Clemmons v. Davies , 198 F. App'x 763 ( 2006 )

F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
October 12, 2006
TENTH CIRCUIT
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
ED W ARD LEE CLEM M ONS,
Petitioner-A ppellant,
No. 04-3426
v. (D.C. No. 90-CV-3035-SAC)
(Kansas)
STEV EN J. DAVIES,
Respondent-Appellee.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before HA RTZ, SE YM OU R, and M cCO NNELL, Circuit Judges.
Edward Lee Clemmons, a Kansas state prisoner proceeding pro se 1 ,
challenges the district court’s denial of his motion to reconsider. The district
*
After examining appellant’s brief and the appellate record, this panel has
determined unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the
determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2) and 10th Cir. R.
34.1(G). The case is therefore submitted without oral argument. This order and
judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case,
res judicata, or collateral estoppel. The court generally disfavors the citation of
orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order and judgment may be cited under the
terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
1
Because he is proceeding pro se, we review M r. Clemmons’ pleadings and
filings liberally. See Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520-21 (1972); Hall v.
Bellmon, 935 F.2d 1106, 1110 (10th Cir.1991).
court also denied M r. Clemmons’ request to proceed in form a pauperis on appeal
and his application for a certificate of appealability (“COA”) 2 . Because the
district court incorrectly treated M r. Clemmons’ motion to reconsider as a “true”
Rule 60(b) motion, we vacate the order for lack of jurisdiction, construe M r.
Clemm ons’ motion as an application to file a second or successive habeas
petition, and deny it. W e also deny his renewed request to proceed ifp.
M r. Clemmons was convicted in 1984 on one count of first degree murder,
two counts of aggravated robbery, two counts of attempted murder, and one count
of unlawfully possessing a firearm. In 1990, he filed a petition for a writ of
habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254, claiming (1) his conviction was
based on evidence obtained in an unlawful arrest and subsequent unlawful
identification process; (2) he was denied effective assistance of counsel; (3) he
was denied the right to compulsory service to obtain the testimony of witnesses
favorable to the defense; and (4) he was denied the right to equal protection under
the law . The district court denied M r. Clemmons’ petition in 1992, and we
dismissed his appeal for failure to prosecute.
M ore than ten years later, M r. Clemmons filed a motion to reconsider w ith
2
A petitioner must obtain a COA before proceeding with his appeal of a
district court’s denial of his Rule 60(b) motion, where the district court treated
the motion as a “true” Rule 60(b) motion and not as a second or successive
habeas petition. Spitznas v. Boone, __ F.3d __, 2006 W L 2789868 at *3 (10th
Cir., Sept. 29, 2006).
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the district court, claiming the discovery of new evidence relating to the validity
of his conviction and the use of fraud to obtain that conviction. Regarding the
lateness of his motion, M r. Clemmons claimed that “state prison officials seized
[his] legal papers” thereby “interfer[ing] with [and] hinder[ing] his pro se
prosecution” of his habeas claim.
The district court construed M r. Clemmons’ motion as one “for relief from
judgment under F ED . R. C IV . P. 60(b).” Noting that such a motion must “be made
within a reasonable time,” the court ruled that nearly eleven years w as not a
“reasonable time,” and that M r. Clemmons had not identified a legitimate reason
for the lengthy delay. Accordingly, the court did not reach M r. Clemmons’
underlying claims of newly discovered evidence and intrinsic fraud, and instead
dismissed his motion as untimely. M r. Clemmons appeals.
In Spitznas v. Boone, __ F.3d __, 2006 W L 2789868 at *1 (10th Cir., Sept.
29, 2006), we acknowledged that the Supreme Court in Gonzalez v. Crosby, 545
U.S. 524 (2005), overruled our holding in Lopez v. Douglas, 141 F.3d 974 (10th
Cir. 1998), that all Rule 60(b) motions in habeas proceedings must be treated as
second or successive habeas petitions for purposes of 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b).
