JAMP Development v. New Beginnings Church ( 2022 )


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  • J-A17008-22
    NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
    JAMP DEVELOPMENT, LLC                      :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
    :        PENNSYLVANIA
    Appellant               :
    :
    :
    v.                             :
    :
    :
    NEW BEGINNINGS CHURCH OF                   :   No. 67 EDA 2022
    BUCKS COUNTY ANGELY ASSET                  :
    MANAGEMENT COMPANY D/B/A                   :
    RE/MAX CENTRE REALTORS, AND                :
    HERMAN PETRECCA                            :
    Appeal from the Judgment Entered December 8, 2021
    In the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County Civil Division at No(s):
    2017-04171
    BEFORE:      PANELLA, P.J., NICHOLS, J., and COLINS, J.*
    MEMORANDUM BY PANELLA, P.J.:                         FILED NOVEMBER 9, 2022
    This case involves the failed sale of a vacant parcel of land owned by
    New Beginnings Church of Bucks County to JAMP Development, LLC. After
    careful review, we affirm.
    New Beginnings purchased the property in 2005 for $359,000.00. In
    2010, the church listed the property for $499,000.00. The price was lowered
    multiple times, yet New Beginnings did not receive any offers. In 2015, New
    Beginnings signed a listing contract with Herman Petrecca and lowered the
    asking price to $249,000.00. On December 30, 2015, JAMP, a land developer,
    ____________________________________________
    *   Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
    J-A17008-22
    and New Beginnings signed an Agreement of Sale, which expressed that JAMP
    would purchase the property for $170,000.00 subject to three contingencies.
    Petrecca acted as dual agent, representing both New Beginnings and JAMP.
    The Agreement of Sale contained a settlement date of October 1, 2016, and
    JAMP presented $10,000.00 as a deposit.
    The parties failed to proceed to closing the purchase by the closing date
    of October 1, 2016. JAMP attempted to close following the agreed upon date,
    but New Beginnings declined to close on the sale, indicating that the
    settlement date had passed.
    On June 26, 2017, JAMP initiated this action with the filing of a complaint
    raising claims of specific performance, breach of contract, and unjust
    enrichment. New Beginnings filed its Answer, New Matter, Counterclaim and
    Cross-Claim, joining additional defendants.1 All parties filed motions for
    summary judgment, which the trial court denied.
    The case proceeded to a nonjury trial on November 1, 2021. During the
    trial, New Beginnings and the additional defendants reached a settlement. At
    the conclusion of trial, the court entered a verdict in favor of New Beginnings.
    Specifically, the trial court ruled that the Agreement of Sale was unambiguous
    regarding the closing date being set for October 1, 2016. Further, the trial
    ____________________________________________
    1New Beginnings joined Angely Asset Management Company d/b/a RE/MAX
    Centre Realtors and Petrecca as additional defendants.
    -2-
    J-A17008-22
    court determined that JAMP failed to tender settlement on or before the
    October 1, 2016 settlement date and declined to order specific performance.
    JAMP filed timely post-trial motions, which the trial court denied. New
    Beginnings then filed a praecipe to enter judgment. This timely appeal by
    JAMP followed. Both JAMP and the trial court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
    JAMP first argues that the trial court erred in determining the Agreement
    of Sale was unambiguous. JAMP asserts that paragraphs 4 and 29(B) are in
    conflict as to the dates of settlement, creating an ambiguity. In addition, JAMP
    argues that the trial court should have ordered specific performance because
    New Beginnings prevented JAMP from closing on the property by October 1,
    2016.
    “[W]e review the trial court’s nonjury verdict to determine if the trial
    court’s findings are supported by the evidence or whether the trial court
    committed legal error.” Palmieri v. Partridge, 
    853 A.2d 1076
    , 1078 (Pa.
    Super. 2004) (citation omitted). Because the issues concern the interpretation
    of a contract, which is a question of law, our standard of review of the sales
    agreement is de novo. See 
    id.
