State v. Archer , 2019 Ohio 171 ( 2019 )

[Cite as State v. Archer, 2019-Ohio-171.]
STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
)ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
COUNTY OF MEDINA )
STATE OF OHIO C.A. No. 18CA0010-M
Appellee
v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT
ENTERED IN THE
THOMAS B. ARCHER, JR. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
COUNTY OF MEDINA, OHIO
Appellant CASE No. 17CR0146
DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY
Dated: January 22, 2019
HENSAL, Judge.
{¶1} Thomas Archer appeals his sentence from the Medina County Court of Common
Pleas. This Court affirms.
I.
{¶2} A grand jury indicted Mr. Archer on one count of rape under Revised Code
Section 2907.02(A)(1)(b), and one count of gross sexual imposition under Section
2907.05(A)(4). The charges stemmed from two separate incidents involving two of Mr. Archer’s
former live-in-girlfriend’s minor children.1 Specifically, the rape charge stemmed from an
incident wherein Mr. Archer forced his girlfriend’s two-year-old son to perform oral sex on him.
The gross-sexual-imposition charge stemmed from an incident wherein Mr. Archer touched his
girlfriend’s five-year-old daughter’s vagina.
1
We note that the State’s brief incorrectly alleges that the victims were Mr. Archer’s
children.
2
{¶3} After initially pleading not guilty, Mr. Archer changed his plea to guilty and, in
return, the State reduced the rape count to the lesser-included offense of sexual battery under
Section 2907.03(A)(5). The trial court accepted Mr. Archer’s guilty plea and ordered a
presentence investigation. After a hearing, the trial court sentenced Mr. Archer to 60 months of
imprisonment for each count, set to run concurrently. Mr. Archer now appeals, raising one
assignment of error for our review.
II.
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
THE TRIAL COURT IMPOSED A SENTENCE CONTRARY TO LAW IN
VIOLATION OF R.C. 2953.08 BY SENTENCING DEFENDANT-
APPELLANT TO MAXIMUM PRISON TERMS OF FIVE YEARS AS TO
EACH COUNT OF THE INDICTMENT, BOTH THIRD-DEGREE FELONY
OFFENSES, WHERE THE DEFENDANT-APPELLANT HAD NO PRIOR
FELONY RECORD, HAD NEVER PREVIOUSLY SERVED A PRISON
TERM, AND THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO CONSIDER A “LESS
SERIOUS’ FACTOR UNDER R.C. 2929.12(C)(3) AND A “RECIDIVISM LESS
LIKELY” FACTOR UNDER R.C. 2929.12(E)(5).
{¶4} In his assignment of error, Mr. Archer argues that the trial court imposed a
sentence that was contrary to the law because it failed to consider the statutory “less serious” and
“recidivism less likely” sentencing factors. This Court disagrees.
{¶5} “In reviewing a felony sentence, ‘[t]he appellate court’s standard for review is not
whether the sentencing court abused its discretion.’” State v. Tucker, 9th Dist. Lorain Nos.
16CA010963, 16CA010964, 2017-Ohio-4215, ¶ 8, quoting R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). Instead, “an
appellate court may vacate or modify a felony sentence on appeal only if it determines by clear
and convincing evidence” that: (1) “the record does not support the trial court’s findings under
relevant statutes” or (2) “the sentence is otherwise contrary to law.” State v. Marcum, 146 Ohio
St.3d 516, 2016-Ohio-1002, ¶ 1. “Clear and convincing evidence is that ‘which will produce in
3
the mind of the trier of facts a firm belief or conviction as to the facts sought to be established.’”
Tucker at ¶ 8, quoting Cross v. Ledford, 161 Ohio St. 469 (1954), paragraph three of the
syllabus.
{¶6} It is well-established that “[t]rial courts have full discretion to impose a prison
sentence within the statutory range and are no longer required to make findings or give their
reasons for imposing maximum, consecutive, or more than the minimum sentences.” State v.
Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d 1, 2006-Ohio-856, paragraph seven of the syllabus. “[W]here the trial
court does not put on the record its consideration of [Sections] 2929.11 and 2929.12 [of the Ohio
Revised Code], it is presumed that the trial court gave proper consideration to those statutes.”
