Com. v. Kubis, G. ( 2017 )

J-A29042-17
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee :
:
v. :
:
GEORGE VINCENT KUBIS, :
:
Appellant : No. 482 EDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order December 22, 2016,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County,
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-09-CR-0008943-2007
BEFORE: LAZARUS, PLATT,* and STRASSBURGER,* JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY STRASSBURGER, J.: FILED DECEMBER 04, 2017
George Vincent Kubis (Appellant) appeals pro se from the order
dismissing his petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA),
42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. We affirm.
At approximately 8:10 a.m. on August 23, 2007, Appellant
entered [the victim’s] hair salon wearing a black bandana,
sunglasses, and black clothing. Appellant demanded that [the
victim] give him all his money and then hit him in the head with
his palm. After [the victim] emptied the cash register, Appellant
threatened to stab [the victim] if he did not give Appellant the rest
of the money in the store. [The victim] then led Appellant to the
salon’s safe. As [the victim] struggled with the safe’s combination,
Appellant stated, “If you don’t open that safe in the next two
seconds, I am going to run a knife through you.” After [the victim]
handed over the money, Appellant instructed [the victim] to stay
down and threatened to beat him.
Appellant then turned to leave the salon, ripping a ringing
phone off the wall as he exited. [The victim] did not have a clear
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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view of the vehicle Appellant fled in, but believed it was dark in
color. After Appellant left, [the victim] called 911 from another
phone in the salon.
Detective John Schlotter of the Warminster Township Police
Department spoke with Glen Ockenhouse, an employee of the
bank located in the same shopping center as [the victim’s] salon.
Ockenhouse arrived at work during the robbery and witnessed a
dark colored Jeep Cherokee parked next to the hair salon. He
stated that the driver, a man in a black bandana and sunglasses,
exited the Jeep and entered the salon. Ockenhouse was also able
to provide Detective Schlotter with video footage from the bank
surveillance camera which showed a dark vehicle resembling a
Jeep driving through the bank parking lot.
Detective Schlotter then received a tip from the Horsham
Township Police Department indicating that Appellant had recently
been released from prison after serving time for two armed
robberies involving a knife, and had been spotted in a Jeep that
matched the description given by Ockenhouse and seen on the
bank video.
Detective Schlotter proceeded to Appellant’s apartment,
where he found a Jeep Cherokee similar to the one viewed on the
bank surveillance video. Inside, police saw a black bandana, two
folding knives, and a box cutter. After questioning Appellant,
officers seized the Jeep. During the seizure, Appellant attempted
to remove the car from the premises, but was not permitted to do
so. A later search of the Jeep pursuant to a warrant revealed
sunglasses and a pair of gloves in its passenger compartment.
Detective Schlotter then used computer software to compile
a photo lineup. The detective selected seven photos of balding
men with light complexions, mustaches, and blue eyes to match
Appellant’s general appearance. From the assembled array, [the
victim] selected photos of Appellant and one other man.
Based on the foregoing, the Commonwealth arrested
Appellant and charged him with robbery and related offenses.
Commonwealth v. Kubis, 978 A.2d 391, 392–93 (Pa. Super. 2009) (internal
citations omitted).
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Prior to trial, Appellant filed a motion to suppress concerning, inter alia,
the victim’s identification of Appellant after viewing the photo array. After a
hearing, the trial court denied the motion. On March 13, 2008, a jury found
Appellant guilty of charges related to the robbery, and Appellant was
sentenced to an aggregate term of 25 to 50 years of incarceration. On July
21, 2009, this Court affirmed Appellant’s judgment of sentence, Kubis, 978
A.2d at 399, and Appellant did not file a petition for allowance of appeal to our
Supreme Court.
On August 17, 2009, Appellant pro se filed timely a PCRA petition.
Counsel was appointed, and after a hearing, the PCRA court denied Appellant’s
petition on November 4, 2013. Appellant filed a notice of appeal to this Court,
and this Court affirmed the denial of the PCRA petition on August 12, 2014.
The primary issue in that appeal concerned
the Commonwealth’s failure, prior to trial, to provide [Appellant]
or his [counsel] with a computer-generated image of the
perpetrator of the robbery created by the police during an
interview with the victim using a program called “Faces.”
According to [Appellant], the failure to provide the image to trial
counsel prior to trial constituted a Brady [v. Maryland, 373 U.S.
83 (1963),] violation and a violation of the mandatory discovery
provision contained in Rule of Criminal Procedure 573, as the
image created looked nothing like [Appellant] and could have
been used in support of his misidentification defense. The PCRA
court found that there was no violation of Brady or Rule 573, as
(1) Detective Schlotter testified at the suppression hearing in this
case regarding the existence of the computer-generated image,
and (2) [Appellant] cannot demonstrate that the computer-
generated image would have changed the outcome of the case.
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Commonwealth v. Kubis, 106 A.3d 157 (Pa. Super. 2014) (unpublished
memorandum at 3) (internal citations omitted).
On appeal, this Court agreed that there was no Brady violation because
Appellant “was aware that the police attempted to create a computer-
generated image of the robbery suspect based upon a description given by
the victim in this case and failed to exercise reasonable diligence to obtain the
image from the Commonwealth.” Id. at 4. In addition, this Court held that
there was no violation of the mandatory discovery rule because “the
computer-generated image was not a picture of the perpetrator as described
by the victim, was never seen by the victim, and was never adopted by the
victim as resembling the perpetrator.” Id. at 5. Thus, this Court affirmed the
denial of Appellant’s PCRA petition. Id. at 12. Appellant filed a petition for
allowance of appeal to our Supreme Court, which was denied on January 29,
2015. Commonwealth v. Kubis, 108 A.3d 34 (Pa. 2015).
On March 30, 2015, Appellant filed pro se the PCRA petition at issue in
this appeal. Appellant conceded that his petition was filed untimely. See PCRA
Petition, 3/30/2015, at 30. Nevertheless, he contended that his petition met
the governmental-interference exception to the PCRA time bar. Thereafter,
Appellant sought and was granted numerous extensions to file a memorandum
of law in support of his PCRA petition. Appellant eventually filed a
memorandum of law on October 6, 2016. In that memorandum, he further
argued that this petition should be considered timely pursuant to both the
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aforementioned governmental-interference exception as well as the newly-
discovered fact exception. Memorandum of Law, 10/6/2016, at 27.
The Commonwealth responded, and on November 9, 2016, the PCRA
court issued notice of its intent to dismiss Appellant’s PCRA petition without a
hearing. Appellant did not file a response, and on December 22, 2016, the
PCRA court dismissed Appellant’s petition. Appellant filed a notice of appeal.1
Both Appellant and the PCRA court complied with the mandates of Pa.R.A.P.
1925.
Before we can examine Appellant’s substantive claims, we must
determine whether the filing of his PCRA petition was timely. See, e.g.,
Commonwealth v. Lewis, 63 A.3d 1274, 1280-81 (Pa. Super. 2013)
(quoting Commonwealth v. Chester, 895 A.2d 520, 522 (Pa. 2006)) (“‘[I]f
a PCRA petition is untimely, neither this Court nor the [PCRA] court has
jurisdiction over the petition. Without jurisdiction, we simply do not have the
legal authority to address the substantive claims.’”). The PCRA sets forth the
following with respect to timeliness.
(1) Any petition under this subchapter, including a second or
subsequent petition, shall be filed within one year of the date the
1 Appellant’s notice of appeal was due on January 21, 2017, but was not
docketed with the PCRA court until January 27, 2017. However, Appellant has
provided a cash slip dated January 19, 2017, showing the date he gave it to
the prison authorities for mailing. See Response to Rule to Show Cause,
4/10/2017, at Exhibit A. “[T]he prisoner mailbox rule provides that a pro se
prisoner’s document is deemed filed on the date he delivers it to prison
authorities for mailing.” Commonwealth v. Chambers, 35 A.3d 34, 38 (Pa.
Super. 2011). Thus, Appellant’s notice of appeal is deemed to have been filed
on January 19, 2017, and was therefore timely filed.
