Com. v. Kulp, J. ( 2015 )


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  • J-S21036-15
    NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,                    IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
    PENNSYLVANIA
    Appellee
    v.
    JOSEPH KULP, III,
    Appellant                   No. 2707 EDA 2014
    Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence July 28, 2014
    in the Court of Common Pleas of Carbon County
    Criminal Division at No.: CP-13-CR-0000750-2012;
    CP-13-CR-0000754-2012
    BEFORE: BOWES, J., JENKINS, J., and PLATT, J.*
    MEMORANDUM BY PLATT, J.:                                FILED APRIL 21, 2015
    Appellant, Joseph Kulp, III, appeals from the judgment of sentence
    imposed following a jury conviction of two counts each of indecent assault
    without consent and indecent assault of a person less than sixteen years of
    age, defendant at least four years older.1      Specifically, he challenges his
    classification as a sexually violent predator (SVP). We affirm on the basis of
    the trial court opinion.
    The charges in this matter arose from two separate incidents over one
    year with one minor victim. In its October 27, 2014 opinion, the trial court
    fully and correctly sets forth the relevant facts and procedural history of this
    ____________________________________________
    *
    Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
    1
    18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 3126(a)(1) and (8), respectively.
    J-S21036-15
    case. (See Trial Court Opinion, 10/27/14, at 1-6). Therefore, we have no
    need to restate them here.
    Appellant raises the following issues for our review:
    [1]. Whether the [t]rial [c]ourt erred by considering the
    [s]exual [o]ffender[] report provided by Mary E. Muscari as this
    report was provided well beyond the time limits afforded under
    42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9799.24?
    [2]. Whether the [t]rial [c]ourt erred in determining the
    Commonwealth’s evidence was sufficient to classify [Appellant]
    as a sexually violent predator?
    [3]. Whether the statutory language of Sex Offender
    Registration and Notification Act (“SORNA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §
    9799.10 et. seq, as it applies to [Appellant] is unconstitutionally
    vague and overbroad?
    (Appellant’s Brief, at 4).
    Appellant first challenges Dr. Muscari’s assessment as untimely under
    section 9799.24. Therefore, he raises a question of statutory construction.
    It is well-settled that “[b]ecause statutory interpretation is a question of law,
    our standard of review is de novo, and our scope of review is plenary.”
    Commonwealth v. Stotelmyer, 
    2015 WL 668038
    , at *3 (Pa. Feb. 17,
    2015).
    Appellant’s second claim raises “[q]uestions of evidentiary sufficiency[,
    which] present questions of law; thus, our standard of review is de novo and
    our scope of review is plenary. In conducting sufficiency review, we must
    consider the evidence in the light most favorable to the Commonwealth,
    -2-
    J-S21036-15
    which prevailed upon the issue at trial.”     Commonwealth v. Meals, 
    912 A.2d 213
    , 218 (Pa. 2006) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).
    In Appellant’s third issue, he challenges the constitutionality of a
    statute. Therefore, “[a]s the constitutionality of a statute is a pure question
    of law, our standard of review is de novo and our scope of review is
    plenary.”    Commonwealth v. Omar, 
    981 A.2d 179
    , 185 (Pa. 2009)
    (citation omitted).
    After a thorough review of the record, the briefs of the parties, the
    applicable law, and the well-reasoned opinion of the trial court, we conclude
    that there is no merit to Appellant’s first two issues and his third issue is
    waived. The trial court properly disposes of all of the questions presented.
    (See Trial Ct. Op., at 7-16) (finding: (1) consideration of late sexual
    offender report was proper where Appellant had the SOAB report over ten
    months      before    hearing   and   therefore   was   not   prejudiced;   (2)
    Commonwealth presented clear and convincing evidence sufficient to classify
    Appellant as SVP; and (3) Appellant’s third issue too vague for meaningful
    review).     We note that contrary to the trial court’s conclusion that
    Appellant’s third issue is meritless, a vague claim or argument that impedes
    review is waived.     See Commonwealth v. Hansley, 
    24 A.3d 410
    , 4151
    (Pa. Super. 2011), appeal denied, 
    32 A.3d 1275
    (Pa. 2011).        Accordingly,
    we affirm on the basis of the trial court’s opinion (except for the conclusion
    that Appellant’s third issue is meritless).