(Alterations sic.) State v. Steidl, 9th Dist. Medina No. 10CA0025-M, 2011-Ohio-2320, ¶ 13,
quoting State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d 23, 2008-Ohio-4912, fn. 4. “Unless the record shows
that the court failed to consider the factors, or that the sentence is ‘strikingly inconsistent’ with
the factors, the court is presumed to have considered the statutory factors if the sentence is within
the statutory range.” State v. Fernandez, 9th Dist. Medina No. 13CA0054-M, 2014-Ohio-3651,
¶ 8, quoting State v. Boysel, 2d Dist. Clark No. 2013-CA-78, 2014-Ohio-1272, ¶ 13.
{¶7} Here, Mr. Archer argues that the trial court erred by imposing a maximum prison
sentence of five years as opposed to nonresidential – or a combination of nonresidential and
residential community-control – sanctions. As previously noted, Mr. Archer asserts that the trial
court failed to consider the seriousness and recidivism factors set forth in Sections 2929.12(C)(3)
and (E)(5). Regarding the “less serious” factor under Section 2929.12(C)(3), he argues that the
presentence investigation report erroneously omitted the fact that he did not cause, nor expect to
cause, physical harm to either of the victims. Regarding the “recidivism less likely” factor under
4
Section 2929.12(E)(5), he argues that he showed genuine remorse and accepted responsibility for
his actions by entering a guilty plea, and that he reaffirmed his remorse at the sentencing hearing.
{¶8} In response, the State argues that Mr. Archer’s sentence is not contrary to law
because it is within the applicable sentencing range. It further argues that, despite Mr. Archer’s
statements to the contrary, the trial court did not impose a maximum sentence because it could
have ordered the sentences to run consecutively, thereby imposing a ten-year prison sentence.
Regarding the “less serious” factor, the State acknowledges that the PSI does not indicate
whether the victims suffered physical harm as a result of Mr. Archer’s actions, but asserts that it
is not uncommon for sexual assaults to cause at least some physical harm, however minimal.
Regarding the “recidivism less likely” factor, the State argues that Mr. Archer did not show
genuine remorse for his actions. Rather, it argues that he denied wrongdoing on several
occasions and accused his former girlfriends of plotting against him.
{¶9} We begin our analysis by noting that there is no dispute that Mr. Archer’s
sentence is within the applicable statutory range. See R.C. 2929.14(A)(3)(a) (providing, in part,
that for third-degree felonies in violation of Sections 2907.03 and 2907.05, the trial court can
impose a prison term of up to 60 months). Thus, “[u]nless the record shows that the court failed
to consider the factors, or that the sentence is ‘strikingly inconsistent’ with the factors, the court
is presumed to have considered the statutory factors * * *.” Fernandez at ¶ 8, quoting Boysel at
¶ 13. In its journal entry, the trial court indicated that it considered the principles and purposes
of sentencing under Section 2929.11, and that it weighed the seriousness and recidivism factors.
While the trial court did not provide its analysis of those factors, it was not required to do so.
Foster at paragraph seven of the syllabus. Additionally, despite Mr. Archer’s argument to the
contrary, a review of the sentencing transcript indicates that the trial court considered Mr.
5
Archer’s apparent remorse. In doing so, the trial court noted that Mr. Archer previously denied
wrongdoing during his interview with the probation department, and that he continually failed to
take ownership of his actions. Further, while the record does not expressly indicate that the
victims suffered physical harm, “R.C. 2929.12(C) does not require the trial court to assign a
specific weight to any one factor. Instead, R.C. 2929.12(C) simply requires the trial court to
‘consider’ each factor.” State v. Jones, 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 04-MA-76, 2005-Ohio-6937, ¶
42, quoting R.C. 2929.12(C). Thus, the lack of evidence regarding physical harm to the victims
does not necessarily render Mr. Archer’s sentence contrary to law as he suggests.2
{¶10} Having reviewed the entire record, this Court determines that Mr. Archer has
failed to demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that his sentence is contrary to law.
Accordingly, Mr. Archer’s assignment of error is overruled.
III.
{¶11} Mr. Archer’s assignment of error is overruled. The judgment of the Medina
County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed.
There were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common
Pleas, County of Medina, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy
of this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.
2
We note that Mr. Archer’s argument ignores the fact that Section 2929.12(B) requires a
trial court to consider any mental injury or psychological harm suffered by victims, as well as the
testimony in the record regarding same.
6
Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of
judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the
period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is
instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the
mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.
Costs taxed to Appellant.
JENNIFER HENSAL
FOR THE COURT
TEODOSIO, P. J.
CARR, J.
CONCUR.
APPEARANCES:
RONALD SCOTT SPEARS, Attorney at Law, for Appellant.
S. FORREST THOMPSON, Prosecuting Attorney, and VINCENT V. VIGLUICCI, Assistant
Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee.