Com. v. Butler, S. ( 2022 )

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
SUKORI L. BUTLER :
:
Appellant : No. 755 MDA 2021
Appeal from the Order Entered May 20, 2021
In the Court of Common Pleas of Schuylkill County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-54-CR-0001337-2019
BEFORE: BOWES, J., NICHOLS, J., and McCAFFERY, J.
MEMORANDUM BY BOWES, J.: FILED: APRIL 13, 2022
Sukori L. Butler appeals from the May 20, 2021 order denying his
petition to be found eligible for the Recidivism Risk Reduction Incentive
(“RRRI”) program, 61 Pa.C.S. §§ 4501 et seq. Counsel has filed a brief
pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), together with an
application to withdraw. Since the trial court erred in failing to treat
Appellant’s petition as one filed under the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”)
and providing him the attendant rights associated with a first PCRA petition
during the underlying proceedings, we deny counsel’s application to withdraw,
vacate the order, and remand for proceedings consistent with this
memorandum.
Given our disposition, a brief summary will suffice. In 2018, Appellant
and Stephanie Torres were in a romantic relationship. After accusing Ms.
Torres of cheating on him, Appellant entered Ms. Torres’s apartment and
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choked her multiple times. Ms. Torres ran outside to escape, but Appellant
continued to physically assault and threaten to kill her. Appellant was charged
with one count each of strangulation, harassment, and disorderly conduct, as
well as two counts of simple assault. A jury convicted Appellant of all charges.
The trial court sentenced Appellant to the following concurrent terms of
incarceration: three to six years for strangulation and nine to twenty-four
months for each count of simple assault. The court imposed no further penalty
for Appellant’s disorderly conduct conviction and found Appellant’s
harassment conviction merged with the first count of simple assault.
Appellant filed a post-sentence motion concerning merger. The trial
court denied the motion. On direct appeal to this Court, Appellant argued the
trial court erred in failing to merge the sentences for simple assault and
strangulation and that the evidence was insufficient to support his
strangulation conviction. Since Appellant failed to meet the merger test as
outlined in 42 Pa.C.S. § 9765 and presented no argument on his sufficiency
claim, we affirmed Appellant’s judgment of sentence. See Commonwealth
v. Butler, 256 A.3d 19 (Pa.Super. 2021) (non-precedential decision).
Within days of this Court’s decision, Appellant pro se filed a petition
seeking nunc pro tunc relief to be found eligible for the RRRI program. As
discussed infra, this should have been treated as a timely, first PCRA petition.
The trial court did not treat it as such and, instead, denied the petition without
appointing counsel to represent Appellant, holding a hearing to determine
whether Appellant wished to waive his rule-based right to counsel, or
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providing notice of its intent to dismiss the petition without a hearing pursuant
to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907.
Appellant pro se filed a timely notice of appeal. Both Appellant and the
trial court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925. As this Court recognized Appellant
was proceeding on appeal pro se from an order dismissing a first PCRA
petition, we remanded the matter to the trial court to determine Appellant’s
eligibility for court-appointed counsel and retained jurisdiction over the
matter.1 Specifically, we remanded based upon Pa.R.Crim.P. 904(C), which
we noted provides that “when [an] unrepresented defendant satisfies [the]
judge that [the] defendant is unable to afford or otherwise procure counsel,
[the] judge shall appoint counsel to represent [the] defendant on [the]
defendant’s first PCRA petition[.]” Per Curiam Order, 8/10/21 (emphasis in
original). If the trial court found Appellant eligible, then we directed the court
to appoint counsel to represent “Appellant in connection with this matter.” Id.If the court found Appellant was not eligible, we ordered Appellant to notify
this Court of his non-eligibility and whether he intended “to retain new counsel
or to represent [himself] on appeal.” Id.Based upon this Court’s per curiam order and our interpretation of
Appellant’s underlying petition as a PCRA petition, the trial court found
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1 Admittedly, this Court probably contributed to the confusion surrounding the
procedural posture of this matter by retaining jurisdiction instead of vacating
the underlying order and remanding for the trial court to determine whether
Appellant was entitled to the appointment of counsel for the underlying PCRA
proceedings.
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Appellant eligible for court-appointed counsel. Trial Court Order, 8/23/21. As
a result, the trial court appointed counsel to represent Appellant, directed
counsel to file any amendments within thirty days, and issued a rule to show
cause upon the Commonwealth as to why a hearing should not be granted.
Id. In other words, the trial court purported to take some of the steps
necessary to provide Appellant the rights afforded to him with a first PCRA
petition. Unfortunately, no further proceedings took place before the trial
court because appointed counsel pursued the matter as if on direct appeal by
filing an Anders brief with this Court.2
Before addressing counsel’s application to withdraw or the issue
Appellant sought to raise on appeal, we are compelled to address the trial
court’s initial failure to treat the underlying petition as one filed pursuant to
the PCRA. “A sentencing court’s incorrect determination regarding an
offender’s eligibility [for the RRRI program], which results in the failure to
impose a reduced sentence, necessarily involves a challenge to the sentencing
court’s authority to impose a particular sentence.” Commonwealth v.
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2 While counsel seeking to withdraw on direct appeal should filed a brief
pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), counsel seeking to
withdraw on collateral appeal should file a no merit letter pursuant to
Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and Commonwealth
v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.Super. 1988) (en banc). As discussed infra, this
is a collateral appeal. Thus, counsel should have filed a Turner/Finley letter.
Were we to reach the adequacy of counsel’s brief, we would accept the Anders
brief but review it under the dictates of Turner/Finley. See Commonwealth
v. Fusselman, 866 A.2d 1109, 1111 n.3 (Pa.Super. 2004) (“[B]ecause
an Anders brief provides greater protection to the defendant, we may accept
an Anders brief in lieu of a Turner/Finley letter.”).
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Finnecy, 249 A.3d 903, 912 (Pa. 2021). “That the PCRA does not expressly
delineate this type of illegal sentencing claim does not preclude relief,
considering sentencing illegality claims are always subject to review under the
PCRA when raised in a timely petition.” Id. (citation omitted). It is axiomatic
that “the General Assembly intended that claims that could be brought under
the PCRA must be brought under that Act.” Commonwealth v. Hall, 771
A.2d 1232, 1235 (Pa. 2001) (emphases in original).
Based on the foregoing, the trial court should have treated Appellant’s
pro se petition challenging his RRRI eligibility as a timely PCRA petition and
proceeded under the dictates of the PCRA. See e.g., Pa.R.Crim.P. 905
(concerning amendment of the original PCRA petition); 906 (concerning the
ordering of an answer by the Commonwealth); 907 (concerning the
procedures for entering a disposition without a hearing). Moreover, it appears
from the record that this would have been Appellant’s first PCRA petition,
thereby entitling Appellant to the appointment of counsel pursuant to Rule
904(C) for the underlying PCRA proceedings, not just for purposes of appeal
as occurred herein.3 See Commonwealth v. Bates, ___ A.3d ___, 2022 WL
905939, at *4 (Pa.Super. filed March 29, 2022) (noting that first-time PCRA
petitioners have a rule-based right to counsel throughout PCRA proceedings
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3 Although Appellant has not specifically raised an issue regarding his lack of
counsel during the PCRA proceedings, we may do so sua sponte. See
Commonwealth v. Stossel, 17 A.3d 1286, 1290 (Pa.Super. 2011)
(discussing the right of this Court to address a defendant’s lack of counsel sua
sponte in PCRA matters).
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in the PCRA court, including for any appeal taken from the disposition of the
PCRA petition, and that “denial of PCRA relief cannot stand unless the
petitioner was afforded the assistance of counsel”) (citations and quotation
marks omitted).
Accordingly, we vacate the order denying Appellant’s petition and
remand to the PCRA court to consider that petition under the dictates of the
PCRA. As the PCRA court already determined Appellant is entitled to PCRA
counsel, either appointed counsel or newly-appointed counsel shall assist
Appellant in the PCRA proceedings.
Order vacated. Application to withdraw denied. Case remanded for
proceedings consistent with this memorandum. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 04/13/2022
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