    Judgment of sentence affirmed.
    -3-
    J-S21036-15
    Judgment Entered.
    Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
    Prothonotary
    Date: 4/21/2015
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    IN THE COURT OF COMMON                             PLEAS OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
    CRIMINAL DIVISION
    COMMONWEALTH                OF PENNSYLVANIA
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    Michael S. Greek, Esquire                                                                                                   N
    Assistant District Attorney                                  Counsel   for the Commonwea.ilth
    Paul John Levy, Esquire                                           Counsel   for the Defendant
    MEMORANDUM    OPINION
    Serfass,         J.     -     October        27,     2014
    Defendant,                Joseph       J.    Kulp, III      (hereinafter    "Defendant"),
    has taken this appeal from the Order of Court entered                                                on July
    28,   2014,       classifying                Defendant       as a sexually violent                   predator.
    We file the following                            Memorandum         Opinion pursuant      to
    Pe nns y Lv an i a Rule of Appellate                            Procedure    1925 (a)   and recommend
    that the aforesaid                        Order of Court be affirmed               for the reasons
    set forth hereinafter.
    FACTUAL         AND PROCEDURAL      HISTORY
    On March             7,     2013, a jury of his peers found Defendant
    guilty of two                     (2)   counts of indecent              assault without        consent1                                          and
    two       (2)    counts of indecent                       assault    of a person    less than sixteen
    1
    
    18 Pa. C
    . S . A.       § 312 6 (a)   ( 1) .
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    years of age,            defendant        at least four years older.2   This Court
    issued an Order on May 30, 2013, directing Defendant to be
    assessed by the Sexual Offender Assessment Board (hereinafter
    "SOAB").        Defendant was assessed by the SOAB on August 24, 2013,
    and the subsequent report was issued on August 28, 2013. On
    August 30, 2013, counsel for the Commonwealth filed a "Praecipe
    to Schedule Hearing" to determine whether Defendant should be
    classified as a sexually violent predator. On September 4, 2013,
    this Court issued an order scheduling that hearing for October
    8, 2013.             Between the dates of October 7, -2013        and April 29,
    2014, Defendant filed seven (7)                    separate motions for
    continuance, all of which were unopposed by the Commonwealth and
    granted by this Court. Six (6) of those continuance motions were
    filed because Defendant sought to have his own sexual offender
    assessment prepared for submission at the classification
    hearing. Ultimately, Defendant elected not to submit a separate
    assessment and the hearing to determine whether he should be
    classified as a sexually violent predator was held on July 7,
    2014.       Following the hearing, Defendant's counsel was granted
    additional time within which to submit a brief concerning the
    classification of the defendant as a sexually violent predator.
    Defendant's counsel submitted his brief on July 24,                     2014.      Upon
    consideration           of the hearing testimony,         SOAB report and
    
    18 Pa. C
    .S.A.     § 3126(a)   (8).
