Com. v. Wilson, C. ( 2018 )

J-S53036-18
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee :
:
v. :
:
CALVIN WILSON :
:
Appellant : No. 140 EDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order December 15, 2017
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-51-CR-0010812-2013
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., OTT, J., and PLATT*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY GANTMAN, P.J.: FILED SEPTEMBER 18, 2018
Appellant, Calvin Wilson, appeals pro se from the order entered in the
Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas, which dismissed his first petition
brought pursuant to the Post-Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”) at 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§§ 9541-9546. We affirm.
In its opinion, the PCRA court correctly set forth the relevant facts and
procedural history of this case.1 Therefore, we have no need to restate them.
We add that the PCRA court granted counsel’s petition to withdraw on
November 9, 2017. On January 8, 2018, the court ordered Appellant to file a
concise statement of errors complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P.
____________________________________________
1 Page 5 of the PCRA Court Opinion refers to the relevant version of
Pa.R.Crim.P. 564, which was later amended on December 21, 2016, and is
substantially the same.
____________________________________
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
J-S53036-18
1925(b), which he timely filed on January 18, 2018.
Appellant raises the following issues for our review:
WHETHER THE TRIAL AND PCRA COURT ABUSED [ITS]
DISCRETION AND COMMITTED REVERSIBLE ERROR WHEN
THE TRIAL COURT ALLOWED THE COMMONWEALTH TO
AMEND THE BILL OF INFORMATION TO ADD THE CHARGE
OF BURGLARY A4 (F2) AFTER JUDGMENT OF ACQUITTAL
WAS ENTERED ON THE ORIGINAL CHARGE OF BURGLARY
A2 (F1)?
W[ERE] APPELLANT’S RIGHTS VIOLATED UNDER
PA.CONST. ART. 1 § 9 AND U.S.CONST. 5 & 14, DUE
PROCESS OF LAW AND EQUAL PROTECTION, WHEN
APPELLANT WAS CONVICTED OF THE CHARGE OF
BURGLARY A4 (F2) WHICH IS NOT A CHARGE IN THE
ORIGINAL BILL OF INFORMATION AND APPELLANT DID NOT
HAVE A PRELIMINARY HEARING ON THE ADDED/AMENDED
CHARGE OF BURGLARY A4 (F2)?
WHETHER…TRIAL AND PCRA COUNSEL WERE INEFFECTIVE
FOR FAILING TO OBJECT TO THE ADDITION OF THE NEW
CHARGE BURGLARY A4 (F2) BEING ADDED AT THE
SPECIFIC TIME OF TRIAL?
WHETHER APPELLANT’S RIGHT TO EFFECTIVE COUNSEL
WAS VIOLATED UNDER U.S.CONST. [ART.] 6, AND
PA.CONST. ART. 1 § 9 WHEN…TRIAL AND PCRA COUNSEL
FAILED TO RAISE, PRESERVE AND LITIGATE APPELLANT’S
PRO SE CLAIMS THROUGHOUT APPELLANT’S FIRST AND
ONLY PCRA PETITION AND APPELLATE PROCESS?
WHETHER THE PCRA COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION AND
COMMITTED REVERSIBLE ERROR BY SIMPLY ADOPTING
PCRA COUNSEL[’S] [TURNER/]FINLEY LETTER, AND THE
PCRA COURT JUDGE NOT CONDUCTING A SEPARATE
MEANINGFUL AND INDEPENDENT REVIEW OR RENDER A
[RULE] 1925(A) OPINION ON THE ISSUES RAISED
IN…APPELLANT’S INITIAL PRO SE PCRA PETITION AND
RESPONSE TO ORDER AND NOTICE OF INTENT TO DISMISS
APPELLANT’S PCRA PETITION?
(Appellant’s Brief at 4).
-2-
J-S53036-18
After a thorough review of the record, the briefs of the parties, the
applicable law, and the well-reasoned opinion of the Honorable Joseph S.