     (citation omitted).
    A fundamental rule in construing a contract is to ascertain and give
    effect to the intent of the contracting parties. See Kmart of Pennsylvania,
    L.P. v. MD Mall Associates, LLC, 
    959 A.2d 939
    , 943 (Pa. Super. 2008). The
    intent of the parties in a written contract is contained within the writing itself.
    -3-
    J-A17008-22
    See 
    id. at 944
    . When the contract is clear and unambiguous, the meaning of
    the contract is ascertained from the writing alone. See 
    id.
     Moreover,
    [i]t is well-settled that clauses in a contract should not be read as
    independent agreements thrown together without consideration
    of their combined effects. Terms in one section of the contract,
    therefore, should never be interpreted in a manner which nullifies
    other terms in the same agreement. Furthermore, the specific
    controls the general when interpreting a contract.
    Southwestern Energy Production Co. v. Forest Resources, LLC, 
    83 A.3d 177
    , 187 (Pa. Super. 2013) (quoting Trombetta v. Raymond James
    Financial Services, Inc., 
    907 A.2d 550
    , 560 (Pa. Super. 2006)).
    In addition, an action for specific performance sounds in equity. See
    Lackner v. Glosser, 
    892 A.2d 21
    , 31 (Pa. Super. 2006). Our standard of
    review over an equitable matter requires a determination as to whether an
    error of law or abuse of discretion has been committed. See Southall v.
    Humbert, 
    685 A.2d 574
    , 576 (Pa. Super. 1996). Our scope of review is limited
    in that it does not allow us to disturb an equitable determination unless it is
    unsupported by the evidence or is demonstrably capricious. See 
    id.
     Our
    review of a final equity decree is very narrow. See Yarnall v. Almy, 
    703 A.2d 535
    , 536 (Pa. Super. 1997).
    We explained in American Leasing v. Morrison Co., 
    454 A.2d 555
    (Pa. Super. 1982), the well-established principle under the Statute of Frauds
    that “the terms purporting to convey an interest in land must be manifest in
    writing, in order to make the contract enforceable. The property must be
    adequately described, the consideration must be set forth, and the agreement
    -4-
    J-A17008-22
    must be signed by the party to be charged.” 
    Id. at 557-558
     (citation omitted).
    See also, 33 P.S. § 1.2 The fundamental purpose of the Statute of Frauds is
    to prevent assertions of verbal understandings that are contrary to the written
    agreement, thereby obviating the opportunity for fraud and perjury. See
    Fannin v. Cratty, 
    480 A.2d 1056
    , 1058 (Pa. Super. 1984). Even so,
    Pennsylvania has adopted the principle that “every contract imposes upon
    each party a duty of good faith and fair dealing in its performance and its
    enforcement.” John B. Conomos, Inc. v. Sun Co., 
    831 A.2d 696
    , 706 (Pa.
    Super. 2003).
    We observe that JAMP’s request of specific performance seeks a form of
    equitable relief that is largely entrusted to the discretion of the trial court:
    [s]pecific performance compels the surrender of a thing in itself,
    because that thing is unique and cannot by its nature be
    duplicated. The value of the object sought transcends money
    because it has no peer of location, antiquity, artistry or skill. Thus,
    when two persons want only what one can have, only the clearest
    right can prevail, and it cannot be decided by reasons other than
    the most careful discrimination of long precedent and careful
    scrutiny of the equities arising from the facts. A Chancellor must
    at last be relied upon to perceive them, and if the facts can support
    his decision, we are bound to follow it.
    Cimina v. Bronich, 
    537 A.2d 1355
    , 1357-1358 (Pa. 1988) (citations
    omitted).
    ____________________________________________
    2 The Statute of Frauds provides, in pertinent part, that no estates or interests
    in land “shall ... be assigned, granted or surrendered, unless it be by deed or
    note, in writing, signed by the party so assigning, granting or surrendering
    the same, or their agents, thereto lawfully authorized by writing[.]” 33 P.S. §
    1.
    -5-
    J-A17008-22
    Our Supreme Court has long explained that if an agreement of sale
    provides that time is of the essence, the agreement will not be specifically
    enforced in equity unless the buyer tenders performance on or before the
    settlement date. See Phaff v. Gerner, 
    303 A.2d 826
    , 831 (Pa. 1973).
    Further, regarding allegations that a seller cannot convey title, “the way to
    ascertain whether [a party] could [convey title] was to make a tender on or
    before the day named, and, this not having been done, the court could not
    decree specific performance.” McKuen v. Serody, 
    112 A. 460
    , 461 (Pa. 1921)
    (citation omitted).
    We have reviewed the briefs of the parties, the relevant law, the certified
    record, and the thorough opinion authored by the Honorable James M.
    McMaster of the Court of Common Pleas of Bucks County, dated January 1,
    2022. We conclude that Judge McMaster’s opinion adequately and accurately
    addresses JAMP’s issues.
    Regarding JAMP’s first claim that the trial court erred in determining the
    Agreement of Sale was unambiguous because paragraphs 4 and 29(B) are in
    conflict as to the date of settlement, we agree with the trial court’s
    determination that the contract is not ambiguous. Time being of the essence,
    Paragraph 4(A) sets the specific date for settlement on October 1, 2016, or
    before, and Paragraph 5(D) explains that the settlement date is not extended
    by any other provision of the Agreement of Sale, unless done so by mutual
    agreement of the parties. Therefore, the contingencies in Paragraph 29(B) did
    -6-
    J-A17008-22
    not create a new timeline for settlement but set forth the requirements that
    needed to be fulfilled prior to the October 1, 2016 settlement date.
    Accordingly, we adopt as our own the trial court’s cogent discussion on this
    issue. See Trial Court Opinion, 1/11/22, at 5-7.
    We likewise find no merit to JAMP’s claim that the trial court should have
    ordered specific performance because New Beginnings allegedly prevented
    JAMP from closing on the purchase by October 1, 2016. As the trial court aptly
    explained, the record is devoid of evidence that JAMP tendered payment on
    or before the settlement date. See Trial Court Opinion, 1/11/22, at 8. As such,
    the trial court did not commit any error in determining that JAMP was not
    entitled to specific performance, and we agree with the court’s decision to
    award JAMP the return of its initial $10,000.00 deposit money.
    Accordingly, we discern no error in the trial court rendering a verdict in
    favor of New Beginnings. We therefore affirm the judgment.
    Judgment affirmed.
    Judgment Entered.
    Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
    Prothonotary
    Date: 11/09/2022
    -7-
    e
    ted 10/27/2022 10:00 AM
    IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF BUCKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
    CIVIL DIVISION
    DAMP DEVELOPMENT, LLC                             NO. 2017-04171
    Plaintiff,
    vs.
    NEW BEGINNINGS CHURCH OF
    BUCKS COUNTY,
    Defendant,
    ANGELY ASSET MANAGEMENT
    COMPANY, d/b/a RE/MAX CENTRE
    REALORS, and HERMAN PETRECCA,
    Additional Defendants.
    OPINION
    This is an appeal by JAMP Development, LLC (hereinafter "DAMP") of a
    judgment entered on December 8, 2021 after an Order entered in this matter on
    November 22, 2021, denying JAMP's Motion for Post-Trial Relief. This Opinion is
    filed pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(a) in support of
    this Court's Order.
    BACKGROUND
    On December 30, 2015, JAMP and New Beginnings Church of Bucks
    County (hereinafter " New Beginnings") entered into a written agreement for the
    sale of real property (hereinafter "Agreement of Sale") located at 1427 Almshouse
    Road, Jamison, Bucks County, Pennsylvania (hereinafter "Property") for a
    purchase price of $ 170,000.00 (one-hundred seventy thousand dollars). See
    generally Complaint Ex. A. The Agreement of Sale was executed by DAMP, as
    buyer, and New Beginnings, as seller. JAMP agreed to pay a deposit of $ 10,000
    (ten thousand dollars) within five (5) days of execution of the Agreement of Sale.
    Id. at 2. Herman Petrecca (hereinafter "Petrecca") is a licensed real estate sales
    agent who acted as a dual agent for JAMP and New Beginnings. Id. at 1. Angely
    Asset   Management Company d/b/a Re/Max Centre              Realtors (hereinafter
    1
    "Angely") is the broker for Petrecca. N.T. 1 at 125-126.
    By this Agreement of Sale, per Paragraph 4(A), the settlement date for the
    Property was " October 1, 2016, or before if buyer and seller agree." Complaint
    Ex. A. at T4(A). Paragraph 5(B) of the Agreement of Sale clarifies, "[t]he settlement
    date and all other dates and times identified for the performance of any
    obligations of this Agreement are of the essence and are binding." Id. at ¶ 5(B).
    Further, Paragraph 5(D) of the Agreement of Sale conditions, "[tlhe settlement
    date is not extended by any other provision of this Agreement and may only be
    extended by mutual written agreement of the parties." Id. at ¶5(D). The
    Agreement of Sale was subject to three (3) contingencies agreed upon by DAMP
    and New Beginnings. N.T. at 66. These contingencies were outlined by Paragraph
    29(B).
    The parties failed to proceed to settlement by the written and agreed upon
    date of October 1, 2016. On June 26, 2017, DAMP filed a Civil Complaint with
    this Court, raising claims of specific performance (Count I), breach of contract
    (Count II), and unjust enrichment (Count III) against New Beginnings. New
    Beginnings thereafter filed an Answer, New Matter, Counterclaim for Breach of
    Contract as to DAMP, and Crossclaim against Petrecca and Angely as additional
    Defendants. Years of litigation and a multitude of filings ensued. On April 1,
    2021, DAMP filed aMotion for Summary Judgment. 2 Days later, on April 7, 2021,
    additional Defendants        Petrecca and Angely filed           a Motion      for Summary
    Judgment. Both JAMP's and the additional Defendants' Motions were denied by
    this Court on June 10, 2021. New Beginnings filed a Motion for Summary
    Judgment on May 24, 2021, which was also denied by this Court on August 2,
    2021.
    On November 1, 2021, a bench trial was held before the undersigned and
    a verdict was entered in favor of New Beginnings. This Court held that the
    1 All references to Notes of Testimony ("N.T.") are to testimony taken on November 1, 2021, at a
    bench trial held before the undersigned.
    2 JAMP filed another Motion for Summary Judgment on April 15, 2021, which was identical to
    its April 1, 2021 Motion for Summary Judgment.
    2
    Agreement of Sale was unambiguous and expired on the written settlement date
    of October 1, 2016. N.T. at 242-243. It was found New Beginnings was under no
    obligation to sell the Property as there was no tender of settlement by DAMP prior
    to October 1, 2016. Id. Further, this Court found, because New Beginnings is no
    longer willing to settle, and thus the Agreement of Sale has failed, JAMP is
    entitled to a return of its $ 10,000 (ten thousand dollar) deposit. Id.
    Thereafter, JAMP filed aMotion for Post-Trial Relief on November 12, 2021.
    JAMP requested the verdict in favor of New Beginnings be set aside and judgment
    entered in favor of JAMP. The Motion for Post-Trial Relief was denied by this
    Court on November 22, 2021.
    STATEMENT OF MATTERS COMPLAINED OF ON APPEAL
    On December 20, 2021, JAMP filed a Notice of Appeal of this Court's
    November 22, 2021 Order denying its Motion for Post-Trial Relief. Subsequently,
    on December 6, 2021, this Court issued a 1925(b) Order to JAMP, providing it
    was to submit a Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal within twenty-
    one (21) days of the date of the Order. JAMP timely filed its Statement of Matters
    Complained of on Appeal on December 23, 2021, and it is stated below, verbatim:
    1. Whether this Court committed reversible error by holding that the
    Agreement of Sale was unambiguous and set a definitive closing date
    of October 1, 2016, where: (a) this Court interpreted Paragraph 4 in a
    vacuum at trial without regard to Paragraph 29(B)---which is in conflict
    with Paragraph 4; (b) Appellee/Defendant New Beginnings Church of
    Bucks County ("New Beginnings") asserted in a verified pleading one
    month before trial that the Agreement of Sale was " ambiguous and
    unclear," (c) New Beginnings' current pastor, Ben Rivera, testified at
    trial that nothing had changed since the filing of the pleading to alter
    New Beginnings' reading of the Agreement of Sale; (d) Robert Novak
    testified that Ben Rivera's representation to this Court was truthful; (e)
    defense counsel conceded during his closing argument that the
    Agreement of Sale was ambiguous; (f) because the two provisions
    cannot be read in harmony with one another, the Agreement of Sale is
    ambiguous, necessitating consideration of parol evidence; (g) Herman
    Petrecca, John Piotrowski, and Matthew Piotrowski all testified during
    trial that Paragraph 29(B) of the Agreement of Sale established the
    closing date for the transaction and that the date in Paragraph 4 was
    simply a target date, and New Beginnings did not offer any competent
    3
    evidence to refute this testimony; (h) the parties' undisputed intent is
    reinforced by the terms and structure of the Agreement of sale; (i)
    construing the Agreement of Sale as setting a definitive closing date of
    October 1, 2016 requires re-writing the Agreement and adding the
    following bolded and italicized language to Paragraph 29(B):
    "Settlement in 30 days after township approval is granted and/or the
    current site contractor using the lot vacates the lot and buyer approves
    conditions, so long as one or both conditions occur on or before
    October 1, 2016"—which conflicts with settled principles of contract
    interpretation; 0) such an interpretation also leads to an absurd result,
    because it mandates closing by October 1, 2016 regardless of whether
    the contingencies in Paragraph 29(B) have been satisfied, thereby
    rendering those contingencies meaningless and transforming this into
    a non-contingent sale; and (k) this Court's interpretation of the
    Agreement of Sale at trial violates the "law of the case" doctrine,
    because President Judge Bateman necessarily found that the
    Agreement of Sale was ambiguous and that there were factual issues
    that needed to be resolved at trial, when he denied New Beginnings'
    Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment earlier in this litigation?
    2. Whether, in the alternative, this Court committed reversible error by
    refusing to order specific performance of the Agreement of Sale and
    rendering averdict in favor of New Beginnings and against JAMP where:
    (a) it is fundamental that a buyer's obligation to tender by a fixed date
    is excused where the seller is not ready to settle by that date, see e.g.,
    Michael and Linda, LLC v. Smith, 
    216 A.3d 262
     ( Pa. Super. Ct. 2019);
    (b) New Beginnings could not convey good and marketable title on
    October 1, 2016 because Herman Petrecca and Robert Novak both
    testified New Beginnings never provided the title company with the
    necessary documents to execute closing, thereby rendering any tender
    by JAMP futile; (c) New Beginnings also never performed its contractual
    obligation to remove the existing stone base; (d) the Agreement of Sale
    remained in full force and effect, because Paragraph 18(D) gave JAMP
    the sole discretion to terminate the Agreement and John Piotrowski and
    Matthew Piotrowski both testified that JAMP never terminated the
    contract; and (e) specific performance is the only appropriate remedy,
    because New Beginnings clearly violated the Agreement of Sale when
    they refused to convey the Property, its refusal left JAMP without an
    adequate remedy at law, and it would be inequitable to deny JAMP
    specific performance under the circumstances?
    JAMP's Concise Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal, pp. 1-2.
