E. Hammonds v. PA BPP , 143 A.3d 994 ( 2016 )

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
Edward Hammonds, :
: No. 1870 C.D. 2015
Petitioner : Submitted: March 4, 2016
:
v. :
:
Pennsylvania Board of :
Probation and Parole, :
:
Respondent :
BEFORE: HONORABLE ROBERT SIMPSON, Judge
HONORABLE MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge
HONORABLE DAN PELLEGRINI, Senior Judge
OPINION NOT REPORTED
MEMORANDUM OPINION
BY JUDGE WOJCIK FILED: May 12, 2016
Edward Hammonds (Hammonds) petitions for review of an order of
the Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole (Board) that denied his request for
administrative relief as untimely and affirmed its recalculation decision.
Hammonds contends the Board improperly recalculated his maximum sentence
and reparole eligibility dates by not crediting time served on the Board’s detainer
to his original sentence. Discerning no error, we affirm.
In June 2012, Hammonds was convicted of one count of receiving
stolen property and two counts of reckless endangerment. He was sentenced to a
term of 1 year, 6 months to 7 years in prison. Certified Record (C.R.) at 1-3.
Hammonds’ original maximum sentence date was December 9, 2016. C.R. at 1.
On June 13, 2013, the Board released Hammonds on parole. C.R. at
11. While on parole, Hammonds violated the conditions of his parole and
committed new crimes. On November 7, 2013, Pittsburgh police arrested
Hammonds on new criminal charges, and the Board lodged a warrant to commit
and detain him. C.R. at 14-15. The Board issued a notice of charges and hearing
based on the new criminal charges and technical parole violations. C.R. at 15.
Hammonds waived his right to a violation hearing and counsel, and he
admitted to violating the terms and conditions of his parole. C.R. at 17. Based on
his admission, on December 19, 2013, the Board recommitted Hammonds as a
technical parole violator to serve six months’ backtime for violating conditions of
his parole. C.R. at 36-38.
In the interim, the criminal charges against Hammonds were
withdrawn. C.R. at 22. On December 14, 2013, the charges were refiled in the
Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County (trial court). C.R. at 42. Unable to
post bail, Hammonds was detained solely on the new charges. C.R. at 42-43. On
February 19, 2014, the Board reissued its warrant to commit and detain
Hammonds. C.R. at 39. On March 4, 2014, the trial court modified bail to
nonmonetary; as of this date, Hammonds was confined solely on the Board’s
detainer, pending disposition of the new criminal charges. C.R. at 50, 61, 71.
On July 31, 2014, the trial court adjudicated Hammonds guilty of two
counts of firearm possession. C.R. at 71-72. On October 23, 2014, the trial court
sentenced Hammonds to serve 36 to 84 months for the new convictions. C.R. 69,
72.
Thereafter, the Board held a revocation hearing. Hammonds waived
his right to counsel and admitted to the new convictions. C.R. at 80. By decision
mailed February 9, 2015, the Board recommitted Hammonds as a convicted parole
violator to serve 18 months concurrently with the 6 months previously imposed for
2
his technical parole violations, with no credit for time at liberty on parole. C.R. at
84.
The Board recalculated Hammonds’ new maximum sentence and
reparole eligibility dates. The Board determined Hammonds owed 1275 days in
backtime upon his release on parole. The Board credited his original sentence for
the 37-day period he was confined between November 7, 2013 to December 14,
2013, and the 233-day period between March 4, 2014 to October 23, 2014, as these
periods were spent solely on the Board’s detainer. C.R. at 82. Hammonds became
available to serve his original sentence on October 23, 2014, when he was
sentenced on the new criminal charges and returned to the custody of the Board.
C.R. at 2, 82. By adding 1005 days (1275 days owed less 270 days credit) to his
return date, the Board recalculated a new maximum sentence date of July 24, 2017.
C.R. at 2, 82, 84. The Board also determined Hammonds would not be eligible for
reparole until July 28, 2015. C.R. at 84.
