State ex rel. Rogers v. Jenkins , 20 Wash. 78 ( 1898 )

The opinion of the court was delivered by

Reavis, J.

This is an application by the g’overnor to compel the secretary of state to attest the signature and affix the great seal of the state to a pardon, made by the governor, of one Davis, convicted of a felony and imprisened in the state penitentiary. The secretary refused, because he did not deem the pardon justified by law; that is, the board of pardons had recommended a commutation of the sentence of Davis, and not a full pardon, and that the power of the governor to pardon is limited to the recommendation of the hoard of pardons.

The pardoning power is vested in the governor. Section 9, article 3, Constitution, declares:

“ The pardoning power shall he vested in the governor, under such regulations and restrictions as may he prescribed by law.”

Section 11, same article, prescribes:

“ The governor shall have power to remit fines and forfeitures, under such regulations as may be prescribed by law, and shall report to the legislature at its next meeting-each case of reprieve, commutation, or pardon granted, and the reasons for granting the same.”

The authority to regulate and restrict does not confer the power to abrogate the executive function of pardon. Cooley, Constitutional Limitations (5th ed.), p. 136; State ex rel. Bienvenu v. Wrotnowski, 17 La. An. 156.

The legislature has regulated the procedure for pardons and created a board of pardons. Laws 1897, p. 49 (Bal. Code, §§ 204-208). By this act a board of pardons is created, and § 2 provides that all applications for pardons, or for the remission of fines and forfeitures, or commutation of sentences, before being acted upon by the governor, shall be submitted to the board for its approval, rejection or such advice thereupon as it may deem proper; and § 3 prescribes that in each case the board shall make to the governor such recommendations as it may deem just. The legislature has evidently not attempted by this act to limit the pardoning power of the governor. The secretary of state is by the act made a member of the board of pardons, but the secretary’s duties, under § 17, art. 3, of the constitution, are to keep a record of the official acts of the legislature and of the executive department, and perform such other duties as shall be assigned him by law. Section 2, Laws 1890, p. 629 (Bal. Code, § 116), prescribing tbe duties of the secretary of state, among other things provides : “ He shall keep a register of and attest the official acts of the governor,” and “ affix the state seal with his attestation to commissions, pardons and other public instruments to which the signature of the governor is required.” The duties of the secretary here, then, are ministerial and prescribed by statute. His functions as a member of the board of pardons are entirely distinct from his duties as secretary of state, and as such secretary he is required to authenticate and affix the state seal to all pardons coming to him from the governor.

The writ of mandate will issue.

Scott, O. J., and Dunbar and Anders, JJ., concur.

Gordon, J., not sitting.