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    Defendant's   brief, this Court issued an Order on July 28,             2014
    classifying   Defendant   as a sexually   violent predator.    Our Order
    of July 28,   2014 was accompanied   by a Determination     of Court
    which included   the following   Findings   of Fact and Conclusions            of
    Law:
    1.    The defendant has been convicted of two -(2) counts of
    indecent assault, which are sexually violent offenses as
    defined in 42 Pa. C.S.A. § 9791;
    2.    This case involves a single minor victim. The subject
    offenses against the victim, however, spanned a period of
    one (1) year and included two (2) instances of indecent
    assault on the victim;
    3.     The defendant did not exceed the force necessary to achieve
    the commission of the offenses. The defendant abused his
    relationship with the victim as an acquaintance and a
    member of her church;
    4.     The defendant   touched the victim's   buttocks   on two   (2)
    occasions;
    5.     The defendant was an acquaintance of the victim.  He used
    that relationship to exploit the trust of the victim and to
    gain access to her.  The victim was fourteen (14) years old
    at the time of the offense;
    6.     There was no indication of sadistic behavior      or unusual
    cruelty in connection with these offenses;
    7.     There is no evidence to indicate that the victims had any
    mental incapacities or physical disabilities; however, the
    victim's age did make her vulnerable and incapable of
    consenting to sexual activity;
    8.     The defendant has two (2) prior convictions for driving
    under the influence and one (1) prior conviction for
    indecent assault;
    9.     The defendant was incarcerated     for his prior conviction of
    indecent assault. That offense     took place at the same time
    period as the instant offense.     There is no evidence to
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    establish that the defendant has the ability to learn from
    his experience or see the presence of self-defeating
    behaviors;
    10.   The defendant has not participated in any type of treatment
    to date, including sex offender treatment;
    11.   The defendant was thirty-eight   (38) years old at the time
    of his offenses.   His age may be consistent with the
    criteria for a personality disorder, and his age and the
    age of the victim may be consistent with the criteria for
    paraphilic behavior;
    12.   The defendant used alcohol and started smoking marijuana
    during high school. Although the defendant has been
    convicted of DUI on two (2) occasions, he maintained that
    his alcohol use has not gotten him in trouble.    There is
    no evidence that he was abusing drugs or alcohol at the
    time of his offenses;
    13.    The defendant   fits the diagnostic   criteria    for paraphilia;
    14.    The defendant has a history of sexually assaulting two (2)
    minor females, ages 13 and 14. One of these victims was a
    stranger and the victim in this matter was an acquaintance;
    15.    The following facts are supportive in the Sexual Offenders
    Assessment that has been filed as criteria reasonably
    related to the risks of re-offending:
    a. The defendant has a deviant sexual
    interest in minor female .victims;
    b. The defendant meets the diagnostic
    criteria for paraphilia; and
    c. The defendant has been convicted of a
    prior act of indecent assault on a
    minor female.
    16.    The defendant meets the diagnostic criteria for a mental
    abnormality and a personality disorder; to wit, Paraphilia;
    17.    The defendant meets the following     criteria    for Paraphilia,
    and in the following ways:
    a. The defendant   suffers    from
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    paraphilia. The condition may first
    emerge following a crisis, but is a
    lifetime disorder;
    b. The defendant had ample opportunity
    to· control his impulses. He saw both
    victims from his car and could have
    driven away to control his urges.
    Defendant parked his vehicle and
    approached his victims. Defendant
    followed the victim of his prior
    offense when she tried to avoid him.
    In the instant action, Defendant
    offended the victim in the presence
    of another minor; and
    c. Acting   on these urges.
    18.   The defendant's   offenses   were motivated   by his disorders       or
    conditions;
    19.   Paraphilia   is a lifetime   disorder;
    20.   Paraphilia   over-rode the defendant's emotional and
    volitional   control, and he was not able to manage his
    offending;
    21.   The defendant has a sexually deviant pathway to offending.
    He has committed sexual offenses. Sexual deviance with a
    history of sexual offending increases the likelihood of re-
    offending;
    22.   The defendant's offenses were predatory in nature, in that
    he was an acquaintance of the victim. He promoted, and
    possibly established the relationship in order to support
    victimization;
    23.   The Court finds as credible the report of Mary E. Muscari,
    who completed the Sexual Offenders Assessment on behalf of
    the Sexual Offenders Assessment Board;
    24.   The defendant does suffer from a mental abnormality or
    personality disorder that makes him likely to engage in
    predatory sexually violent offenses; and
    25.   The defendant therefore is found to be a sexually       violent
    predator within the meaning of Megan's Law.