Hammonds, representing himself, filed a request for administrative
relief objecting to the Board’s calculation.1 By action mailed September 4, 2015,
the Board dismissed Hammonds’ appeal, and it affirmed the action mailed
1
Hammonds sent a letter to the Board, which it received on March 3, 2015, requesting to
“appeal the decision made on the backtime I owe. The calculations are wrong, so if it’s not a
problem I need more time to contact an attorney.” C.R. at 96. He also sent the Board an
administrative remedies form, which it received on March 13, 2015. C.R. at 106. The Board
treated these requests as a timely administrative appeal from the decision mailed February 9,
2015. C.R. at 109.
However, Hammonds also sent the Board a six-page request for administrative relief on
April 9, 2015. C.R. at 98-104. Although the Board acknowledged receipt of this request, it
determined it was untimely filed, and it did not respond to the issues raised therein. C.R. at 109.
3
February 9, 2015. C.R. at 109-110. From this decision, Hammonds petitions for
review with this Court.
On appeal,2 Hammonds contends the Board erred in calculating his
new maximum sentence and reparole eligibility dates. According to Hammonds,
the Board should have exercised “equitable crediting,” recognized by the courts in
Martin v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, 840 A.2d 299, 309 (Pa.
2003), and Baasit v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, 90 A.3d 74(Pa. Cmwlth. 2014), and applied time served on both the Board’s detainer and new
criminal charges to his original sentence. Thus, he claims his maximum sentence
and reparole eligibility dates must be adjusted accordingly.
The Prisons and Parole Code (Parole Code) provides that any parolee
who, during the period of parole, commits a crime punishable by imprisonment
and is convicted or found guilty of that crime may be recommitted as a convicted
parole violator. 61 Pa. C.S. §6138(a)(1). If the parolee is recommitted as a
convicted parole violator, he must serve the remainder of the term, which he would
have been compelled to serve had parole not been granted, with no credit for the
time at liberty on parole, unless the Board, in the exercise of its sole discretion,
chooses to award credit. 61 Pa. C.S. §§6138(a)(2), (2.1). If a new sentence is
imposed, the parolee must serve the balance of the original sentence prior to
commencement of the new term. 61 Pa. C.S. §6138(a)(5)(i).
2
Our review is limited to determining whether constitutional rights were violated,
whether the adjudication was in accordance with law, and whether necessary findings were
supported by substantial evidence. Section 704 of the Administrative Agency Law, 2 Pa. C.S.
§704; Miskovitch v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, 77 A.3d 66, 74 (Pa. Cmwlth.
2013), appeal denied, 87 A.3d 322 (Pa. 2014).
4
Time incarcerated prior to sentencing shall be credited to a convicted
parole violator’s original term only when he has satisfied bail requirements for the
new offense and, thus, remains incarcerated solely by reason of the Board’s
detainer. Gaito v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, 412 A.2d 568(Pa. 1980). However, when bail is not posted, time incarcerated on both the new
criminal charges and the Board’s detainer must apply to the new sentence. Id.An exception to this rule was created in Martin. There, a parolee was
incarcerated on both new criminal charges and the Board’s warrant for 19 days.
The parolee was sentenced to a term of two days followed by a period of
probation. In recalculating his sentence, the Board did not award any credit for his
pre-sentence confinement because he was not confined solely on the Board’s
detainer. On appeal, the parolee asserted the excess custody time (17 days) must
be credited toward his original sentence.
Ultimately, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court agreed. The Court
reasoned that pre-sentence credit should be applied equitably. Martin, 840 A.2d at
309. It held “where an offender is incarcerated on both a Board detainer and new
criminal charges, all time spent in confinement must be credited to either the new
sentence or the original sentence.” Id. Thus, when it is not possible to award all of
the credit to the new sentence because the period of pre-sentence incarceration
exceeds the maximum term of the new sentence, credit must be applied to the
parolee's original sentence. Id.; Armbruster v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation
and Parole, 919 A.2d 348 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2007); see also Melhorn v. Pennsylvania
Board of Probation and Parole, 908 A.2d 266 (Pa. 2006).
The Martin rule affords “the Board more flexibility and discretion to
ensure that considerations relevant to the award of credit are just and equitable in
5
nature.” Smith v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, __ A.3d __, __
(Pa. Cmwlth., No. 1007 C.D. 2015, filed February 23, 2016), slip opinion at 2.
This Court has since applied the Martin rule in cases where the parolee's new
sentence was less than the time spent in custody awaiting trial on the new charges.
See, e.g., Jones v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, 872 A.2d 1283,
1285 (Pa. Cmwlth.), appeal denied, 890 A.2d 1061 (Pa. 2005) (parolee’s new
sentence of two days was less than the pre-sentence custody time of four months,
17 days); Hears v. Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, 851 A.2d 1003,
1007 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2004) (parolee’s new sentence of four days was less than the
pre-sentence custody time of four months, 20 days).
