Estate of Paul S. Terry v. Cathedral Village ( 2017 )

J. A10001/17
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
ESTATE OF PAUL S. TERRY, JR., : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
DECEASED : PENNSYLVANIA
APPELLANT :
v. :
:
CATHEDRAL VILLAGE :
:
:
: No. 1826 EDA 2016
Appeal from the Order Entered January 11, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Civil Division at No(s): March Term, 2014, No. 820
BEFORE: DUBOW, J., SOLANO, J., and FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.
MEMORANDUM BY DUBOW, J.: FILED MAY 23, 2017
Appellant, the Estate of Paul S. Terry, Jr., appeals from the January
11, 2016 Order entered in the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas
granting the Motion for Summary Judgment filed by Cathedral Village
(“Appellee”) and dismissing Appellant’s Complaint with prejudice. After
careful review, we affirm.
The trial court set forth the facts and procedural history as follows:
On February 2, 2009, Paul S. Terry (“Decedent”) was
admitted to Cathedral Village as a resident of its continuing
care retirement community facility located at 600 E.
Cathedral Road in Philadelphia. He remained at Cathedral
Village until his death on March 7, 2012. On July 30,
2014, [Appellant] filed a [C]omplaint for one count of
negligence against [Appellee], alleging [that Appellee’s]
“negligent and careless evaluation, care, treatment,
service and supervision” led to Decedent’s death from
sepsis.
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On July 31, 2014, a case management conference was
held and a Case Management Order was issued. The
Order established October 5, 2015[,] as the discovery
deadline. The deadline for production of expert reports
was November 2, 2015. On October 15, 2015,
[Appellee’s] Motions to Compel Discovery and Compel
Depositions were granted as unopposed.
On December 1, 2015, [Appellee] filed a Motion for
Summary Judgment. On January 5, 2016, [Appellant] filed
a [R]esponse to [Appellee’s] Motion and included a
proposed [O]rder, which requested additional time for
[Appellant’s] expert report.
On January 11, 2016, the [c]ourt granted [Appellee’s]
Motion; [Appellant’s] Complaint and all claims against
[Appellee] were dismissed with prejudice.
On February 12, 2016, in accordance with his proposed
order, [Appellant] served [Appellee’s] counsel [with
Appellant’s] expert medical report. Due to an
administrative error, [Appellant] never received written
notice of the [c]ourt’s January 11, 2016 Order granting
[Appellee’s] Motion.
On June 3, 2016, [Appellant] filed a notice of appeal. On
June 7, 2016, the [c]ourt ordered [Appellant] to provide a
Concise Statement of Errors Complained of on Appeal
pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). [Appellant complied.]
Trial Ct. Op., 11/17/16, at 1-2 (citations omitted, paragraph breaks
inserted).
Appellant raises the following two issues on appeal:
1. Did the lower court fail to provide required notice of the
January 11, 2016 Order thereby denying Appellant the
opportunity to file a timely Notice of Appeal and in
violation of Appellant’s right of due process?
2. Did the lower court wrongfully grant [Appellee’s] Motion
for Summary Judgment where Appellant had provided
notice to [Appellee] and the court that an expert opinion
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was being tendered to support the Complaint and the
existence of material disputed facts?
Appellant’s Brief at 4.
In his first issue, Appellant complains that the trial court failed to
provide him with notice of the Order granting Appellee’s Motion for Summary
Judgment, thereby preventing him from filing a timely Notice of Appeal.
Appellant’s Brief at 13-18.
Our law is clear that “[t]he time for filing an appeal does not begin to
run until (1) the order has been entered upon the appropriate docket, and
(2) a notation appears in the docket that proper notice has been given
concerning the entry of the order." Jara v. Rexworks Inc., 718 A.2d 788,
791 (Pa. Super. 1998) (emphasis added). It does not matter whether the
parties had actual notice of the order nor does it matter when the parties
received actual notice. Vertical Resources, Inc. v. Bramlett, 837 A.2d
1193, 1199 (Pa. Super. 2003). The Rule 236 notice must be provided and
docketed before an order can be considered "entered." See Jara, 718 A.2d
at 791 (criticizing Allegheny County practice of failing to docket Rule 236
notice).
Our Supreme Court held as follows in Frazier v. City of
Philadelphia, 735 A.2d 113 (Pa. 1999):
Rule of Appellate Procedure 301(a) provides that "no order
of a court shall be appealable until it has been entered
upon the appropriate docket in the lower court." Further,
Rule of Appellate Procedure 108(b) designates the date of
entry of an order, for purposes of appeal, as follows:
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(b) Civil orders. The date of entry of an order in a
matter subject to the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil
Procedure shall be the day on which the clerk makes
the notation in the docket that notice of entry of the
order has been given as required by Pa.R.Civ.P.
236(b).
Pa.R.A.P. 108(b). . . . Rule of Civil Procedure 236(b)
describes the prothonotary's obligation to "note in the
docket the giving of the notice and, when a judgment by
confession is entered, the mailing of the required notice
and documents."
Thus, pursuant to the express terms of the rules, an order
is not appealable until it is entered on the docket with the
required notation that appropriate notice has been given.
That the parties may have received notice of the order
does not alter the formal date of its entry and the
associated commencement of the period allowed for appeal
for purposes of the rules. The procedural requirements
reflected in the rules serve to promote clarity, certainty
and ease of determination, so that an appellate court will
immediately know whether an appeal was perfected in a
timely manner, thus eliminating the need for a case-by
case factual determination.
Id. at 115 (citations omitted).
In the present case, the record does not indicate that the trial court
sent proper notice to Appellant pursuant to Rule 236. In fact, a Rule 236
Notice of the January 11, 2016 Order does not appear on the docket as of
this writing. Consistent with our holding in Vertical Resources, however,
we conclude that, because the Rule 236 Notice has not been sent, the
appeal period has not yet been triggered in this case. In the interest of
judicial economy, we regard as done that which ought to have been done
and proceed accordingly. See Vertical Resources, 837 A.2d at 1199
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(explaining that it is a waste of judicial resources to remand a matter for the
sole purpose of requiring that Rule 236 notice be provided to perfect a notice
of appeal). As required by Vertical Resources, we deem the present
appeal to have been timely filed from the trial court's order of January 11,
2016.
In his second issue, Appellant claims the trial court erred in granting
Appellee’s Motion for Summary Judgment because issues of material fact
remain and Appellant had requested an extension of time to submit an
expert opinion in support of his Complaint. Appellant’s Brief at 18-29.
Appellant further claims that the trial court erred in not granting the
requested extension until February 12, 2016.1 Id. at 18-19.
Pa.R.C.P. No. 1035.2 provides that a party may move for summary
judgment, after the relevant pleadings are closed, whenever there is no
genuine issue of any material fact as to a necessary element of the cause of
action or defense that could be established by additional discovery or an
expert report. See Pa.R.C.P. No. 1035.2(1)-(2).
Our standard of review of an Order granting summary judgment is
well-settled.
. . . [A]n appellate court may reverse a grant of summary
judgment if there has been an error of law or an abuse of
discretion. But the issue as to whether there are no
1
Appellant does not develop this specific sub-claim separately; thus, we will
not address it except to the extent that it impacts our review of the Order
granting summary judgment.
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genuine issues as to any material fact presents a question
of law, and therefore, on that question our standard of
review is de novo. This means we need not defer to the
determinations made by the lower tribunals. To the extent
that this Court must resolve a question of law, we shall
review the grant of summary judgment in the context of
the entire record.
Summers v. Certainteed Corp., 997 A.2d 1152, 1159 (Pa. 2010)
(citations and quotation omitted).
A trial court may grant summary judgment “only in those cases where
the record clearly demonstrates that there is no genuine issue of material
fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.”
Id. (citation and quotation omitted); see also Pa.R.C.P. No. 1035.2(1).
“When considering a motion for summary judgment, the trial court must
take all facts of record and reasonable inferences therefrom in a light most
favorable to the non-moving party.” Summers, supra at 1159 (citation
omitted). “In so doing, the trial court must resolve all doubts as to the
existence of a genuine issue of material fact against the moving party, and,
thus, may only grant summary judgment where the right to such judgment
is clear and free from all doubt.” Id. (citation and internal quotation marks
omitted).
For purposes of deciding a Motion for Summary Judgment, the record
includes the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, admissions,
and affidavits. Bailets v. Pennsylvania Tpk. Comm’n, 123 A.3d 300, 301
(Pa. 2015) (citing Pa.R.C.P. No. 1035.1(1), (2)). “Where the non-moving
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party bears the burden of proof on an issue, he may not merely rely on his
pleadings or answers in order to survive summary judgment.” Truax v.
Roulhac, 126 A.3d 991, 997 (Pa. Super. 2015), appeal denied, 129 A.3d
1244 (Pa. 2015) (citation and quotation omitted). “Further, failure of a non-
moving party to adduce sufficient evidence on an issue essential to his case
and on which he bears the burden of proof establishes the entitlement of the
moving party to judgment as a matter of law.” Id. (citation and internal
quotation marks omitted). “If there is evidence that would allow a fact-
finder to render a verdict in favor of the non-moving party, then summary
judgment should be denied.” Id. (citation and quotation omitted).
In order to prove medical malpractice, Pennsylvania law requires a
plaintiff in a medical negligence action to produce expert testimony
regarding duty, standard of care, breach of duty, causation, and damages.
Grossman v. Barke, 868 A.2d 561, 566 (Pa. Super. 2005). Pa.R.C.P. No.
4003.5(c) states that “the direct testimony of [plaintiff’s] expert at the trial
may not be inconsistent with or go beyond the fair scope of the [expert’s
report].” Pa.R.C.P. No. 4003.5(c); see also Stalsitz v. Allentown Hosp.,
814 A.2d 766, 770 (Pa. Super. 2002). A medical malpractice plaintiff is
relieved of his burden to provide a medical expert who will testify only if he
can prove “that he has been injured by a casualty of a sort that normally
would not have occurred in the absence of the defendant's negligence.”
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Quinby v. Plumsteadville Family Practice, Inc., 907 A.2d 1061, 1071
(Pa. 2006).
On July 31, 2014, the trial court issued a Case Management Order
establishing November 2, 2015, as the deadline for production of expert
reports. Appellant does not dispute that he failed to comply with this
production deadline, and did not request an extension of time to comply
until more than two months later, when responding to Appellee’s Motion for
Summary Judgment. Appellant concedes that he did not actually provide
Appellee with an expert report for another month—on February 12, 2016—
after the court had already granted summary judgment.
The instant matter arises from Appellant’s allegations that Appellee
improperly provided skilled medical and nursing services. As such, Appellant
was required to provide expert testimony regarding duty, standard of care,
breach of duty, causation, and damages. Because Appellant failed to timely
produce an expert report, he is unable to make out a prima facie case of
medical negligence and there are no genuine issues of material fact as to
any of the elements necessary to establish a prima facie claim of medical
negligence.
Moreover, because a medical negligence plaintiff’s expert witness may
only testify at trial to matters within the scope of her report, and Appellant
did not timely produce an expert report or timely petition the court for an
extension of time to produce an expert report, the trial court correctly
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concluded that Appellant would be precluded from “calling any expert at trial
to testify as to any claims” against Appellee. Trial Ct. Op. at 6. Accordingly,
the trial court did not err in granting Appellee’s Motion for Summary
Judgment.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/23/2017
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