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    Also on July 28,        2014, we sentenced         the defendant         to an
    aggregate        term of imprisonment         in the Carbon County Correctional
    Facility        of not less than six         (6)    months nor more than twenty-
    four     (24)   months     less one   (1)    day followed by one          (1)   year of
    county probation.          On August 26,       2014, Defendant      filed a Notice
    of Appeal       of our sentencing        orders      to the Superior      Court of
    Pennsylvania.        Pursuant    to Pennsylvania         Rule of Appellate
    Procedure       1925(b),    this Court issued an Order on August                  26,
    2014,     directing      Defendant    to file of record       and serve         upon the
    undersigned,       a concise statement             of the matters   complained          of on
    appeal.     In compliance       with that Order, Defendant           filed and
    served his Concise          Statement       on September    16,   2014.
    ISSUES
    In his Concise Statement,             Defendant    raises the following
    issues on appeal:
    1.   The Trial Court erred by considering the Sexual Offender's
    report provided by Mary E. Muscari as this report was
    provided well beyond the time limits afforded under 42
    Pa.C.S.A. Section 9799.24  (a) and (d);
    2.   Trial Court erred in determining the Commonwealth's
    evidence was sufficient to classify Mr. Kulp a sexually
    violent predator; and
    3.   The statutory language of the Sexually Violent Predator
    Statute as it applies to Mr. Joseph Kulp is
    unconstitutionally vague and overbroad and as such is in
    violation   of Mr. Kulp's Pennsylvania and U.S.
    Constitutional    rights.
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    DISCUSSION
    A three-tiered           classification         system    for sexual      offenses        is
    set      forth at 42 Pa.           C.S.A.    section      9799.14 while       the period       of
    registration            for individuals        convicted      of these offenses           is set
    forth      at 42 Pa.C.S.A.           section 9799.15(a).            For those individuals
    convicted         of    any of the criminal         offenses        set forth in section
    9799.14(b) [Tier I offenses],                  a fifteen      (15)    year period       of
    registration            with the Pennsylvania             State Police is mandated.              For
    those      individuals       convicted        of any of the criminal              offenses
    listed in section            9799.14(c) [Tier II offenses],                  a twenty-five
    (25)     year period       of registration         is mandated.        And for those
    individuals            convicted     of any offense         listed in section
    9799.14(d)         [Tier    III offenses],        a lifetime         registration       is
    mandated.
    Individuals       convicted        of at least one sexually             violent
    offense         are to be assessed by the SOAB.                42 Pa.    C.S.A.      section
    9799.24(a).            Indecent assault        is a sexual         offense   requiring
    assessment        by the SOAB. 42 Pa.            C.S.A.      section 9799.14.         The
    assessment         is to include,           but not be limited to,           an examination
    of      the following       statutory        factors:
    1.    Facts of the current offense, including:
    a. Whether the offense involved multiple victims.
    b. Whether the individual exceeded the means
    necessary to achieve the offense.
    c. The nature of the sexual contact with the
    victim.
    d. Relationship of the individual to the victim.
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    e. Age of the victim.
    f. Whether the offense included a display of
    unusual cruelty by the individual during the
    commission of the crime.
    g. The mental capacity of the victim.
    2.      Prior offense history, including:
    a. The individual's prior criminal record.
    b. Whether the individual completed any prior
    sentences.
    c. Whether the individual participated in
    available programs for sexual offenders.
    3.     Characteristics of the individual, including:
    a. Age of the individual.
    b. Use of illegal drugs by the individual.
    c. Any mental illness, mental disability or mental
    abnormality.
    d. Behavioral characteristics that contribute to
    the individual's conduct.
    4.     Factors that are supported in a sexual offender
    assessment field as reasonably related to the
    risk of reoffense.
    Within ten    (10)    days of being convicted          of a sexually
    violent        offense,    a court shall issue an order for the convicted
    individual        to be assessed by the SOAB. 42 Pa.             C.S.A.       section
    9799.24(a).        The SOAB is given ninety          (90)    days from the date of
    an individual's           conviction   to submit a written           report     containing
    its assessment          to the district    attorney.        42 Pa.    C.S.A.      section
    9799.24    (d).    Upon the filing of a praecipe             by the district
    attorney,       the court must hold a hearing           to determine          whether      the
    individual        is a sexually violent      predator.        42 Pa.    C.S.A.       section
    9799.24(e)       (1).   At that hearing,    the individual           is given      the
    right to counsel,          the right to call and cross-examine                 witnesses,
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    and the right to be heard.            42 Pa.        C.S.A. section 9799.24 (e) (2).
