State of Tennessee v. Elizabeth Griswold ( 2017 )

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT KNOXVILLE
Assigned on Briefs July 26, 2016
STATE OF TENNESSEE v. ELIZABETH GRISWOLD
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Blount County
No. C22567, C22568 David R. Duggan, Judge
___________________________________
No. E2015-02259-CCA-R3-CD – Filed January 5, 2017
___________________________________
Defendant, Elizabeth Griswold, appeals the trial court’s revocation of her community
corrections sentence and the imposition of a sentence of confinement. Following our
review of the record, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed
THOMAS T. WOODALL, P.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which CAMILLE R.
MCMULLEN, and ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY, JR., JJ., joined.
J. Liddle Kirk, Knoxville, Tennessee (on appeal); and Mack Garner, District Public
Defender, Maryville, Tennessee (at trial), for the appellant, Elizabeth Griswold.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Sophia S. Lee, Senior Counsel;
Michael L. Flynn, District Attorney General; and Clinton Frazier, Assistant District
Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
Background
Defendant entered best interest guilty pleas to criminal simulation and theft of
property less than $500 in value. She received an effective sentence of two years to be
served on community corrections. On June 17, 2015, a violation warrant was issued
alleging that Defendant violated the terms of her community corrections by:
 Rule 5: The defendant tested positive for opiates and alcohol upon
her admission to the Blount Memorial Hospital emergency room on
June 6, 2015.
 Rule 9: The defendant failed to comply as provided in two written
warnings given on May 1, 2015, and May 18, 2015.
At the revocation hearing, Robin Turnmire, a treatment specialist with Blount
County Community Corrections, testified that she was Defendant’s counselor while
Defendant was under supervision in the community corrections program. She said that
recently Defendant had “been absconded from a warrant. When we - - when the warrant
was written, she was given the opportunity to turn herself in and she chose not to do so.”
Prior to that time, Defendant had been issued two written warnings as well as many
verbal warnings.
Ms. Turnmire testified that Defendant received a written warning on May 1, 2015,
because:
She had an unexcused absence from group [sic] on 3-24-15, in that she
kept saying that she would provide a doctor’s note but never did provide
a doctor’s note for that absence. She also failed to attend two peer
recovery meetings per week, which is what she had signed with the
behavior contract when she came out to us this time. She had failed to
obtain a sponsor at those peer recovery support meetings.
Ms. Turnmire also noted that Defendant had “previously been on Community Corrections
and had already had one warning with us and a violation, had spent some jail time and
then came back out again.”
Ms. Turnmire testified that Defendant received a second written warning on May
19, 2015, she said:
On May the 19th, and I got very specific with what would have instead
been a warrant at that time, Rule 5, failing to be available for random
medication counts, as she had been instructed and as she had agreed to;
Rule Number 20, failing to make daily check-in phone calls as she had
been instructed and as she had agreed to; Rule Number 4, failing to
provide a current telephone number; Rule Number 14, failing to pay
monthly supervision fee - - at that point she was six months behind; Rule
Number 15, failing to pay court costs since July of 2014.
Ms. Turnmire testified that Defendant had never, during the time that she was supervised
by Ms. Turnmire, been able to “maintain compliance even with basic requests, like daily
phone call check-ins.”
2
Ms. Turnmire testified that she had continued to try “multiple things” with
Defendant’s treatment. She said:
Over the course of what we have tried, we have tried to involve her in a
primary substance abuse treatment program. She only will qualify for an
intensive outpatient program because of the medications that she is
prescribed and needs for a variety of different reasons, both physical and
mental health. We did have her enrolled in an intensive outpatient
program. She continued to have some absences from them as well. The
only reason that was not also included is because we couldn’t get clear
documentation from them one way or the other about those absences.
But verbally the facilitator for that program said that she had had
continued absences from that program as well.
In the time after these warnings were written, I was seeing her
individually - - trying to see her individually and she was supposed to be
attending Moral Reconation Therapy, which is a weekly cognitive
behavioral program to reduce criminal recidivism.
* * *
She was not adequately participating in MRT. And as far as individual
sessions, she would in the session agree to - - say she understood the
problem, that she agreed she knew what to do to fix it, here’s the steps
and we went over that. And she would demonstrate that she agreed and
she understood and then her behavior would not match. As soon as she
would leave the office, things would change again and she would fail to
comply.
Ms. Turnmire testified specifically that Defendant failed to comply with daily phone
check-ins, the keeping of a current phone number for medication checks, and continuing
to get medication approved before taking it. She said that Defendant understood the rules,
but failed to comply with them.
Ms. Turnmire testified that the community corrections violation was filed against
Defendant because she brought documentation for another absence. “And in the lab
results for that, it - - the lab results from the hospital said that [Defendant] had alcohol in
her system.” Ms. Turnmire testified that Defendant was not allowed to have alcohol at
any time while on community corrections. The lab results also showed that Defendant
had opiates in her system. At that time, Defendant had not informed anyone that she had
3
been prescribed any opiate medication. Ms. Turnmire noted that Defendant was supposed
to inform community corrections of any prescribed medication before taking it.
On cross-examination, Ms. Turnmire agreed that Defendant had both physical and
mental health problems. She also testified that Defendant has a “substance use disorder.”
Ms. Turnmire agreed that Defendant was at times required to take mood-altering
substances by her doctors for medical reasons. She testified that Defendant’s
requirement to report “varied at times based on some of her medical needs.” At the time
the warrant was issued, Defendant was required to report “at least weekly.” Defendant
was also required to call in while her foot was injured so that her medication could be
monitored at a “higher level.” Ms. Turnmire testified that although Defendant received a
disability check, she did not notice that Defendant had any cognitive impairment. She
was aware that Defendant’s mental health issues were “more mood issues rather than
cognitive issues.”
Hilary Storie, Defendant’s probation officer with community corrections, testified
that her supervisor, Brian Hensley, filed a violation of community corrections report
against Defendant while Ms. Storie was on vacation. Ms. Storie testified that the warrant
was filed “[f]or the medical records being brought from the hospital, showing the positive
results for opiates and alcohol and then her continued non-compliance with rules.” Ms.
Storie noted that Defendant was required to pay fifteen dollars per month and that she
had “not paid on her supervision fees for months and had not paid on court costs, as
well.”
Defendant testified that she called in and talked to Ms. Turnmire twice a day. She
also disagreed that she failed to provide Ms. Turnmire with a phone number. Defendant
testified:
I was in surgery during this time. The effect of the anesthesia apparently
had an effect on me. But I do not remember three days. My family, my
daughter, and my fiancé told me I was acting very weird, doing things - -
running around the house acting like a dog.
* * *
Stuff I don’t remember. And so when I first came to the realization, I
called Ms. Hilary immediately at home and I called Robin a couple of
times at home, trying to get in touch with somebody as soon as I
remembered.
4
Concerning her positive test for alcohol, Defendant testified that she did not “drink
whatsoever.” She also said that she did not take any opiates and that she was on
Tramadol, “which does show up as a opiate, that’s what I was told by my doctor.”
Defendant testified that she provided Ms. Turnmire or Ms. Storie with a copy of her
prescription for Tramadol and another prescription. She said that she told them to shred
the other prescription. Defendant indicated that this occurred about two weeks after
surgery on her foot.
Defendant agreed that Ms. Turnmire and Ms. Storie told her to turn herself in after
the violation was filed on June 17, 2015. However, Defendant said that her foot was “cut
open,” and she did not comply with their request. Defendant was then arrested at her
home on September 15, 2015. She said that her foot was still in a cast at the time.
Defendant testified that she receives $895 per month in disability, and she had a payment
arrangement with the “Justice Center” to pay five dollars per month on her court costs.
Defendant agreed that she understood what Ms. Turnmire told her that she needed to do.
However, she claimed that “there is an imbalance that I forget everything.” Defendant
noted that she had been diagnosed “with bipolar, bipolar axis II, severe depression, severe
anxiety.” However, she had begun taking medication that was working well. She noted
that she was not allowed the medications while in jail. Defendant also told the trial court
that she served in the military and had been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Defendant felt that if placed back on community corrections she could comply with the
rules and that her daughter was moving back in to help her.
On cross-examination, Defendant admitted that she had previously violated her
community corrections because she was “on some kind of medication[.]” She was then
placed back on community corrections. She agreed that the rules of community
corrections were reviewed with her. Defendant did not “remember the alcohol class,
narcotic class” because she did not use “recreational drugs.” She said that she had
brought her prescriptions to Ms. Turnmire several times. Defendant admitted that she
had two written warnings prior to the community corrections violation report being filed.
She did not turn herself in after the violation warrant was issued because she had a “cut
open foot.”
Analysis
The decision to revoke a community corrections sentence or probation rests within
the sound discretion of the trial court and will not be disturbed on appeal unless there is
no substantial evidence to support the trial court’s conclusion that a violation has
occurred. State v. Harkins, 811 S.W.2d 79, 82-83 (Tenn. 1991) (applying the probation
revocation procedures and principles contained in Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-
35-311 to the revocation of a community corrections placement based upon “the similar
5
nature of a community corrections sentence and a sentence of probation”). The trial court
is required only to find that the violation of probation or community corrections occurred
by a preponderance of the evidence. See T.C.A. § 40-35-311(e); see also id. § 40-36-
106(e)(3)(B). In reviewing the trial court’s findings, it is our obligation to examine the
record and determine whether the trial court has exercised a conscientious judgment
rather than an arbitrary one. State v. Mitchell, 810 S.W.2d 733, 735 (Tenn. Crim. App.
1991). After finding a violation of a defendant’s community corrections, the “court may
resentence the defendant to any appropriate sentencing alternative, including
incarceration, for any period of time up to the maximum sentence provided for the
offense committed, less any time actually served in any community based alternative to
incarceration.” T.C.A. § 40-36-106(e)(4). If the trial court resentences a defendant to a
more severe sentence than originally imposed, it must conduct a sentencing hearing in
accordance with the 1989 Sentencing Act. See State v. Crook, 2 S.W.3d 238, 240 (Tenn.
Crim. App. 1998). When a trial court does not alter “the length, terms or conditions of
the sentence imposed,” a new sentencing hearing is not required. T.C.A. § 40-36-
106(e)(2); see State v. Samuels, 44 S.W.3d 489, 493 (Tenn. 2001).
Defendant argues that the trial court abused its discretion in revoking her
community corrections sentence, and she asserts that the trial court should have ordered
her sentence to be served in split confinement. She also asserts:
The suggested split confinement would have imposed a reasonable
penalty for the Defendant’s transgressions, while acknowledging that
those transgressions may have been in part due to her memory problems,
medical issues and anxiety, and offering her a second opportunity to
benefit from the cognitive therapy treatment offered as part of her
community corrections.
Based on our review of the record, we conclude that the trial court did not abuse
its discretion in finding that Defendant had violated the conditions of her community
corrections sentence and by ordering her to serve her two-year sentence in confinement.
In considering the revocation, the trial court made the following findings:
All right. Upon this proof and the Court finds the State’s proof to be
credible, the Court finds that she has engaged - - [Defendant] has
engaged in a material violation of the terms of her Community
Corrections sentences, based upon Blount Memorial Hospital medical
records showing positive results for alcohol following an admission to
the emergency room on June 6, 2015, and non-compliance with the rules
as evidenced by the written warnings that are before the Court as
Exhibits 1 and 2, including, as contained in those warrants, unexcused
6
absences - - or an unexcused absence, rather, from MRT on March 24,
2015; failing to attend two peer recovery meetings per week; failing to
obtain a sponsor as directed; failing to be available for random pill
counts; failing to make daily check-in phone calls; failing to provide a
current telephone number; failing to pay supervision fees and court costs.
Now, [Defendant’s] situation certainly is a sad one, no doubt
complicated by mental illness and physical problems, potentially
including from her testimony post-traumatic stress disorder. I don’t have
any information on that, but I have no reason to doubt her word here this
morning. It’s a sad case.
And I’ve heard the testimony that perhaps she is able to stay on
Community Corrections, but the Court cannot find that she is going to be
able to do that. I can’t find that. If I had some reasonable alternative, I
would order it, but I don’t know what that alternative is. . . .
Based upon these material violations, I am going to revoke her
Community Corrections sentences and I’m going to order her to serve
these sentences with all credit that she’s entitled to which we will
announce on the record in just a moment.
The trial court considered Defendant’s mental and physical health and determined
that Defendant could not remain on community corrections. The record supports the trial
court’s decision. The record reflects that Defendant had previously violated the terms of
her community corrections and served a portion of her sentence before being released
back on community corrections. Ms. Turnmire testified that Defendant had no cognitive
difficulties, and Defendant understood the rules. She said that Defendant received two
written warnings as well as many verbal warnings after the first violation. Ms. Turnmire
noted that Defendant was unable to “maintain compliance with even the basic requests,
like daily phone call check-ins.” Ms. Turnmire also tried “multiple things” with
Defendant to help her with treatment. Ms. Turnmire testified that Defendant understood
that she was not permitted to consume alcohol “of any kind at any time.” However,
Defendant brought in documentation for another absence which contained lab results
from the hospital which indicated that Defendant had alcohol and opiates in her system.
At that time, Defendant had not informed anyone that she had been prescribed any opiate
medication. Ms. Turnmire noted that Defendant was supposed to inform community
corrections of any prescribed medication before taking it. Therefore, Defendant is not
entitled to relief on this issue.
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
____________________________________________
THOMAS T. WOODALL, PRESIDING JUDGE
7