State of Tennessee v. Trimon Pruitt ( 2019 )

04/04/2019
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT JACKSON
Assigned on Briefs September 6, 2018
STATE OF TENNESSEE v. TRIMON PRUITT
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Madison County
No. 16-233 Kyle Atkins, Judge
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No. W2018-00039-CCA-R3-CD
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Defendant, Trimon Pruitt, was indicted by the Madison County Grand Jury for first
degree murder. Following a jury trial, Defendant was convicted of second degree
murder. The trial court sentenced Defendant to 24 years’ imprisonment with 100 percent
release eligibility. In this appeal as of right, Defendant contends: 1) the evidence at trial
was insufficient to support his conviction; 2) the trial court erred by admitting into
evidence a statement made by Defendant; 3) the trial court abused its discretion in
sentencing Defendant. Having reviewed the entire record and the briefs of the parties, we
find no error. Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed
THOMAS T. WOODALL, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which NORMA MCGEE
OGLE and ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY, JR., JJ., joined.
George Morton Googe, District Public Defender; and John D. Hamilton, Assistant Public
Defender, Jackson, Tennessee, for the appellant, Trimon Pruitt.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Zachary T. Hinkle, Assistant
Attorney General; James G. Woodall, District Attorney General; and Aaron Chaplin and
Nina Seiler, Assistant District Attorneys General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
Facts
William Smith testified that he and the victim were both members of the gang
“Traveling Vice Lords.” A man named “Country” was the chief of the gang. Smith was
known as “Malik,” and the victim, Tony Willoughby, was known as “Bay.” On
December 2, 2015, Defendant, known as “Trey” or “Trey Poe,” and another gang
member, Antonio Woods, known as “Slug,” picked up Smith and drove him and
Defendant to meet the victim. Smith testified that when they arrived, Defendant
“jump[ed] out [of] the car and r[a]n behind the dumpster.” While Smith and Woods
talked to the victim, Defendant approached them and asked the victim if his name was
“Bay.” The victim replied that it was, and Defendant “pulled a gun out and started
shooting.” Smith testified that he heard “at least five” gunshots. He testified that the
victim “fell right there behind the truck and then he got up, and the Defendant kept
shooting [the victim].” He testified that the victim “was trying to run, and every time that
he got up to try to run the Defendant shot him.” Smith testified that after Defendant shot
the victim several times, Defendant stood over the victim, shot him again, then kicked
him in the face and said, “[t]his is for Country.” Smith identified Defendant as the
shooter in a photo lineup on the night of the incident.
Smith testified that Defendant and “Slug” told him that they were going to “serve
a quarter,” which meant a violation, on the victim. Smith testified that the victim “was
supposed to get beat up and that was it.” He testified that Defendant called “Packman”
and told him that “he didn’t want to serve the violation, he wanted to kill [the victim],
because [the victim] knew where everybody stayed at.”
Woods testified that he, Smith, and Defendant met with two high-ranking
Traveling Vice Lords, “Big 5” and “Courtney,” to discuss the victim, who Woods
testified was “bogus,” which meant “[n]ot righteous.” Woods then drove Defendant and
Smith to meet the victim. When they arrived, Woods and Smith stood outside of the
vehicle and waited for the victim to arrive. Defendant went behind a dumpster “to use
the restroom.” Woods and Smith were talking to the victim, and Defendant approached
them with “his palms up,” which meant that Defendant meant “no harm.” Defendant
greeted them and then turned to walk away. Woods testified that Defendant “took two or
three steps away from [them], then turned back around and started shooting.” Woods
testified that Defendant chased the victim and continued to shoot at him. Defendant then
“stood on top of [the victim] and shot.” Woods began to drive away with Smith, and
Defendant “flagged [him] down.” Defendant got inside the car with Woods and Smith,
and they drove to Defendant’s girlfriend’s house.
Woods initially told police that he did not know the shooter, and he gave a false
description of the shooter to police. Woods testified that “later on that day,” he told
police that Defendant was the shooter. Woods testified that he did not know Defendant
had a gun.
Police collected six .40 caliber shell casings from the crime scene. Tennessee
Bureau of Investigation ballistics testing was unable to determine conclusively whether
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the shell casings were fired from the same gun because they bore insufficient markings.