    A "sexually violent predator"                is defined as "an         individual
    convicted     of an     [enumerated offense] ... who ... is determined                  to be
    a sexually      violent    predator    under        section     9799.24     (relating     to
    assessments)          due to a mental abnormality               or personality        disorder
    that makes the individual             likely to engage in predatory                   sexually
    violent     offenses."      42 Pa.    C.S.A.        section     9799.12.   A mental
    abnormality       is defined as "[a]            congenital       or acquired        condition
    of    a person    that affects       the emotional         or volitional        capacity         of
    the person       in a manner that predisposes                  that person    to the
    commission       of   criminal   sexual    acts to a degree that makes the
    person     a menace     to the health and safety of other persons."                        
    Id. Predatory is
    defined as "[a]n act directed                   at a stranger or         at a
    person     with whom a relationship             has been initiated,           established,
    maintained       or promoted,    in whole or in part, in order to
    facilitate       or support victimization."              
    Id. An individual
            who is
    determined       to be a sexually      violent         predator     must register        with
    the Pennsylvania         State Police for the life of the individual.                           42
    Pa.   C.S.A.     section 9799.lS(a)       (6)
    I.     Trial Court's Consideration               of Sexual Offender's           Report
    Defendant       argues that this Court erred in considering
    the written      report of the Sexual               Offender    Assessment     Board
    prepared    by Dr.      Mary E. Muscari         because    that report        was
    submitted      beyond    the time limits provided               under 42
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    Pa.C.S.A.      sections     9799.24(a)       and     (d).     While it is
    undisputed         that this Court entered            its Order requiring
    Defendant      to be assessed by the SOAB                   beyond    the ten    (10)
    day time      limit provided      by section          9799.24(a)3,       and that the
    SOAB provided its report beyond the ninety (90) day time
    limit provided by section 9799.24(d)4,                        neither section
    includes      a provision for the remedy or consequence of late
    filings.
    Defendant cannot demonstrate, and he does not attempt to
    argue,      that he has been prejudiced as a result of the timing of
    this     Court's     Order and the SOAB's late                filing.5 Prejudice
    "includes      any substantial diminution of defendant's                        ability to
    present factual information in the event of trial which has been
    brought about by plaintiff's                   delay."          American Bank & Trust Co.
    v. Ritter,             Todd & Haayen, 
    418 A.2d 408
    , 410 (Pa.        Super. 1980)
    Trial courts have broad discretion in considering procedural
    issues. Allison v. Merris,                   
    493 A.2d 738
    ,     740    (Pa. Super.      1985)
    Furthermore,             "[P]rocedural rules are not ends in [and of]
    themselves,             and .   . the rigid application of our rules                        does
    not always             serve the interests of fairness and justice." Womer
    3
    Defendant was convicted on March 7, 2013 an~ this Court issued its Order
    directing Defendant to be assessed by the SOAB on May 30, 2013.
    4
    The report was issued on August 28, 2013.
    5
    A total of nine (9) post-verdict motions for continuance were filed in this
    matter, all of which were filed by Defendant.  As described hereinabove,
    seven (7) of Defendant's continuance motions were filed after the SOAB issued
    its assessment. Clearly, prejudice resulting from a lack of timeliness was
    not an issue that was contemplated by, nor a concern of, the defendant.
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    v.     Hilliker,     
    908 A.2d 269
    ,    276   (Pa.      2006). Moreover,             it has been
    the policy         of the Superior Court             " ...      to overlook        ...     procedural
    errors     when a party has substantially                       complied with the
    I   II
    requirements         of the rule and no prejudice                      would result          .
