Com. v. Conyers, J. ( 2021 )

J-A02043-21
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JEROYD P. CONYERS :
:
Appellant : No. 622 WDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered June 11, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-10-CR-0000686-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JEROYD P. CONYERS :
:
Appellant : No. 623 WDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered June 11, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-10-CR-0000685-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JEROYD P. CONYERS :
:
Appellant : No. 624 WDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered June 11, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-10-CR-0000684-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
J-A02043-21
:
v. :
:
:
JEROYD P. CONYERS :
:
Appellant : No. 626 WDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered June 11, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-10-CR-0000683-2013
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JEROYD P. CONYERS :
:
Appellant : No. 627 WDA 2020
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered June 11, 2020
In the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-10-CR-0001004-2013
BEFORE: BOWES, J., NICHOLS, J., and McLAUGHLIN, J.
MEMORANDUM BY McLAUGHLIN, J.: FILED: MAY 13, 2021
Jeroyd P. Conyers appeals from the order denying his petition filed under
the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”). See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
Conyers argues his plea counsel was ineffective for advising him that he would
be subject to unconstitutional mandatory minimum sentences, and that his
PCRA counsel was ineffective for failing to raise the ineffectiveness of his plea
counsel. Conyers further argues the trial court violated the terms of his plea
agreement by imposing consecutive sentences upon resentencing. We affirm
in part, vacate in part, and remand.
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In 2013, Conyers pleaded guilty across the five above-referenced docket
numbers to several drug violations and one firearms violation. Conyers
entered open guilty pleas, with no agreements regarding his sentencing.
Commonwealth v. Conyers, No. 388 WDA 2018, 2019 WL 1223355,
unpublished memorandum at *3 n.5 (Pa.Super. 2019). The court sentenced
Conyers to an aggregate term of 12 to 24 years’ incarceration. Conyers did
not file a direct appeal.
Conyers filed a first PCRA petition in 2014, which the court dismissed
after PCRA counsel filed a motion to withdraw and no-merit letter. Conyers
appealed pro se from the dismissal of his first PCRA petition, but we dismissed
the appeal due to Conyers’ failure to file a brief. See Commonwealth v.
Conyers, No. 399 WDA 2015 (Pa.Super. filed July 6, 2015) (Order).
Conyers filed multiple serial pro se petitions between 2014 and 2015.
The court re-appointed the same PCRA counsel, who filed a single amended
petition in 2016, challenging the legality of Conyers’ mandatory minimum
sentences, pursuant to Alleyne v. United States, 133 S.Ct. 2151 (2013).
See Commonwealth v. Conyers, No. 1165 WDA 216, 2017 WL 4676110,
unpublished memorandum at *1 (Pa.Super. 2017). The PCRA court granted
the amended petition, and resentenced Conyers in 2016 to 11½ to 24 years’
incarceration. Conyers appealed that sentence pro se, and we remanded,
twice – first for the court to conduct a Grazier1 hearing, and then for the court
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1See Commonwealth v. Grazier, 713 A.2d 81 (Pa. 1998), and Pa.R.Crim.P.
121 (relating to the waiver of the right to counsel).
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to conform Conyers’ sentence to Alleyne and rectify any other sentencing
errors. See Conyers, 2017 WL 4676110, at *4.
Upon remand, the trial court sentenced Conyers a third time, in 2018,
to an aggregate of 11¼ to 22½ years’ incarceration. Conyers appealed pro
se, and we affirmed his judgment of sentence. See Conyers, 2019 WL
1223355, at *1-2, *4. We found no merit to Conyers’ claims that his 2018
sentences violated Alleyne, as the court had resentenced without the
mandatory minimums. Id. at *3. We also rejected his argument that the court
erred in changing certain sentences from concurrent to consecutive, as
Conyers had entered an open plea. Id. at *3 n.5. The Pennsylvania Supreme
Court denied Conyers’ petition for allowance of appeal on October 7, 2019.
Conyers filed the instant PCRA petition on April 23, 2020. He alleged
that his plea counsel was ineffective for failing to advise him he would receive
an unconstitutional sentence. PCRA Petition, 4/23/20, at 7-8. Conyers also
claimed the trial court violated the terms of an alleged plea agreement by
imposing consecutive sentences at resentencing. Id. at 8; Memorandum of
Law at 1-2. Conyers claimed that his petition was timely under the newly
discovered facts exception, as he had discovered the law surrounding his
issues while doing research in the prison law library. PCRA Pet. at 5, 6.
The PCRA court issued notice of intent to dismiss the petition without a
hearing. See Pa.R.Crim.P. 907. The court found that “[t]he petition is a second
or subsequent petition and the issues raised herein were heard and litigated
at a prior hearing and on appeal.” Rule 907 Notice, 5/8/20, at 1. The court
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stated it would not be appointing counsel, as no evidentiary hearing was
required. Id. Conyers responded to the notice, and the court denied the
petition.
Conyers appealed, and raises the following issues:
[1.] Is [Conyers] entitled to have his open plea vacated inasafar
as plea counsel, Leland C. Clark[,] was constitutionally ineffective
for advising [Conyers] to plead to sentence[s] p[re]mised on the
application of the mandatory minimums set forth under 18
Pa.C.S.A. § 7508, [t]hus making [Conyers’] plea unconstitutional
and sentence illegal?