Three .40 caliber bullets were recovered from the victim during autopsy. Police did not
find a weapon on the victim.
Investigator Daniel Long interviewed Smith and Woods. Investigator Long
determined that “there was a power conflict” within the Traveling Vice Lords. Smith
stated that the original plan was to kill the victim but that Smith “believed that the plans
were altered to just a beatdown.” Investigator Long also interviewed Defendant.
Defendant admitted that he was a gang member, and he acknowledged that he knew
Smith and Woods. Defendant told Investigator Long that on December 2, 2015, he went
to church with his family and went to his grandmother’s house after church. Investigator
Long listened to a recorded phone call between Defendant and his mother after
Defendant’s arrest in which Defendant told his mother to contact a woman named “Red”
because he had stayed at her house on the night of the shooting. Investigator Long
testified that the shooter was described as short, and Defendant’s height is five feet two
inches. He testified that Smith was six feet tall, and the victim was five feet nine inches
tall. Police searched Defendant’s bedroom and found gang-related material, which
included a photograph of “Country,” and weapons that did not match the caliber bullets
found at the scene. Police also found a bag containing dreadlocks.
After investigating the crime scene, Sergeant Chris Chestnut, of the Jackson Police
Department, spoke to the victim’s family at the hospital. The victim’s family suggested
that Sergeant Chestnut speak to Marcus Clark, who was with the family at the hospital.
Clark was cooperative, and he admitted that he was at the scene when the victim was
shot. Clark told police that he had taken the victim to Allenton Heights to meet two men
known as “Slug” and “Malik.” Clark was familiar with “Slug,” but he did not know
“Malik.” Clark did not identify the shooter, but he told police that Slug was not the
shooter. In a subsequent interview, Clark described the shooter as “extremely short.”
Marcus Clark testified that he and the victim grew up together. Clark testified that
the victim was a member of the “Vice Lord” gang. On December 2, 2015, Clark picked
up the victim at the victim’s house and drove him to meet “Slug” and “Malik” in
Allenton Heights. When they arrived, the victim got out of the car to meet with them.
Clark testified that he knew “Slug” from seeing him in “the streets.” Clark stayed in his
vehicle. He saw the victim talking to the other two men. Clark testified, “I looked back
[and] I just so happened to heard [sic] the gunshots. And then I seen [sic] a third person
chasing [the victim] behind the truck.” That person was shooting at the victim. Clark
described the shooter as short and wearing a black hoodie. He testified that the shooter
was “smaller” and “a little skinnier” than the victim. Clark did not see the shooter’s face.
Clark testified that he did not see “Slug” or “Malik” with a gun. Clark drove away from
the scene, and his vehicle was struck by gunfire.
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Dr. Miguel Laboy, a forensic pathologist, performed an autopsy on the victim’s
body and determined that the cause of death was multiple gunshot wounds. Dr. Laboy
discovered six gunshot wounds on the victim’s body and two graze wounds to the
victim’s chin and right elbow. Dr. Laboy testified that one of the bullets entered under
the victim’s arm and exited the front of his body. Two other bullets entered the victim’s
back and exited the front of his body. Two other bullets entered the victim’s back and
lodged in his body. Another bullet entered the victim’s buttock and lodged in his pelvis.
Dr. Laboy also discovered a contusion in the victim’s “deep scalp” that could be
consistent with having been kicked in the head.
Defendant testified at trial. He acknowledged that he was a gang member.
Defendant testified that “Red” was “a female that [he] was associated with.” He testified
that he told his mother that “she should go and talk to Red, maybe Red could help me out
or something along those lines. I believe I also told her that I may have spent the night
over there.” Defendant testified that he went to church and then stayed at his
grandmother’s house on the night of the shooting. Defendant denied shooting the victim.
Defendant acknowledged that he had prior convictions for auto burglary and simple
possession. On cross-examination, Defendant testified that he was on probation at the
time of the offense in this case. Defendant testified that he knew Smith and Woods. He
testified that he had dreadlocks at the time of the incident, and that he had since cut his
hair. Defendant testified that he had “[n]ever carried out a violation” as a member of the
gang.