    Commonwealth         v.    Laskaris,        
    561 A.2d 16
    ,    20    (Pa.    Super.      1989),
    quoting Feingold            v.     Southeastern      Pennsylvania             Transp.      Auth.,         
    517 A.2d 1270
    , 1272         (Pa.    1986).
    In the instant matter, Defendant's                       ability       to present          his
    case has not been adversely                   affected        by the late filings.
    Defendant     had the SOAB report for a period                          in excess of ten              (10)
    months prior to the sexual offender                          assessment        hearing.          At the
    hearing,     Defendant's            counsel    cross-examined            the Commonwealth's
    expert     and Defendant            was provided       the opportunity            to present              his
    own evidence.         Furthermore,           Defendant's         counsel was afforded                the
    opportunity        to submit a brief in support of his positions
    following     the hearing.            Thus, Defendant            has enjoyed       the full
    benefit     of the procedural               protections         afforded      to him, despite
    the late filings. Accordingly,                     Defendant          has not suffered            any
    prejudice     and,        therefore,        the late filings represent                   harmless
    errors that do not affect this Court's                           ability to classify
    Defendant     as a sexually            violent     predator.          This is particularly
    so given     that Defendant's               sentencing       proceeding        and sexual
    offender     assessment            hearing were continued              a total of nine              (9)
    times at the request                of Defendant's        counsel.
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    II.      The Conunonwealth's Evidence was Sufficient to Classify
    Defendant as a Sexually Violent Predator
    Defendant's            second     claim challenges        this    Court's
    determination            that he should be classified                as a sexually
    violent        predator.          Defendant     asserts      that the Commonwealth's
    evidence         was not sufficient             for such a classification.
    After      the SOAB        completes     the sexual offender
    assessment         and submits its report to the Commonwealth,                             the
    court     conducts            a hearing at which the Commonwealth               bears
    the     burden     of proving           by clear and convincing            evidence        that
    the defendant            should be designated              as a sexually      violent
    predator.         42    Pa.    C.S.A.     section     9799.24   (e) (3).    The standard
    of     clear    and convincing            evidence     means that the evidence
    offered        in support         of the sexually          violent. predator
    classification            must be so clear, direct, weighty,                   and
    convincing         that the fact-finder               may arrive     at a clear
    conclusion,            without     hesitation,        that   the sexually      violent
    classification            is proper.        Commonwealth        v. Meals,     
    912 A.2d 213
    ,     219     (Pa.    2006).
    The   task of the Superior              Court on appeal           of a trial court's
    classification            of    a defendant      as a sexually violent              predator      is
    one of review,            and not of weighing              and assessing      the evidence
    presented        at hearing.         
    Id. at 222.
        Further,     the appellate           court
    may not make            credibility        determinations.         Commonwealth       v.    Geiter,
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    929 A.2d 648
    ,         650 (Pa.      Super. 2007), appeal denied,                    
    940 A.2d 362
    (Pa.     2007).    Rather,       the appellate       court shall view all the
    evidence      and its reasonable            inferences      in a light most favorable
    to the Commonwealth.             Commonwealth        v.   Moody,     
    843 A.2d 402
    , 408
    (Pa.     Super. 2004), appeal denied,                882 477       (Pa.    2005).
    Expert    reports,      along with expert testimony,                 may constitute
    the substantive          evidence      to establish         the statutory
    prerequisites          for a sexually violent              predator        classification.
    
    Meals, 912 A.2d at 223
    .       There exists no statutory requirement
    that all of the assessment               factors       set forth at 42             Pa.     C.S.A.
    Section      9799.24     and listed hereinabove,              or any particular                     set of
    them,      must be present         in order to support a sexually                     violent
    predator      classification.         
    Meals, 912 A.2d at 220-223
    .              Instead,
    the presence         or absence of one or more factors may suggest                                  the
    presence      or absence of one or more particular                         types     of mental
    abnormalities.          
    Id. ·at 221.