    4
    DISCUSSION
    Under Pennsylvania law, when appellants raise an " outrageous" number
    of issues in their Pa. R.C.P. 1925(b) statement, they deliberately circumvent the
    meaning and purpose of Rule 1925(b) and, thereby, effectively preclude appellate
    review of the issues they seek to raise. Jones v. Jones, 
    878 A.2d 86
    , ( Pa. Super.
    2005). Here, DAMP has only raised two issues in its Statement of Matters
    Complained of on Appeal, however, the first Issue has eleven subsections, A
    through K, and the second Issue has five subsections, A through E. Throughout
    these subsections, DAMP makes numerous irrelevant arguments as this matter
    is one of contract interpretation, left to the discretion of the Court. While this
    Court is of the opinion that the sheer number of irrelevant subsections raised
    under these Issues effectively precludes appellate review, the Court addresses
    the substance of these Issues in this Opinion and asserts its position generally.
    A.    This Court did not err in finding the Agreement of Sale is unambiguous
    and that there was a definitive closing date of October           1, 2016.   Under
    Pennsylvania law, "the cardinal rule of contract construction is that the intent
    of the parties at the time they contracted is controlling. The intent of the
    contracting parties is exclusively determined from the written instrument if its
    words are `clear and unambiguous'." Spatz v. Nascone, 
    424 A.2d 929
    , 937 (Pa.
    Super.    1981). "Where the words of a contract in writing are clear and
    unambiguous, its meaning is to be ascertained in accordance with its plainly
    expressed intent." Atlantic Refining Co. v. Wyoming Nat'l Bank, 
    51 A.2d 719
     (Pa.
    1947). A contract is unambiguous "if the court can determine its meaning
    without any guide other than aknowledge of the simple facts on which, from the
    nature of the language in general, its meaning depends; and a contract is not
    rendered ambiguous by the mere fact that the parties do not agree on the proper
    construction." Samuel Rappaport Family Partnership v. Meridian Bank, 
    657 A.2d 17
    , 22 (Pa. Super. 1995)(citing Z & L Lumber Co.   of Atlasburg   v. Nordquist, 
    502 A.2d 697
     ( Pa. Super. 1985)).
    5
    The   present   matter   is   one   of pure   contract     interpretation.   DAMP
    continually relied on its assertion that Paragraph 29(B) reading, in relevant part,
    "[s]ettlement in 30 days after township approval is granted and/or the current
    site contractor using the lot vacates the lot and buyer approves conditions,"
    reflects a modification of the settlement date set by Paragraph 4(A). Complaint
    Ex. A. at ¶ 29(B). However, this Court found that the controlling paragraph in the
    Agreement of Sale is paragraph 4(A) which clearly states, "[s]ettlement date is
    October 1, 2016, or before if Buyer and Seller agree." Id. at ¶ 4(A). Further,
    Paragraph 5, specifically Paragraph 5(D), makes it clear that there is no
    ambiguity by clarifying, "[t]he settlement date is not extended by any other
    provision of   this Agreement and may only be extended by mutual written
    agreement of the parties" (emphasis added). Id. at ¶ 5(D); see also N.T. at 242. It
    is explicitly written that the settlement date was October 1, 2016, and was not
    to be extended by any other provision of the Agreement of Sale. Thus, Paragraph
    29(B) does not warrant an exception to Paragraph 4(A). Had the contingencies
    been fulfilled earlier than October 1, 2016, then settlement would have taken
    place thirty (30) days after township approval was granted and/or the site
    contractor vacated the lot and DAMP approved conditions. However, as written,
    the contingencies in Paragraph 29(B) had to have been fulfilled prior to October
    1, 2016, as the settlement date was not to be extended.
    Further, JAMP asserts numerous arguments that the parties themselves
    found the Agreement of Sale to be "ambiguous and unclear;" however, as
    previously stated, a contract is not rendered ambiguous simply because the
    parties disagree. See Samuel Rappaport Family Partnership v. Meridian Bank,
    
    657 A.2d 17
    , 22 (Pa. Super. 1995). DAMP and New Beginnings executed the
    Agreement of Sale with a settlement date, of October 1, 2016, stated in plain
    language. Per Paragraph 5(B), the October 1, 2016 settlement date was "of the
    essence" and "binding." Complaint Ex. A. at ¶5(B). Again, the only exception to
    this date was clearly set forth by Paragraph 5(D) stating, '[t]he settlement date
    is not extended by any other provision of this Agreement and may only be
    extended by mutual written agreement           of the parties'   (
    emphasis added). 
    Id.
    6
    at ¶ 5(D). JAMP argues the Court's interpretation of the Agreement of Sale "leads
    to an absurd result" while failing to recognize that they executed and signed the
    Agreement of Sale to be interpreted this way. See JAMP's Concise Statement of
    Matters Complained at 16). Had the parties noted the existence of Paragraph
    5(D) and intended the settlement date to be dependent on contingencies within
    Paragraph 29(B), they had the authority to modify the date and "re-write" their
    own agreement through a mutual written addendum. Id. at 1(i). Because there
    was no mutual written agreement extending the settlement date, it at all times
    remained October 1, 2016.
    It is for the trial court to decide whether, as a matter of law, written
    contract terms are clear or ambiguous. Samuel Rappaport Family Partnership v.
    Meridian Bank, 
    657 A.2d 17
    , 22 (Pa. Super. 1995). The Court must look at the
    written word of the Agreement of Sale, not the subjective intent the parties may
    have had that failed to be evidenced by the writing. This Court found the
    provisions of the Agreement of Sale, read together in harmony, are unambiguous
    and clear as it could determine the meaning from the nature of the language in
    general, without any other guide. According to its plainly expressed intent, the
    settlement date was October 1, 2016, and was not extended by any other
    provision of the Agreement of Sale nor did a mutual writing extending the
    settlement date exist. Thus, the Agreement of Sale expired on this date of October
    1, 2016.
    Additionally, DAMP argues consideration of parol evidence was necessary.
    Under Pennsylvania law, parol evidence is only admissible where the language
    of a written agreement is ambiguous on its face, to explain the agreement and
    resolve ambiguities to ascertain the meaning of the parties. Baney v. Eoute, 
    784 A.2d 132
    , 136 (Pa. Super. 2001). Again, because the Agreement of Sale was
    found to be unambiguous, at the discretion of this Court, parol evidence cannot
    be introduced.
    B.    This Court did not err because specific performance of the Agreement of
    7
    Sale was not ordered. Under Pennsylvania law, a decree of specific performance
    will be granted only if a plaintiff clearly is entitled to such relief, there is no
    adequate remedy at law, and the trial court believes that justice requires such a
    decree. Oliver v. Ball, 
    136 A.3d 162
     (Pa. Super. 2016). An action for damages is
    an inadequate remedy when there is no method by which the amount of damages
    can be accurately computed or ascertained.         Strank v.   Merch Hospital      of
    Johnstown, 
    117 A.2d 697
     (Pa. 1955).
    This Court determined that the Agreement of Sale between the parties
    expired on October 1, 2016, as the parties failed to close by the settlement date.
    Further, because there was no tender of settlement by DAMP, as buyer, prior to
    this date of October 1, 2016, New Beginnings, as seller, was not obligated to sell
    the Property. N.T. at 242-243. New Beginnings is no longer willing to settle, and
    so this Court found JAMP is entitled to a return of its $ 10,000 (ten thousand
    dollar) deposit. 
    Id.
     Therefore, the amount of damages, $ 10,000 (ten thousand
    dollars), was accurately computed and the return of the deposit is an adequate
    remedy at law. Because JAMP was granted an adequate remedy of its damages,
    it would be improper for this Court to grant a decree of specific performance.
    CONCLUSION
    For the reasons stated above, JAMP's appeal should be quashed or denied.
    BYATHE COURT:
    DATE                                              YMES M. M MA TER            J.
    N.B. It      ,-ponsibility
    to notir,       ,ted parties
    of         action.
    8