Dorothy Pruitt, Defendant’s grandmother, testified that Defendant lived with her at
the time of the incident. She testified that Defendant went to church that night. She
testified, “anybody that comes to my house needs to be there by 10:00 [p.m.] or I’m
locking up.” She testified that Defendant was home by 10:00 p.m. on the night of the
incident. Ms. Pruitt testified that she did not come forward with an alibi until one week
before trial because “[she] had no reason to.”
Sentencing hearing
At the sentencing hearing, the victim’s mother, Danielle Watford, testified that the
death of her son had a devastating impact on her family and his three children. Ms.
Watford testified that she was in counseling and on medication for anxiety. She testified
that her church family was her “strength.” She requested that the trial court impose the
maximum sentence.
The victim’s grandmother, Janice Fuller, testified, “I’m not painting [him] as a
saint, but to be gunned down the way he was . . . .” She testified that there were “no
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words to say how [her] life ha[d] changed” since the night the victim was killed. She also
requested that the trial court impose the maximum sentence. She also testified that she
forgave Defendant and that Defendant “still has a chance to have a productive life.”
The victim’s uncle, Chaucey Fuller, testified about the impact the victim’s death
had on his family. He testified, “[a]t the drop of a dime my mother will break out into
tears and just anything can trigger it.” Mr. Fuller expressed compassion for Defendant’s
family. He testified that Defendant was “sociopathic” and that “he really felt like he was
the smartest guy in the room when he took the stand, and that – and that scared me a little
bit.” Mr. Fuller also requested that the trial court impose the maximum sentence.
Defendant’s grandmother, Dorothy Pruitt, testified that she had raised Defendant.
She testified that Defendant lived with her and was employed at a “temp” service at the
time of the offense. Ms. Pruitt testified that Defendant was “very active in the church.”
Defendant testified at the sentencing hearing. He acknowledged that the
presentence report stated that he had refused to cooperate with the probation officer who
prepared the report. Defendant explained that he refused to meet with the probation
officer while he was incarcerated because he was “not on probation or parole” at the time.
Defendant also acknowledged that he had been in “a couple fights” while incarcerated.
He testified that he was defending himself and that he did not provoke the altercations.
He also admitted that he refused to return to his cell during one incident. He explained
that he was “trying to go to a different pod.” Defendant acknowledged that he was on
probation at the time of the offense in this case. He testified that he believed he could be
rehabilitated.
The trial court found six enhancement factors and declined to apply any of the
mitigating factors suggested by Defendant. The trial court sentenced Defendant to 24
years’ incarceration and ordered that his sentence would run consecutively to a sentence
for which Defendant was on probation, finding that Defendant was a dangerous offender
and his behavior indicated little or no regard for human life; that he showed no hesitation
about committing a crime where the risk to human life was high; and the circumstances
surrounding the commission of the offense were aggravated. The trial court also found
that confinement for an extended period of time was necessary to protect society from
Defendant’s unwillingness to lead a productive life and Defendant’s resort to criminal
activity in furtherance of an anti-social lifestyle. Finally, the trial court found that the
aggregate length of the sentence was reasonably related to the offense. The trial court
acknowledged the length of Defendant’s sentence was high but noted that Defendant
expressed no remorse. The court also noted that Defendant shot the victim multiple times
and kicked him in the head.
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Analysis
Admissibility of Defendant’s statement
Defendant argues that the trial court erred by admitting Defendant’s statement,
“[t]his is for Country” into evidence. Defendant argues that the statement was unfairly
prejudicial. The State responds that the statement was properly admitted into evidence.
Defendant filed a motion in limine requesting that the statement be excluded from
evidence. Following a hearing on Defendant’s motion, the trial court concluded that “the
probative value is not outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice.” The trial court
concluded that the statement was admissible because it was relevant “to motive and
intent.”
Relevant evidence is “evidence having any tendency to make the existence of any
fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action more probable or less
probable than it would be without the evidence.” Tenn. R. Evid. 401. Relevant evidence
is generally admissible. Tenn. R. Evid. 402. However, relevant evidence may be
excluded “if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair
prejudice, confusion of the issues, or misleading the jury, or by considerations of undue
delay, waste of time, or needless presentation of cumulative evidence.” Tenn. R. Evid.
