judgment entry and the time period for further appeal commences from
the date of filing with the clerk.