Accordingly, we now must distinguish between Rule 60(b) motions that are “true”
Rule 60(b) motions and second or successive habeas petitions that merely
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masquerade as Rule 60(b) motions. 3 Spitznas, 2006 W L 2789868 at * 1-4.
“U nder Gonzalez, a 60(b) motion is a second or successive petition if it in
substance or effect asserts or reasserts a federal basis for relief from the
petitioner’s underlying conviction.” Id. at 1. In the event we determine that the
district court incorrectly treated a motion for a successive or second habeas
petition as a Rule 60(b) motion, “we will vacate the district court’s order for lack
of jurisdiction and construe the petitioner’s appeal as an application to file a
second or successive petition.” Id. at *4.
The claims in M r. Clemmons’ motion to reconsider, namely the discovery
of new evidence and intrinsic fraud relating to the validity of his conviction,
assert or reassert a federal basis for relief from his underlying conviction. They
do not “challenge[] . . . a procedural ruling of the habeas court which precluded a
merits determination of the habeas application . . . or challenge[] a defect in the
integrity of the federal habeas proceeding.” Id. at *1. Accordingly, his motion to
reconsider cannot be deemed a “true” Rule 60(b) motion and must instead be
treated as a second or successive habeas petition.
The AEDPA -amended habeas corpus statutes restrict the power
of the federal courts to entertain second or successive applications
for w rits of habeas corpus. See 28 U.S.C. § 2244. Before a
petitioner may file a second or successive 28 U.S.C. § 2254 petition
3
“For purposes of applying the Gonzalez rule, we treat any Rule 60(b)
equivalent (such as a motion to reconsider filed more than ten days after
judgment . . .) as a Rule 60(b) motion.” Spitznas, 2006 W L 2789868 at *1.
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in the district court, he must successfully apply to this court for an
order authorizing the district court to consider the petition. See id. §
2244(b)(3).
Spitznas, 2006 W L 2789868 at *1 (footnote omitted). In order to receive
authorization to file a successive petition,
[A]n applicant must make a prima facie showing that he satisfies the
criteria in § 2244(b)(2). . . . That is he must show that: (i) the factual
predicate for the claim could not have been discovered previously
through the exercise of due diligence; and (ii) the facts underlying
the claim, if proven and viewed in light of the evidence as a whole,
would be sufficient to establish by clear and convincing evidence
that, but for constitutional error, no reasonable factfinder would have
found the applicant guilty of the underlying offense. 28 U.S.C. §
2244(b)(2)(B).
Spitznas, 2006 W L 2789868 at *12. W e need not consider whether M r.
Clemm ons meets the second element of this inquiry “since the test is conjunctive
and he fails the first element.” Id. Despite labeling his claim “newly discovered
evidence,” M r. Clemmons does not point to any evidence supporting his
underlying ineffective assistance of counsel claim, let alone newly discovered
evidence. M r. Clemmons also fails to point to any newly discovered evidence
relating to his intrinsic fraud claim. Although he claims he didn’t know the state
was asserting Charlotte Johnson was his spouse, the record reflects that
information was set out at least by the time of the state court’s order affirming
M r. Clemmon’s conviction, on October 25, 1985. Rec., doc. 2. Hence he has not
made a prima facie showing that might permit us to authorize the filing of a
second or successive petition.
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Finally, a prisoner seeking ifp status must demonstrate financial inability to
pay and the existence of “a reasoned, nonfrivolous argument on the law and the
facts in support of the issues raised on appeal.” M cIntosh v. United States Parole
Comm'n, 115 F.3d 809, 812-13 (10th Cir.1997) (internal quotation marks
omitted). Because M r. Clemmons has not made a showing of good faith and the
absence of frivolity, we deny his motion for leave to proceed ifp on appeal.
Based on the foregoing, we VAC ATE the district court’s order denying M r.
Clemm ons’ motion for reconsideration, construe his notice of appeal as an
application to file a second or successive habeas petition, and DENY it. W e also
D EN Y his motion to proceed ifp, DISM ISS his application for a COA, and
DISM ISS this appeal.
ENTERED FOR THE COURT
Stephanie K. Seymour
Circuit Judge
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