403. Like other decisions regarding the admissibility of evidence, decisions regarding the
relevance of evidence are reviewed for abuse of discretion. State v. Powers, 101 S.W.3d
383, 395 (Tenn. 2003); State v. March, 395 S.W.3d 738, 781 (Tenn. Crim. App. 2011).
A court abuses its discretion when it applies an incorrect legal standard or it reaches a
decision that is against logic or reasoning and that causes an injustice to the complaining
party. State v. Merriman, 410 S.W.3d 779, 791 (Tenn. 2013).
On appeal, Defendant argues that the probative value of the evidence was
substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice because the statement was
“inflammatory.” We discern no abuse of discretion in the trial court’s decision to allow
Defendant’s statement into evidence. The statement was relevant to show Defendant’s
intent, which is an element of the crime for which Defendant was charged. The evidence
established that the shooting was a result of an internal power conflict in the “Traveling
Vice Lords” gang, of which “Country” was the chief member. The evidence was also
relevant because police found a photograph of “Country” in Defendant’s bedroom, and
the evidence helped to corroborate the witnesses’ testimony that Defendant kicked the
victim in the head when he made the statement because the forensic pathologist testified
that the victim had a “deep scalp” contusion that was consistent with a kick to the head.
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Defendant has not established that the trial court abused its discretion. Defendant is
therefore not entitled to relief on this issue.
Sufficiency of Evidence
Defendant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence, arguing the evidence was
insufficient to sustain his second degree murder conviction. Defendant contends that his
conviction was based on uncorroborated accomplice testimony. He also argues that the
accomplices lacked credibility.
Our standard of review regarding sufficiency of the evidence is “whether, after
viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of
fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.”
Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S. Ct. 2781, 61 L. Ed. 2d 560 (1979); see also
Tenn. R. App. P. 13(e). After a jury finds a defendant guilty, the presumption of
innocence is removed and replaced with a presumption of guilt. State v. Evans, 838
S.W.2d 185, 191 (Tenn. 1992). Consequently, the defendant has the burden on appeal of
demonstrating why the evidence was insufficient to support the jury's verdict. State v.
Tuggle, 639 S.W.2d 913, 914 (Tenn. 1982). The appellate court does not weigh the
evidence anew. Rather, “a jury verdict, approved by the trial judge, accredits the
testimony of the witnesses for the State and resolves all conflicts” in the testimony and all
reasonably drawn inferences in favor of the State. State v. Harris, 839 S.W.2d 54, 75
(Tenn. 1992). Thus, “the State is entitled to the strongest legitimate view of the evidence
and all reasonable or legitimate inferences which may be drawn therefrom.” Id. (citation
omitted). This standard of review applies to guilty verdicts based upon direct or
circumstantial evidence. State v. Dorantes, 331 S.W.3d 370, 379 (Tenn. 2011) (citing
State v. Hanson, 279 S.W.3d 265, 275 (Tenn. 2009)).
Defendant was convicted of the lesser-included offense of second degree murder,
which is “[a] knowing killing of another[.]” T.C.A. § 39-13-210(a)(1). In the light most
favorable to the State, the proof presented at trial showed that Defendant, Smith, and
Woods drove to meet the victim. When they arrived, Defendant went behind a dumpster,
and Smith and Woods talked to the victim. Defendant then approached the victim and
fired multiple shots at the victim as the victim tried to run away. Both Smith and Woods
identified Defendant as the shooter.
Defendant is correct, however, that when the only proof of a crime is the
uncorroborated testimony of one or more accomplices, then the evidence is insufficient to
sustain a conviction as a matter of law. State v. Collier, 411 S.W.3d 886, 894 (Tenn.
2013) (citing State v. Little, 402 S.W.3d 202, 211-12 (Tenn. 2013)). Additionally,
accomplices cannot corroborate each other. State v. Boxley, 76 S.W.3d 381, 386 (Tenn.
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Crim. App. 2001). This court has defined the term “accomplice” to mean “one who
knowingly, voluntarily, and with common intent with the principal unites in the
commission of a crime.” State v. Allen, 976 S.W.2d 661, 666 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1997).
This means that the person must do more than have a guilty knowledge, be morally
delinquent, or participate in other offenses with the principal actor. State v. Jackson, 52
S.W.3d 661, 666 (Tenn. Crim. App. 2001). The test for whether a witness qualifies as an
accomplice is “whether the alleged accomplice could be indicted for the same offense
charged against the defendant.” Allen, 976 S.W.2d at 666.
Although a defendant cannot be convicted solely upon the uncorroborated
testimony of an accomplice, our supreme court has noted that the corroboration required
can be slight. The court stated that in order to properly corroborate accomplice
testimony:
[t]here must be some fact testified to, entirely independent of the
accomplice’s testimony, which, taken by itself, leads to the inference,
not only that a crime has been committed, but also that the defendant is
implicated in it; and this independent corroborative testimony must also
include some fact establishing the defendant’s identity. The
corroborative evidence may be direct or entirely circumstantial, and it
need not be adequate, in and of itself, to support a conviction; it is
sufficient to meet the requirements of the rule if it fairly and legitimately
tends to connect the defendant with the commission of the crime
charged. It is not necessary that the corroboration extend to every part of
the accomplice’s [testimony].
State v. Shaw, 37 S.W.3d 900, 903 (Tenn. 2001) (quoting State v. Bigbee, 885 S.W.2d
797, 803 (Tenn. 1994)). The sufficiency of the corroboration is a determination entrusted
to the jury as the trier of fact. Shaw, 37 S.W.3d at 903.
We disagree with the State’s argument that Clark’s testimony meets the standard
of corroboration proof set forth in our supreme court’s opinion in Shaw. Taken in the
light most favorable to the State, Clark established that a man who was not Woods or
Smith, and who was shorter than Woods, Smith, and the victim, shot the victim. Shaw
requires that the corroborative testimony must both implicate the defendant and also
identify the defendant. Clark’s testimony implicated an unknown and unidentified third
person as the shooter. As to witnesses who were present at the time of the crime, only the
accomplices implicated and identified Defendant.
The State additionally argues that proof of details concerning how the offense
occurred, that Defendant was a gang member, and that a deep scalp contusion to the
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victim’s head that was consistent with the victim being kicked in the head corroborated
the accomplice testimony. It is correct that these examples corroborated portions of the
accomplice testimony. Again, in order to meet the test of Shaw, the corroborative
testimony must provide some direct or circumstantial evidence both implicating and
identifying Defendant in the criminal act. Shaw, 37 S.W.3d at 903 (quoting Bigbee, 885
S.W.2d at 803).
While certainly not overwhelming, we do agree with the State’s argument of
corroboration evidence as to the recorded phone call Defendant made from the jail to his
mother on March 18, 2016, a few days after he was arrested and four days after he had
given a statement to Investigator Long. In that call, he told his mother to contact Red, his
female “associate” (with whom he admitted having been intimate), to maybe help him out
in the case. Defendant told his mother he had gone to Red’s house on the night of the
murder and had spent the night there.
Four days before this phone call, Defendant had told Investigator Long that on the
night of the murder, he had gone to church with his grandmother and his mother and
returned to his home with his grandmother after church. At trial, Defendant testified that
he had lied in the phone conversation with his mother and that he had actually gone to
church and then home with his grandmother. He explained that he lied to avoid having
his mother blame his grandmother for causing him to be in trouble.
The jury judged the credibility of Investigator Long and Defendant. The jury
could reasonably believe that Defendant lied to Investigator Long in his statement on
March 14, told his mother the truth in the phone call, and lied on this matter at trial. The
jury could reasonably conclude that asking his mother to contact “Red” so she could help
Defendant might have been an effort to manufacture an alibi. The jury could further
conclude that Defendant’s untruthfulness was evidence of Defendant’s knowledge of his
guilt. Woods testified that he took the shooter (Defendant) to Red’s home directly after
the victim was murdered. Defendant’s statement in a phone conversation with his
mother, and his rather questionable testimony explaining why he purportedly lied to his
mother, is circumstantial evidence of Defendant’s identity as the shooter and which
implicates him in the victim’s death. Since this proof “fairly and legitimately tends to
connect [Defendant] with the commission of the [murder],” Shaw, 37 S.W.3d at 903, it
provides sufficient corroboration of the accomplice testimony. Defendant is not entitled
to relief on this issue.
Sentencing
Defendant contends that his sentence is excessive and that the trial court did not
properly consider mitigating circumstances. The State responds that the trial court
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imposed a within-range sentence that reflected a proper application of the purposes and
principles of sentencing.
This court reviews challenges to the length of a sentence within the appropriate
sentence range “under an abuse of discretion standard with a ‘presumption of
reasonableness.’” State v. Bise, 380 S.W.3d 682, 708 (Tenn. 2012). A trial court must
consider any evidence received at the trial and sentencing hearing, the presentence report,
the principles of sentencing, counsel's arguments as to sentencing alternatives, the nature
and characteristics of the criminal conduct, any mitigating or statutory enhancement
factors, statistical information provided by the Administrative Office of the Courts as to
sentencing practices for similar offenses in Tennessee, any statement that the defendant
made on his own behalf, and the potential for rehabilitation or treatment. State v. Ashby,
823 S.W.2d 166, 168 (Tenn. 1991) (citing T.C.A. §§ 40-35-103, -210); State v. Moss, 727
S.W.2d 229, 236 (Tenn. 1986); State v. Taylor, 744 S.W.2d 919 (Tenn. Crim. App.
1987); see T.C.A. § 40-35-102.
Likewise, a trial court’s application of enhancement and mitigating factors is
reviewed for an abuse of discretion with “a presumption of reasonableness to within-
range sentencing decisions that reflect a proper application of the purposes and principles
of our Sentencing Act.” Bise, 380 S.W.3d at 706-07. “[A] trial court’s misapplication of
an enhancement or mitigating factor does not invalidate the sentence imposed unless the
trial court wholly departed from the 1989 Act, as amended in 2005.” Id. at 706. “So long
as there are other reasons consistent with the purposes and principles of sentencing, as
provided by statute, a sentence imposed . . . within the appropriate range” will be upheld
on appeal. Id.
Defendant was convicted by the jury of second degree murder, a Class A felony,
which carries a sentencing range of 15 to 25 years’ imprisonment. T.C.A. § 39-13-
210(c); T.C.A. § 40-35-112(a)(1). Defendant was sentenced as a Range I standard
offender to 24 years’ incarceration.
In sentencing Defendant, the trial court stated that it considered the evidence
presented at trial and at the sentencing hearing, the presentence report, the principles of
sentencing, arguments of counsel, the nature and characteristics of the criminal conduct
involved, and the applicable enhancement and mitigating factors. The trial court found
that the circumstances surrounding the commission of the offense were aggravated.
Specifically, the trial court noted that Defendant shot the victim “eight or nine times” and
then “kicked [the victim] in the head after he was on the ground.” The trial court
acknowledged that the sentence imposed was at the “high” end of the appropriate
sentencing range. The trial court stated:
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I know that’s high. But I did have the opportunity to observe
[Defendant] during the trial of this matter and his testimony on two
separate occasions now, and I – he does show no remorse. He doesn’t
seem to care what happens.
And in this particular case, this – this crime was – to shoot a man nine
times and then kick him in the head after he’s down, it shows a disregard
for being a part of society.
Regarding enhancement factors, the trial court found that Defendant had a
previous history of criminal convictions or criminal behavior in addition to those
necessary to establish the appropriate range; that Defendant was a leader in the
commission of an offense involving two or more criminal actors; that Defendant had
previously failed to comply with the conditions of a sentence involving release into the
community; that Defendant possessed or employed a firearm during the commission of
the offense; that Defendant had no hesitation about committing a crime when the risk to
human life was high; and that Defendant was on probation at the time the felony offense
was committed. See T.C.A. § 40-35-114(1), (2), (8), (9), (10), and (13)(C). The trial
court found no applicable mitigating factors.
The trial court’s reliance on enhancement or mitigating factors are advisory only,
and the trial court properly found that enhancement factors applied to Defendant’s
conviction. The trial court did not abuse its discretion by enhancing Defendant’s
sentence within the appropriate statutory range or by declining to apply mitigating
factors. See Bise, 380 S.W.3d at 706. Defendant is not entitled to relief on this issue.
CONCLUSION
After a thorough review of the facts and applicable case law, we affirm the trial
court’s judgment.
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THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE
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