O’Keefe, we conclude Appellant’s issues merit no relief. The PCRA court
opinion comprehensively discusses and properly disposes of the questions
presented. (See PCRA Court Opinion, filed January 26, 2018, at 4-9) (finding:
(1-3) trial court properly allowed Commonwealth to amend bill of
information; facts in amended bill of information for amended burglary charge
were identical to facts in support of original burglary charge; amended
information merely omitted two elements: whether premises were adapted for
overnight accommodation and occupied at time Appellant entered thereby
identifying only lesser degree of same offense; Appellant knew he was facing
burglary charge and amendment did not affect counsel’s preparation;
Appellant did not suffer prejudice and there is no reasonable probability that
outcome of trial would have differed if counsel had objected; counsel cannot
be deemed ineffective for not objecting to amendment; (5) PCRA court
reviewed all filings, researched parties’ arguments, and independently
reviewed facts and law about Appellant’s allegations; court advised Appellant
of its review in both Rule 907 notice and order dismissing PCRA petition; (4)
Appellant did not specify in his Rule 1925(b) statement which pro se claims
were not raised, so issue is waived). The record supports the PCRA court’s
decision. Accordingly, we affirm on the basis of the PCRA court opinion.
Order affirmed.
-3-
J-S53036-18
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 9/18/18
-4-
Circulated 09/06/2018 04:36 PM
FILED
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF PHILADELPHIA COUNTY
FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA JAN! 6 2018
Office of Judieta1 AecorcJs
Appeats/Posr Trial
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA CRIMINAL TRIAL DIVISION
v. 140 EDA 2018
CAL VIN WILSON CP-51 -CR-0010812-2013
,.
CP-51-CR-0010812-2013 Comm. Y. Wison, Cahrin
Opinion
OPINION
O'KEEFE,J. II I II lllll 111111111111111
__ 80,�0�12621 ./
Defendant, Calvin Wilson, appeals from the order denying his Post-Conviction Relief Act
Petition (hereinafter referred to as "PCRA" for the sake of brevity) pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. § 9541
et seq.
PROCEDURAL HISTORY:
Defendant, Calvin Wilson, was arrested on July 7, 2013, and charged with two counts of
burglary, one count of criminal trespass, and one count of criminal mischief. The information
charged burglary as a felony of the first degree - entering a building or occupied structure, with
the intent to commit a crime therein, where the building or occupied structure was adapted for
overnight accommodation and an individual was present at the time of entry .1 Prior to trial the
1
This version of the burglary statute, 18 Pa.C.S. § 3502 (c)(I) was in effect from September 4, 2012 through
February 21, 2014.
prosecution was permitted to amend the burglary charge to that of a felony of the second degree,
removing the elements of the premises being adapted for overnight accommodation and someone
present at the time of entry.2 Following a bench trial on April 17, 2014, Wilson was convicted of
the burglary, graded as a felony of the second degree, criminal trespass and criminal mischief. On
June 19, 2014, the defendant was sentenced to four to ten years' incarceration, followed by one
year of probation.
Timely appeal was made to the Superior Court who affirmed the judgment of sentence on
July 7, 2015. Commonwealth v. Wilson, 125 A.3d 438 (Pa.Super. 2015) (2136 EDA 2014). Allo-
catur was denied on December 8, 2015.- Commonwealth v. Wilson, 129 A3d 1243 (Pa.2015) ( 453
Mr. Wilson filed this PCRA petition on October 19, 2016, and Jules Szanto, Esquire was
appointed to represent the defendant. When Mr. Szanto was injured in an automobile accident, he
requested to be relieved of his appointment due to his medical infirmity and new counsel was
appointed. On September 5, counsel filed a Finley letter and motion to withdraw to which the
defendant filed a pro se objection on September 25, 2017. After an independent review of the
record, a Notice oflntent to Dismiss was mailed to Mr. Wilson on November 9, 2017. Again the
defendant filed his prose objection. The undersigned conducted a new, independent review of the
record and on December 151\ the petition was dismissed. Timely appeal was made to the Superior
Court.