[2.] Is [Conyers] entitled to have his open plea vacated inasfar as
PCRA counsel, Matthew J. Kalina[,] was ineffective for failing to
raise the issue of plea counsel’s ineffectiveness for advising
[Conyers] to plead to an unconstitutional sentencing provision,
which violated [Conyers’] due process rights?
[3.] Is [Conyers] entitled to be resentenced inasfar as the jurist
had no authority to change the sentencing structure during the
resentencing from[]an appeal, making [Conyers’] sentence
illegal?
Conyers’ Br. at 3. We review these issues to determine whether the PCRA
court’s dismissal of Conyers’ petition “is supported by evidence of record and
whether it is free of legal error.” Commonwealth v. Hart, 199 A.3d 475, 481
(Pa.Super. 2018) (citation omitted).
Conyers first argues that his plea counsel was ineffective for advising
him that he would be subject to mandatory minimum sentences after he
pleaded guilty, as those sentences were unconstitutional pursuant to Alleyne,
which was decided prior to Conyers’ plea and sentencing. Conyers’ Br. at 6.
Conyers argues that “at the time he entered into his ‘open’ or ‘straight’ guilty
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pleas, there were ‘shared misapprehensions’ regarding the legality of the
sentence[s] that could be imposed,” and that this “erroneous premise” skewed
the parties plea negotiations. Id. at 6-7. Conyers cites Commonwealth v.
Dimatteo, 177 A.3d 182 (Pa. 2018), in support. Conyers’ Br. at 6-7. Conyers
further argues that his PCRA counsel was ineffective for failing to raise the
ineffectiveness of Conyers’ plea counsel. Id. at 8-9.
Finally, Conyers argues that the court ran his original 2013 sentences
concurrently based on plea counsel’s recommendation, thus making it part of
the “terms” of his plea agreement. Id. at 10 (citing Commonwealth v.
Anderson, 643 A.2d 109 (Pa.Super. 1994)). He argues that the court violated
this portion of his plea agreement when it resentenced him to consecutive
sentences. Id.Insofar as Conyers argues his plea counsel was ineffective for failing to
advise him in 2013 of the unconstitutionality of mandatory minimum
sentences, or that his PCRA counsel was ineffective for failing to raise that
issue, his petition is untimely. Timeliness is a threshold, jurisdictional issue.
Commonwealth v. Anderson, 234 A.3d 735, 737 (Pa.Super. 2020). A
petition must be filed within one year of the finality of the judgment of
sentence, unless one of the timeliness exceptions applies. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §
9545(b). These claims relate back to Conyers’ 2013 judgment of sentence,
which became final that same year, when Conyers failed to file a direct appeal.
See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3) (providing a judgment of sentence becomes
final at the conclusion of direct review, or the expiration of time to seek
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review). As Conyers did not file his petition advancing these claims within one
year of that date, it is untimely unless he has successfully invoked one of the
statutory exceptions.
Conyers’ petition asserts timeliness under the newly discovered facts
exception and claims he recently discovered the law surrounding his issue by
doing research at the prison law library. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2)
(providing exception to the one-year time bar where “the facts upon which
the claim is predicated were unknown to the petitioner and could not have
been ascertained by the exercise of due diligence”). However, Conyers did not
plead in his petition that he filed his petition within one year of this discovery,
and, in any event, judicial decisions do not qualify as “facts” for purposes of
this exception. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2); Commonwealth v. Watts,
23 A.3d 980, 986 (Pa. 2011).2
Furthermore, as Conyers has already challenged his 2013 judgment of
sentence in multiple PCRA petitions, the instant petition does not qualify as a
“first” PCRA petition as to that judgment. Cf. Commonwealth v. Snook, 230
A.3d 438, 445 (Pa.Super. 2020) (finding PCRA petition relating to new
judgment of sentence was “first” petition, as opposed to serial petition relating
to previous judgment of sentence). We therefore need not remand for
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2 In addition, as the PCRA court observed, these claims have either been
waived or previously litigated. Conyers was not precluded from raising his
layered ineffectiveness claim earlier, as he proceeded pro se on several
occasions. Conyers moreover failed to raise his layered ineffectiveness claim
in the instant PCRA petition.
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appointment of counsel as to this claim. Cf. id. at 445 n.2 (noting a petitioner
is ordinarily “entitled to the assistance of counsel to litigate a first PCRA
petition”).
Conyers’ third issue—that the court violated his plea agreement by
imposing consecutive sentences at his 2018 resentencing—requires remand.
See Commonwealth v. Lesko, 15 A.3d 345, 374 (Pa. 2011) (holding PCRA
petition was timely as to resentencing but not as to original conviction).
Although it appears Conyers previously litigated a similar, if not identical claim
on direct appeal, this is the first PCRA petition Conyers has filed since his 2018
resentencing, and he is therefore entitled to counsel to assist in raising claims
as to that judgment of sentence. We accordingly vacate the PCRA court’s order
only insofar as it denied relief as to the 2018 resentencing, and remand this
case for the appointment of PCRA counsel or proper waiver of counsel.
Order affirmed in part and vacated in part. Case remanded. Jurisdiction
relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/13/2021
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