    Thus, although          the SOAB must examine
    all     the factors      listed under Section              9799.24,        the Commonwealth
    is not      required     to show that any one factor is present,                            or
    absent,      in a particular         case.    
    Id. To establish
        that Defendant           should be classified                 as a
    sexually      violent     predator,     the Commonwealth             relied upon the
    assessment         report prepared      by Dr. Muscari,             a member       of      the
    SOAB,     together     with Dr.      Muscari's       testimony at the sexually
    violent     predator      determination        hearing.      The report and
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    testimony offered by Dr. Muscari             referred      to the factors
    specified     in 42 Pa.    C.S.A. section       9799.24     and provided        her
    analysis     and commentary as to how she evaluated               Defendant's
    background      information,     including     the facts· pertaining         to
    the present      offenses,    in light of each factor enumerated                  in
    the Sexually Violent         Predator    Statue.     Further,    counsel     for
    Defendant    had the report prior to the sexual offender
    assessment      hearing   and was offered       ample opportunity       to
    cross-examine      Dr. Muscari    at that hearing.
    Based upon her assessment          of Defendant,        Dr. Muscari
    determined      that Defendant    met the criteria          for paraphilia.
    Dr.   Muscari    concluded   that Defendant         engaged    in predatory
    behavior    and that his mental         abnormality       made it likely
    that he would re-offend.         Based upon her consideration              of
    the factors listed in Section            9799.24;     Dr. Muscari
    concluded    within a reasonable        degree of professional
    certainty    that Defendant      meets the criteria           to be
    classified      as a sexually violent        predator.
    Viewing     Dr. Muscari's    report     in the light most
    favorable    to the Commonwealth,         it is apparent        that there
    was clear and convincing         evidence     presented       at the hearing
    to support      the Court's classification          of Defendant      as a
    sexually    violent predator.      Accordingly,       Defendant's      claim
    of insufficiency      is without merit.
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    III.     Alleged    Unconstitutionality           of Statutory               Language
    Defendant's     final claim is that the statutory language
    of   the "Sexually       Violent     Predator    Statute"           is
    unconstitutionally          vague and overbroad             as applied            to
    Defendant      and is,     therefore,     in violation         of his rights
    under the Pennsylvania            and United     States Constitutions.
    If a concise      statement    is too vague as to allow the
    court to identify          the issues raised on appeal,                    such
    statement      is the functional        equivalent          of no concise
    statement      at all. Commonwealth        v.   Dowling,        
    778 A.2d 683
    ,
    686 (Pa.      Super. 2001).       If a reviewing        court must            "guess
    what issues an appellant            is appealing,"           then the
    appellant's      effort     "is not enough      for     meaningful            review."
    Commonwealth      v.    Butler,    
    756 A.2d 55
    ,        57    (Pa.        Super.       2000),
    citing      Giles v.    Douglass,    
    747 A.2d 1236
    , 1237               (Pa.     Super.
    2 000) .
    Defendant's       concise statement       neither        identifies                 any
    specific provision          of the "Sexually      Violent           Predator
    Statuteµ,      which we understand        to be a reference                 to the
    Registration      of Sexual Offender's          Act,        42 Pa.       C.S.A.
    section     9791 et.     seq.,    nor explains    how any section of that
    statute     is unconstitutionally         vague and overbroad                    as
    applied     to Defendant.        Accordingly,    this Court would                     be
    merely guessing         as to what statutory provisions                     the
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    Circulated 03/25/2015 09:46 AM
    defendant       is making reference.         Therefore,          given   the
    vagueness       of Defendant's       concise    statement         in this regard,
    this Court       cannot provide       a meaningful        review of
    Defendant's          third   and final claim. As a result, we deem
    this    claim    to be meritless.
    CONCLUSION
    For   the foregoing       reasons,     we respectfully           recommend                         that
    our    Order of      Court entered    on July 28,         2014     classifying
    Defendant       as   a sexually   violent      predator     be affirmed.
    BY THE COURT:
    LSL-~~
    Steven R. Serfa£s,              J.
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    OCT 2 8 20M