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judgment becomes final, unless the petition alleges and the
petitioner proves that:
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
interference by government officials with the presentation
of the claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this
Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United
States;
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were
unknown to the petitioner and could not have been
ascertained by the exercise of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was
recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or
the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period
provided in this section and has been held by that court to
apply retroactively.
(2) Any petition invoking an exception provided in paragraph (1)
shall be filed within 60 days of the date the claim could have been
presented.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b).
Here, Appellant conceded his petition was filed outside the one-year
time period for filing timely a PCRA petition. However, Appellant attempts to
invoke the governmental-interference and newly-discovered facts exceptions.
See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i) and (ii).
While it is somewhat difficult to decipher Appellant’s exact argument as
to why these exceptions apply, it appears that he is concerned primarily with
the handling of his prior PCRA petition. He claims that the PCRA court should
have permitted him to proceed pro se and addressed the pro se motions he
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filed.2 See Appellant’s Brief at 21-24. He goes on to argue that had he been
permitted to proceed pro se, the outcome of his prior PCRA petition would
have been different. Id. at 24. Appellant contends that after he learned
additional information about the computer-generated image during his prior
PCRA hearing, he “took his own measures and contacted the proprietor of the
tech company.” Id. at 30. According to Appellant, the information he learned
from the company revealed that testimony provided by the Commonwealth
“was both ‘false & misleading.’” Id. Appellant suggests that the issues created
by this computer-generated image, including the Commonwealth’s failure to
disclose it and counsel’s failure to investigate it, satisfy the timeliness
exceptions. Moreover, he asserts the outcome would have been different “had
[he] been represented by counsel whom [sic] conducted more than a
perfunctory review/investigation.” Id. at 35.
2The record reveals that on May 7, 2012, Appellant filed a motion to proceed
pro se alleging that appointed counsel was not adequately investigating
Appellant’s claims. See Motion For Leave To Proceed From A Pro Se Standing,
5/7/2012. A PCRA hearing was held on May 20, 2013. At that hearing, the
Commonwealth represented that a hearing pursuant to Commonwealth v.
Grazier, 713 A.2d 81 (Pa. 1998), was held on July 24, 2012, where Appellant
agreed to proceed with appointed counsel. See N.T., 5/20/2013, at 6.
After numerous delays, as well as additional pro se filings, Appellant pro se
filed a motion for appointment of new counsel on December 17, 2012.
Appellant also filed a motion to proceed pro se once again. However, at the
May 20, 2013 PCRA hearing, Appellant did not object to being represented by
appointed counsel, and further clarified that stance at the close of the hearing.
Id. at 118. However, less than a month after the PCRA court denied Appellant
relief, Appellant pro se filed a petition opposing representation by appointed
counsel. The record does not reveal what happened to that motion, but
appointed counsel did represent Appellant in that appeal.
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At the outset, we observe that “[i]t is well settled that allegations of
ineffective assistance of counsel will not overcome the jurisdictional timeliness
requirements of the PCRA.” Commonwealth v. Wharton, 886 A.2d 1120,
1127 (Pa. 2005). Thus, no matter how creatively Appellant states his claims,
to the extent he is claiming any or all prior counsel were ineffective, he cannot
satisfy an exception to the PCRA time bar. We have held specifically that
allegations of ineffective assistance of court-appointed counsel in a timely-
filed PCRA petition do not satisfy the governmental-interference exception.
See Commonwealth v. Pursell, 749 A.2d 911, 916 (Pa. 2000) (“[C]laims
relating to ineffectiveness of counsel for failing to raise certain issues do not
qualify due to the specific provision in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(4) that the term
‘government officials’ does not include defense counsel.”). In addition, the
newly-discovered facts exception applies only to “newly discovered facts, not
[for] a newly discovered or newly willing source for previously known facts.”
Commonwealth v. Marshall, 947 A.2d 714, 720 (Pa. 2008).
Based on the foregoing, Appellant has not convinced us that he has pled
or proven any facts that satisfy an exception to the timeliness requirements
of the PCRA. Therefore, the instant petition was untimely filed, and the PCRA
court properly dismissed Appellant’s petition for lack of jurisdiction. Thus, we
affirm the PCRA court’s December 22, 2016 order.
Order affirmed.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/4/2017
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