In Baasit, this Court again recognized the equitable principles of
Martin in applying pre-sentence credit. We addressed how, when there was both a
state and federal detainer, pre-sentence time should be applied under the then-
recent enactment of Section 6138(a)(5.1) of the Parole Code, 61
Pa. C.S. §6138(a)(5.1), which requires a parolee sentenced to a new term of
incarceration by a federal court to serve the balance of his original state term
before serving the new federal sentence. Because the parolee must serve the
entirety of his original term before serving his new federal or different jurisdiction
sentence, we determined the parolee no longer fell under Gaito rule. As such, we
concluded any pre-sentence confinement credit earned by a parolee must be
applied to his original sentence. Baasit; 90 A.3d at 82-83; accord Smith.
However, Baasit and Martin are readily distinguishable from the case
here. Unlike in Baasit, this case does not involve a new federal sentence or
application of Section 6138(a)(5.1) of the Parole Code. Rather, this case involves
a new state sentence to which pre-sentence incarceration credit may be applied.
6
See Martin; Gaito. Unlike in Martin, Hammonds’ new sentence does not exceed
the period of pre-sentence incarceration. See Martin. Given these factual
distinctions, we decline to extend the exceptions espoused Martin or Baasit to the
situation here. Consequently, we examine the Board’s calculations under Gaito.
The Board recommitted Hammonds as a convicted parole violator to
serve the remainder of his term with no credit for time at liberty on parole. At the
time of his parole, 1275 days remained on his original sentence, which is the
difference between his original maximum sentence date (December 9, 2016) and
his parole date (June 13, 2013). C.R. at 2, 82, 84. The Board credited a total of
270 days towards Hammonds’ original sentence. More particularly, the Board
credited 37 days, which represents the period of incarceration served solely on the
Board’s detainer (November 7, 2013) but before new criminal charges were filed
(December 14, 2013), and 233 days, which represents the period of incarceration
served after nonmonetary bail was set (March 4, 2014) until sentencing (October
23, 2014). C.R. at 2, 82. By subtracting 270 days from 1275 days, the Board
calculated a total of 1005 days remaining towards his original sentence. C.R. at 2,
82. By adding 1005 days to Hammonds’ return date (October 23, 2014), the Board
arrived at a new maximum sentence date of July 24, 2017, and a reparole eligibility
date of July 28, 2015. C.R. at 2, 82, 84.
Contrary to Hammonds’ assertions, he is not entitled to pre-sentence
credit for the period between December 14, 2013 and March 4, 2014 (80 days),
towards his original sentence. Although Hammonds was detained under both the
Board’s warrant and the new criminal charges, this time is properly allocated to his
7
new criminal sentence, which exceeded his pre-sentence confinement.3 See Gaito;
see also Martin; Armbruster. Upon review, we conclude the Board properly
credited Hammonds’ original sentence and recalculated his maximum sentence and
reparole eligibility dates.
Accordingly, we affirm the order of the Board denying Hammonds’
request for administrative relief.
MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge
3
Hammonds does not assert that this time was not credited towards his new sentence.
Nevertheless, we note:
[I]ssues regarding the proper allocation of credit on a new sentence
must be addressed by the sentencing court, or the Superior Court
on appeal . . . . [I]t is the duty of the Department of Corrections to
credit inmates for all statutorily mandated periods of incarceration,
but it must be done pursuant to the trial court's sentencing orders.
The Department ‘is charged with faithfully implementing
sentences imposed by the courts’ and ‘lacks the power to
adjudicate the legality of a sentence or to add or delete sentencing
conditions.’ If a trial court does not give an inmate full credit for
time served, the Department of Corrections has no duty to give an
inmate full credit for time served. The inmate’s remedy is in the
trial court and through the direct appeal process.
Ambruster, 919 A.2d at 355 (citing McCray v. Pennsylvania Department of Corrections,
872 A.2d 1127, 1133 (Pa. 2005)).
8
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
Edward Hammonds, :
: No. 1870 C.D. 2015
Petitioner :
:
v. :
:
Pennsylvania Board of :
Probation and Parole, :
:
Respondent :
ORDER
AND NOW, this 12th day of May, 2016, the order of the Pennsylvania
Board of Probation and Parole, dated September 4, 2015, is AFFIRMED.
__________________________________
MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge