Com. v. Brown, L., Jr. ( 2016 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
LAMAR W. BROWN, JR.,
Appellant No. 1920 MDA 2015
Appeal from the PCRA Order October 15, 2015
In the Court of Common Pleas of Adams County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-01-CR-0000140-2003
BEFORE: BOWES, SHOGAN, and FITZGERALD,* JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.: FILED AUGUST 11, 2016
Appellant, Lamar W. Brown, Jr., appeals pro se from the order denying
his second petition for relief filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act
(“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. We affirm.
A previous panel of this Court summarized the factual and extensive
procedural history of this case as follows:
On December 17, 2002, Appellant and his co-
defendant were arrested and charged for the robbery
of three individuals of cash and jewelry in the
Borough of Gettysburg. At the time, Appellant was
brandishing a sawed-off shotgun. On April 7, 2003,
Clarence E. Allen, Esquire, entered his appearance
on behalf of Appellant. On May 19, 2003, an Order
was entered granting Attorney Allen access to
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*
Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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Appellant’s medical records from the Adams County
Prison.
On October 20, 2003, Appellant entered a plea
of guilty to three counts of Robbery, 18 Pa.C.S.A. §
3701. Sentencing was deferred until January 13,
2004. At that time, the trial court was presented
with a pre-sentence investigation report which
contained a copy of a mental health evaluation
performed on Appellant at the prison by Rose
Maturo, M.S., L.P.C., dated January 6, 2004.
Nothing therein gave any hint that Appellant was
unable to understand due to the medication he was
taking.FN1 Appellant was sentenced to three
consecutive terms of imprisonment of 5-10 years.
His request for reconsideration of sentence was
denied on April 20, 2004. No direct appeal was filed.
FN1: In fact, the report indicates that
during the interview Appellant “was alert
and oriented to person, place, and time
and his memory and thought processes
are intact.” Report at 2.
Appellant filed a pro se Motion for Post-
Conviction Collateral Relief on May 27, 2005. After
review, the PCRA court wrote to Appellant advising
that the issues he was raising were untimely and
would be dismissed unless properly amended.
Gregory Hollinger, Esquire, was appointed to
represent Appellant.
On July 6, 2005, Appellant, through counsel,
filed a Statement of Objection to Dismissal of PCRA
Petition wherein he claimed relief because inter alia
(1) Plea counsel failed to file a motion to withdraw
his plea as requested, (2) Plea counsel failed to file
an appeal from sentencing, and (3) Appellant’s guilty
plea was involuntarily entered because Appellant was
then taking medications that interfered with his
ability to comprehend his decision to plead guilty.
***
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At a pre-hearing conference scheduled for
January 12, 2006, the primary issue at that time was
whether Appellant’s right to file a direct appeal from
sentencing should be granted. If granted, all other
post-conviction collateral claims would be stayed
pending the outcome of the appeal, but, if denied,
the PCRA motion would be dismissed as untimely
filed.
On January 12, 2006, without a hearing, the
Commonwealth conceded the issue regarding
Appellant’s right to appeal. Therefore, the right was
reinstated and Appellant filed his appeal on January
24, 2006. Seven days later, the [c]ourt directed
Appellant to file his Statement of Matters Complained
of on Appeal as required by Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). That
statement was not filed until March 10, 2006.
Because of that late filing, [a panel of the Superior
Court] considered all issues waived and affirmed the
judgment of sentence on January 3, 2007. See
Commonwealth v. Brown, 212 MDA 2006 (Pa.
Super. filed Jan. 3, 2010) (unpublished
memorandum).
On October 30, 2007, Appellant filed another
PCRA petition wherein he claimed relief on the basis
of ineffective assistance of counsel and an invalid
plea due to the effects of medication. Barbara
Entwistle, Esquire, was appointed to represent
Appellant. She filed a Supplemental PCRA Petition
on December 28, 2007, which she further amended
on January 10, 2008. Essentially, the same claims
for relief were averred as raised in 2005, with the
addition of Attorney Hollinger’s ineffectiveness in
filing a late Rule 1925 statement.
***
On November 12, 2009, the PCRA court
entered an Opinion and Order finding Appellant’s
initial PCRA counsel ineffective and granting
Appellant the right to pursue his original direct
appeal.
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Appellant appealed on December 10, 2009,
and the Superior Court affirmed [his judgment of
sentence] on November 15, 2010. See
Commonwealth v. Brown, 2119 MDA 2009 (Pa.
Super. filed Nov. 15, 2010) (unpublished
memorandum).
For reasons that need not be discussed,
Attorney Entwistle requested leave to be replaced as
Appellant’s counsel and, on January 14, 2011,
Stephen Maitland, Esquire, was appointed to
represent Appellant. The Court indicated, in writing,
to Appellant and Attorney Maitland that the case
would proceed when they identified the issues they
wished to pursue.[1] On August 4, 2011, Attorney
Maitland filed a “memorandum” stating that the only
issue being pursued concerned the validity of
Appellant’s plea. He also indicated that he was not
successful in obtaining York County medical records
and, therefore, intended to claim “governmental
interference.”
The lower court treated Attorney Maitland’s
memorandum as a PCRA Petition. A hearing was
held before this [c]ourt on October 17, 2011. At that
time, Appellant also claimed that he was not properly
colloquied regarding his right to a jury trial where he
would be presumed innocent.
On October 31, 2011, the PCRA [court] denied Appellant’s PCRA
petition. [A] timely appeal followed.
Commonwealth v. Brown, 2045 MDA 2011, 60 A.3d 580 (Pa. Super. filed
August 24, 2012) (unpublished memorandum at 2-4.). A panel of this Court
affirmed the PCRA court’s denial of Appellant’s PCRA petition on August 24,
2012. Id.
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1
The record is unclear as to what triggered the common pleas court’s action.
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On July 9, 2015, Appellant filed a second PCRA petition. The PCRA
court dismissed this second PCRA petition by order entered October 16,
2015. Appellant timely appealed. The trial court did not order the filing of a
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement.
Appellant presents the following issues for our review:
I. Did the P.C.R.A. Court err in denying the Post Conviction
Relief Act Petition without a hearing by misapprehending the
retroactive application in Commonwealth v. Hopkins, 117
A.3d 247 (2015) when [its] paradigm, Alleyne v. United
States, 133 S. Ct. 2151 (2013) created a “substantive rule,”
which “the Constitution requires State Collateral Review Courts
to give retroactive effect to that rule?”
II. Did the P.C.R.A. Court err in denying the Post Conviction
Relief Act Petition without a hearing when Appellant Mr. Brown
filed the instant Post Conviction Relief Act Petition timely by filing
within sixty (60) days of learning of the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania’s decision in Commonwealth v. Hopkins, 117
A.3d 247 (2015)?
III. Did the P.C.R.A. Court err in denying the Post Conviction
Relief Act Petition without a hearing when Appellant Mr. Brown
contends that through the Court’s inherent power, the P.C.R.A.
Court always retains jurisdiction to correct his patently
unconstitutional, and therefore illegal sentence?
Appellant’s Brief at 4.
Our standard of review of an order denying PCRA relief is whether the
record supports the PCRA court’s determination and whether the PCRA
court’s determination is free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Phillips, 31
A.3d 317, 319 (Pa. Super. 2011) (citing Commonwealth v. Berry, 877
A.2d 479, 482 (Pa. Super. 2005)). The PCRA court’s findings will not be
disturbed unless there is no support for the findings in the certified record.
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Id. (citing Commonwealth v. Carr, 768 A.2d 1164, 1166 (Pa. Super.
2001)).
A PCRA petition must be filed within one year of the date that the
judgment of sentence becomes final. 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1). This time
requirement is mandatory and jurisdictional in nature, and the PCRA court
may not ignore it in order to reach the merits of the petition.
Commonwealth v. Cintora, 69 A.3d 759, 762 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citing
Commonwealth v. Murray, 753 A.2d 201, 203 (Pa. 2000)). A judgment of
sentence “becomes final at the conclusion of direct review, including
discretionary review in the Supreme Court of the United States and the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of time for seeking the
review.” 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(3).
However, an untimely petition may be received when the petition
alleges, and the petitioner proves, that any of the three limited exceptions to
the time for filing the petition, set forth at 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i), (ii),
and (iii), is met.2 A petition invoking one of these exceptions must be filed
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2
The exceptions to the timeliness requirement are:
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
interference by government officials with the presentation of the
claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this
Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States;
(Footnote Continued Next Page)
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within sixty days of the date the claim could first have been presented. 42
Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2). In order to be entitled to the exceptions to the
PCRA’s one-year filing deadline, “the petitioner must plead and prove
specific facts that demonstrate his claim was raised within the sixty-day time
frame” under section 9545(b)(2). Carr, 768 A.2d at 1167.
As noted, following reinstatement of Appellant’s direct appeal rights, a
panel of this Court affirmed Appellant’s judgment of sentence on November
15, 2010. Commonwealth v. Brown, 2119 MDA 2009, 22 A.3d 1070, (Pa.
Super. filed November 15, 2010). Appellant did not file a petition for
allowance of appeal to our Supreme Court. Accordingly, Appellant’s
judgment of sentence became final thirty days after this Court affirmed his
judgment of sentence, when the time for seeking allowance of appeal
expired. 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(3); Pa.R.A.P. 1113(a). Thus, for purposes of
section 9545(b), Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final on
December 15, 2010. Therefore, Appellant had until December 15, 2011, to
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(Footnote Continued)
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown
to the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the
exercise of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was
recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in
this section and has been held by that court to apply
retroactively.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii).
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file a timely petition. Appellant did not file the instant PCRA petition until
July 9, 2015. Appellant’s instant PCRA petition is patently untimely.
As previously stated, if a petitioner does not file a timely PCRA
petition, his petition may nevertheless be received under any of the three
limited exceptions to the timeliness requirements of the PCRA. 42 Pa.C.S. §
9545(b)(1). If a petitioner asserts one of these exceptions, he must file his
petition within sixty days of the date that the exception could be asserted.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2).
Appellant argues that the “newly discovered fact” exception at 42
Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(ii) applies in this case. Appellant’s Brief at 17; PCRA
Petition, 7/9/15, at 1-2. Appellant maintains that he “raises the ‘newly
discovered fact’ of his sentence becoming illegal in light of the Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania’s decision in Commonwealth v. Hopkins, 117 A.3d
247 (June 15, 2015).”3 Appellant’s Brief at 17 (emphasis in original).
Appellant argues that he timely invoked this exception by filing the current
PCRA petition within sixty days of the Hopkins ruling. Id. Appellant also
asserts that his sentence is “not only illegal because of the precedential
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3
In Hopkins, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania found that pursuant to
Alleyne v. United States, 133 S. Ct. 2151, 2158, (2013), the mandatory
minimum sentencing scheme set forth in 18 Pa.C.S. § 6317 (“Drug-free
school zones”) was unconstitutional in its entirety. Hopkins, 117 A.3d at
262. The appellant in Hopkins had filed a direct appeal, as his sentence
was not final at the time the Supreme Court of the United States issued its
decision in Alleyne.
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case-law of Hopkins, but because of the principles of the statute becoming
null and void based [upon] the standards set by the United States Supreme
Court in Alleyne.” Id.
This Court has ruled that judicial decisions are not facts for purposes
of 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii). See Cintora, 69 A.3d at 763 (“[A] judicial
opinion does not qualify as a previously unknown ‘fact’ capable of triggering
the timeliness exception set forth in section 9545(b)(1)(ii) of the PCRA.”).
Thus, Appellant has not properly invoked the time-bar exception under 42
Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii).
Additionally, we note that Appellant’s PCRA petition does not qualify
for the new constitutional right exception to the PCRA time bar under 42
Pa.C.S. 9545(b)(1)(iii). Neither the United States Supreme Court nor the
Pennsylvania Supreme Court has determined that Alleyne applies
retroactively to those whose sentences were final prior to its issuance.
Commonwealth v. Miller, 102 A.3d 988, 995 (Pa. Super. 2014).4 Indeed,
our State Supreme Court recently held that “Alleyne does not apply
retroactively to cases pending on collateral review.” Commonwealth v.
Washington, __ A.3d __, 2016 WL 3909088 at *8, 37 EAP 2015 (Pa. filed
July 19, 2016). As noted, Appellant’s sentence became final on December
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4
In Commonwealth v. Newman, 99 A.3d 86, 90 (Pa. Super. 2014) (en
banc), we explained that Alleyne will apply to cases pending on direct
appeal as of June 17, 2013.
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15, 2010. Alleyne was decided on June 17, 2013. Therefore, Appellant’s
PCRA petition does not qualify for the new constitutional right exception to
the PCRA time bar under Alleyne. Id.
Furthermore, the Hopkins decision did not announce a “new rule;” but
rather, it simply assessed the validity of Section 6317 under Alleyne and
concluded that particular mandatory minimum sentencing statute is
unconstitutional. Nevertheless, even if Hopkins announced a new rule,
neither our Supreme Court nor the United States Supreme Court has held
that Hopkins applies retroactively to postconviction petitioners such as
Appellant. As noted, Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final on
December 15, 2010, and Hopkins was not decided until June 15, 2015.
Consequently, to the extent Appellant attempts to rely on Hopkins, he has
not satisfied the time-bar exception of Section 9545(b)(1)(iii).
Appellant also contends that even if his petition was untimely filed, the
PCRA court and this Court “never relinquish jurisdiction to correct an illegal
sentence and always retains [sic] the power to do so.” Appellant’s Brief at
23 (emphasis in original). Our Court has provided the following explanation
in addressing an illegality of sentence claim in the context of an untimely
PCRA:
A court may entertain a challenge to the legality of the
sentence so long as the court has jurisdiction to hear the claim.
In the PCRA context, jurisdiction is tied to the filing of a timely
PCRA petition. . . . Although legality of sentence is always
subject to review within the PCRA, claims must still first satisfy
the PCRA’s time limits or one of the exceptions thereto.
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Commonwealth v. Fowler, 930 A.2d 586, 592 (Pa. Super. 2007) (internal
citations and quotation marks omitted). Because Appellant’s PCRA petition
is untimely and none of the time-bar exceptions applies, the PCRA court
lacked jurisdiction to address Appellant’s illegality of sentence claim.
Consequently, because the PCRA petition was untimely and no
exceptions apply, the PCRA court lacked jurisdiction to address the claims
presented and grant relief. See Commonwealth v. Fairiror, 809 A.2d
396, 398 (Pa. Super. 2002) (holding that PCRA court lacks jurisdiction to
hear untimely petition). Likewise, we lack the authority to address the
merits of any substantive claims raised in the PCRA petition. See
Commonwealth v. Bennett, 930 A.2d 1264, 1267 (Pa. 2007)
(“[J]urisdictional time limits go to a court’s right or competency to adjudicate
a controversy.”).
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 8/11/2016
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