2 The record reflects that prior to trial the prosecutor stated: "I believe there is a problem with the bills that needs to
be corrected. Actually, it looks like it may have already been corrected." (N.T. 4/17/14, p.3).
3
Commonwealth v. Finley, 379 Pa. Super. 390, 550 A.2d 213 (1988)
2
STANDARD OF REVIEW:
When reviewing an order denying a PCRA petition, an appellate court looks to whether
the PCRA court's decision is supported by the evidence of record and is free of legal error. Com-
monwealth v. Spatz, 624 Pa. 4, 84 A.3d 294 (2014 ). On questions of law, the standard of review
is de novo and the scope ofreview is plenary. Commonwealth v. Henkel, 90 A.3d 16, 20 (Pa.Super.
2014). The court will grant great deference to the factual findings of the PCRA court and will not
disturb those facts unless they have no support in the record. Id
FACTS:
On July 7, 2013, Phillip Yannella arrived at his property located at 1113 Lakeside Avenue
in Philadelphia and was unable to enter, as all three of the entrances to the property were blocked
from the inside. Mr. Yannella had most recently been to the premises the day before and all was
well. (N.T. 4-17-2014, p. 7-8). Concerned, Yannella called the police. (N.T. 4�17·2014, p. 8).
Several police officers responded to the radio call. Responding Officer Andy Yun climbed through
the recently broken first floor window, and although announcing himself as a police officer multi-
ple times, received no response. Yun opened the door to one of the bedrooms and saw "the de-
fendant attempting to go hide inside a closet in the bedroom." (N.T. 4-17-2014, p. 18). The de-
fendant was placed in custody. Officer Yun proceeded to the front door of the property where he
found one of the kitchen cabinet doors wedged between the front door and the staircase and dam-
age to the window and kitchen cabinets. (N.T. 4-17-2014, p. 19-20). The owner testified that the
tile on the floor next to the window had been broken, the sliding glass door had been removed,
three kitchen cabinet doors had been removed, a screwdriver had been jammed into the garage
3
door tract, property removed from the closets and a blue crack pipe was now in the premises. (N. T.
4·17-2014, p. 10). Mr. Vanella acknowledged that nothing was removed from the house, but then
again, the defendant was still inside when the police arrived. (N.T. 4·17-2014, p. 14).
LEGAL DISCUSSION:
Trial Counsel's Failure to Obiecl to Amending the Bill oflnformation
The law is clear that counsel is presumed effective and a defendant claiming ineffective
assistance of counsel bears the burden of proving otherwise. Commonwealth v, Fears, 624 Pa.
446, 86 A.3d 795 (2014); Commonwealth v. Cross, 535 Pa. 38, 634 A.2d 173 (1993); Common·
wealth v. Busanet, 618 Pa. 1, 54 A.3d 35, 45 (2012). That burden never shifts. Commonwealth v.
-·-------··----------·---------····-··---··---
Cross, supra. In order to overcome this presumption, a defendant must meet a three component
standard: First, the underlying claim must have arguable merit. Commonwealth v. Rollins, 558 Pa.
532, 542, 738 A.2d 435, 441 (1999); Commonwealth v. Travaglia, 541 Pa. 108, 661 A.2d 352, 356
(1995). Second, no reasonable basis must exist for counsel's actions or inaction. In making this
determination, the appellate court does not question whether there was a more logical course of
action which counsel could have pursued, but rather did counsel's decision have any reasonable
basis. Commonwealth v. Rollins, supra at 542, 441. Lastly, the defendant must establish that he
suffered prejudice because of the attorney's error, such that there is a reasonable probability that
the outcome of the proceeding would have been different absent such an error. Commonwealth v.
Fears, supra at 461, 804; Commonwealth v, Lesko, 609 Pa. 128, 15 AJd 345, 373-74 (2011) (cit-
ing Commonwealth v. Pierce, 515 Pa. 153, 527 A.2d 973, 975 (1987)). A petitioner claiming
ineffectiveness must establish that counsel's action or inaction "so undermined the truth deterrnin-
4
ing process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place." Common-
wealth v. Garnett, 418 Pa.Super.58, 63, 613 A.2d 569, 571 (1992), appeal denied, 621 A.2.d 577
(Pa. 1993) (quoting Commonwealth v. Thomas, 396 Pa.Super. 92, 98, 578 A.2d 422, 425 (1990)).
Wilson complains trial counsel was ineffective for failing to object to the amendment to
the burglary bill of information which lowered the grading of the charge from a felony of the first
degree to a felony of the second degree. Permitting an amendment to a bill of information is within
the sound discretion of the court and will not be disturbed on appeal except for an abuse of that
discretion. Commonwealth v. Small, 559 Pa. 423, 450, 741 A.2d 666, 681 (1999). Pennsylvania
Rule of Criminal Procedure 564 allows amendments to bills of information: "when there is a defect
-----in-form,the-clescri-ption-of-the-offense(s),the-description-of-any-p·erson---urprop-erty,-orthe-11at--
e ------- ·------- - --
charged, provided the information as amended does not charge an additional or different offense."
Pa.R.Crim.P. 564. The purpose of the rule is to ensure that the accused is fully apprised of the
charges and to avoid any prejudice to the defendant by prohibiting last minute addition of criminal
acts of which the defendant is uninformed. Commonwealth v. Mentzer, f i.A-.3'1120{)(@..�\F'"· 2��f ;i.,., .d
Commonwealth v. Sinclair, 897 A.2d 1218, 1221 (Pa.Super.2006)). When reviewing a request to
amend an information the court must take into consideration:
" ... whether the crimes specified in the original indictment or
information involve the same basic elements and evolved out of the
same factual situation as the crimes specified in the amended indict-
ment or information. If so, then the defendant is deemed to have
been placed on notice regarding his alleged criminal conduct."
Id. (quoting Commonwealth v. Davalos, 779 A.2d 1190, 1194 (Pa.Super. 2001)).
5
The Superior Court has set out some of the factors to be considered when determining
whether the defendant will be prejudiced by the amendment:
"( 1) whether the amendment changes the factual scenario supporting
the charges; (2) whether the amendment adds new facts previously
unknown to the defendant; (3) whether the entire factual scenario
was developed during a preliminary hearing; (4) whether the de-
scription of the charges changed with the amendment; (5) whether
the change in defense strategy was necessitated by the amendment;
and (6) whether the timing of the Commonwealth's request for
amendment allowed for ample notice and preparation."
Commonwealth v. Witmayer, 144 A.3d 939, 947 (Pa.Super.2016); Commonwealth v. Sinclair, 897
A.2d 1218, 1222 (Pa.Super.2006); Commonwealth v. Davalos, 779 A.2d 1190, 1194
___(Pa.Suger.2001)�--·----
. ·-· --··· ··· -·--· - ------··-·--·-··- -- ····-----·- ···-·-----·------- _
A review of the record clearly shows that the amendment was properly allowed in that the
supporting facts for the amended burglary charge were identical to the original burglary accusa-
tion. The amendment merely omitted two elements of the crime: whether the premises were
adapted for overnight accommodation and whether anyone was present at the time the defendant
entered the property. No additional or different offenses were added. The complained of conduct
by the defendant remained the same. Wilson was aware he was facing a burglary charge and the
amendment did not affect his counsel's preparation. All that changed was the defendant was facing
a lesser degree of the same charge. It is undeniable that the defendant suffered no prejudice by the
amendment and as such counsel cannot be deemed ineffective for failing to object to the amend-
ment. Likewise, there is no reasonable probability that the outcome of the proceeding would have
been different absent such inaction by trial counsel.
6
Failure ofPCRA Court to Conduct Independent Review
The appellate courts have developed an elaborate set of requirements which must be fol-
lowed when an attorney wishes to withdraw from the representation of a PCRA petitioner when
there are no meritorious claims. Commonwealth v. Finley, 379 Pa.Super. 390, 550 A.2d 213
(1988); Commonwealth v. Turner, 518 Pa. 491, 544 A.2d 927 (1988); Commonwealth v. Bond,
428 Pa.Super. 344, 630 A.2d 1281 (1993). When an attorney, in his or her professional judgment
determines that the issues raised in the PCRA are meritless, the attorney will be permitted to with-
draw and the defendant may proceed prose or by privately retained counsel. Commonwealth v.
Turner, supra, 518 Pa. at 495, 544 A.2d at 928-929. In order to do so> counsel must file with the
court a no-merit letter, explaining the' extentofthe attorney's review�llie claims raised by the
defendant and why those issues are meritless. Commonwealth v. Finley, supra, 379 Pa.Super. at
392, 550 A.2d at 215. At that point, the court must conduct its own review of the record and
determine if the petition is meritless. Once that procedure is completed and the defendant has
received all of the protections inherent in a collateral proceeding, no further inquiry, notification
to the defendant or finding that the claims are frivolous is necessary. Commonwealth v. Finley,
supra, 379 Pa.Super. at 393, 550 A.2d at 215; Commonwealth v. Bond, 428 Pa.Super. 344, 347-
348, 630 A.2d 1281, 1283 (1993). The proscribed procedure was fo11owed in this matter.
Wilson contends that this court erred in failing to independently reviewing his case. Noth-
ing could be further from the truth. This court reviewed all of the filings, researched the arguments
and made an independent review of the facts and law concerning the defendant's allegations. The
defendant was advised in both the Notice of Intent to Dismiss pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of
Criminal Procedure 907 and the order dismissing the petition that the undersigned had made an
7
independent review of the entire record before dismissing this defendant's PCRA petition. The
defendant has failed to present even an iota of evidence to back up this claim and accordingly, the
decision of this court should be affirmed.
Failure to Litigate Pro Se Claims
Defendant's other complaint on appeal was that "trial and PCRA counsel failed to raise,
preserve, and litigate appellant's pro se [sic] claims throughout appellant's first and only PCRA
petition, and appellate process." Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal, p.1. Pennsylva-
nia Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(b) requires that the Statement of Matters Complained of on
Appeal must sufficiently, concisely and coherently identify the issues to be raised. See Common-
wealth v. Ray, 134 A.3d 1109, 1114 (Pa.Super.2016); Commonwealth v. Dowling, 778 A.2d 683
(Pa.Super.2001). As the Superior Court has noted, "Rule 1925 is intended to aid trial judges in
identifying and focusing upon those issues which the parties plan to raise on appeal. Rule 1925 is
thus a crucial component of the appellate process." Commonwealthv. Lord, 553 Pa. 415, 719 A.2d
306, 308 (1998). When a defendant fails to adequately identify, in a concise manner, the issues he
seeks to pursue on appeal, the trial court is impeded in its preparation of a legal analysis pertinent
to those issues. Commonwealth vs. Dowling, supra, 778 A.2d at 686; Commonwealth v. Ray,
supra; In re Estate of Daubert, 757 A.2d 962, 963 (Pa.Super.2000). "When a court has to guess
what issues an appellant is appealing, that is not enough for meaningful review." Commonwealth
v. Butler, 756 A.2d 55, 57 (Pa.Super.2000) (citing Giles v. Douglas, 747 A.2d 1236, 1237
(Pa.Super.2000)). As Appellant's statement fails to adequately identify any remaining issues, they
are waived.
8
• I I •
Accordingly, the court acted within its discretion in dismissing the PCRA petition and
should be affirmed.
BY THE COURT:
DA TE: January 26, 2018
9