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WKH )RXUWHHQWK $PHQGPHQW ,Q FDVH QXPEHU SODLQWLIIDSSHOODQWWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVRI$PHULFDKDVFKDUJHG 7KHUHLVQRWKLQJLQWKHUHFRUGWRLQGLFDWHWRWKLVFRXUWWKDW WKDW WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW DEXVHG LWV GLVFUHWLRQ E\ GHSDUWLQJ WKH LQVWDQW FDVH OLHV RXWVLGH RI WKH ³KHDUWODQG´ RI FDVHV GRZQZDUGLQVHQWHQFLQJRIGHIHQGDQWDSSHOOHH-RUGDQ.H\ FRQWHPSODWHGE\WKH6HQWHQFLQJ*XLGHOLQHV,QGHHGHDFKRI ³.H\´7KHJRYHUQPHQWKDVDUJXHGWKDWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW HUURQHRXVO\IDLOHGWRFRQVLGHULIWKHFLUFXPVWDQFHVRI.H\¶V FDVHH[FOXGHGLWIURPWKH³KHDUWODQG´RIFDVHVFRQWHPSODWHG LQ WKH *XLGHOLQH 0DQXDO RI WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 6HQWHQFLQJ The monologue oral ruling of the district court reveals no awareness of the need for the case to lie outside the heartland of typical &RPPLVVLRQ cases which it encounters: 2Q $SULO D UHOLDEOH FRQILGHQWLDO LQIRUPDQW :LWK UHJDUG WR DOO RI WKHVH REMHFWLRQV WKDW 0U *LEVRQ WHOHSKRQHG 2IILFHU -RVHSK +RLQJ RI WKH 0HPSKLV 3ROLFH >.H\¶V DWWRUQH\@ PDGH RQ EHKDOI RI KLV FOLHQW DV , VDLG EHIRUH 'HSDUWPHQW¶V2UJDQL]HG&ULPH8QLWZKRZDVDVVLJQHGWRWKH VSHFLDO'UXJ(QIRUFHPHQW$JHQF\³'($´7DVN)RUFH7KH WKH SHUVRQ DVVXPHV WKH ULVN RI HQJDJLQJ LQ FHUWDLQ FRQGXFW DQG KDV WR DFFHSW WKH FRQVHTXHQFH RI WKDW FRQGXFW FRQILGHQWLDO LQIRUPDQW DGYLVHG +RLQJ WKDW GHIHQGDQW 7KH FRXUW GRHVQ¶W ILQG WKDW 0U .H\¶V PHGLFDO FRQGLWLRQ +HUQDQGH] ZRXOG DUULYH WKDW VDPH GD\ DW WKH 0HPSKLV VWDQGLQJ DORQH LV D JURXQGV IRU GHSDUWXUH 7HQQHVVHHDLUSRUWRQD&RQWLQHQWDO$LUOLQHVIOLJKWDWSP IURP+RXVWRQ7H[DVZLWKDUHWXUQWLFNHWIRU+RXVWRQWKH 6LPLODUO\ ZKLOH 0U .H\ LV D ILUVW RIIHQGHU , GRQ¶W EHOLHYH WKDW WKH VLQJOH DFW RI DEHUUDQW EHKDYLRU LV DSSURSULDWH XQGHU WKH IROORZLQJGD\&RJQL]DQWWKDW+RXVWRQZDVDPDMRUFRFDLQH FLUFXPVWDQFHV RI WKLV FDVH %XW , WKLQN WDNLQJ LQWR DFFRXQW DQG VRXUFH FLW\ +RLQJ FRQFOXGHG WKDW +HUQDQGH]¶V WUDYHO DJJUHJDWLQJ DOO RI WKRVH WKLQJV , EHOLHYH WKDW WKHUH LV D EDVLV IRU DFWLYLWLHVFRPSRUWHGZLWKWKHVWDQGDUGSUDFWLFHVRIQDUFRWLFV D VOLJKW GHSDUWXUH LQ 0U .H\¶V FDVH , GR UHPHPEHU KLV FDVH DQGRU FXUUHQF\ FRXULHUV ZDUUDQWLQJ LQYHVWLJDWLRQ 7KH TXLWH YLYLGO\ DQG WKH GD\ RI WULDO ZKHQ ZH ZHUH UHDG\ WR JR WR FRQILGHQWLDOLQIRUPDQWDGYLVHGWKDW+HUQDQGH]ZRXOGRFFXS\ WULDO DQG WKH FRXUW >DW@ 0U *LEVRQ¶V UHTXHVW ZHQW LQWR FKDPEHUV DQG 0U .H\ XOWLPDWHO\ GHFLGHG WR SOHDG JXLOW\ LW ZDV DIWHU WKDW VHDW%LQWKHDLUFUDIW DQQRXQFHPHQW , WKLQN WKDW RWKHU GHIHQGDQWV WKHQ UHTXHVWHG WLPH WR WDON ZLWK 0U 3DUNHU DQG PDGH LQGHSHQGHQW GHFLVLRQV WR SOHDG +RLQJDQGDIHOORZDJHQWRQWKH'($7DVN)RUFH6KHOE\ JXLOW\ :KR NQRZV KRZ PXFK HIIHFW WKDW KDG RQ LW &RXQW\6KHULII¶V'HSXW\$QLWD7DUZDWHU³7DUZDWHU´ZHQW , GRQ¶W GRQ¶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¶W NQRZ KRZ PXFK RI WKLV RFFXUUHG SULRU WR WKLV SRLQW EXW , ZLOO GHSDUW VOLJKWO\ LQ WKLV FDVH 8QLWHG6WDWHVY 1RV 1RV 8QLWHG6WDWHVY 6DXFHGRHWDO 6DXFHGRHWDO &KHYUROHW %OD]HU ZLWK FRGHIHQGDQWV 7KRPDV 'DYLGVRQ purposes of sentencing, even though none of the ³'DYLGVRQ´DQG.H\DUULYHGWRPHHW+HUQDQGH] characteristics or circumstances individually distinguishes the case. However, the Commission 7KH WZR SROLFH RIILFHUV VXSSRUWHG E\ EDFNXS DJHQWV believes that such cases will be extremely rare. IROORZHG WKH %OD]HU WR WKH +LOWRQ +RWHO 6DQGHUOLQ $YHQXH 0HPSKLV 7KH\ REVHUYHG WKH %OD]HU VWRS QHDU D U.S.S.G. § 5K2.0 commentary (emphases added). 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518 U.S. 81 , 96-100 WKDWKHKDGQHYHUEHIRUHPHW6DXFHGRDQGGLGQRWNQRZKRZ (1996). +HUQDQGH] WUDYHOHG IURP WKH DLUSRUW WR KLV 'DYLGVRQ¶V GRPLFLOH FRQWUDU\ WR +RLQJ¶V H\HZLWQHVV DWWHVWDWLRQV WKDW A court’s discretion to depart downwards is governed by 'DYLGVRQKDGSHUVRQDOO\DFFRPSDQLHG+HUQDQGH]IURPWKH statute: DLUSRUWDQGKDGGULYHQKLPWRDSDUNHGDXWRPRELOHRSHUDWHG E\6DXFHGR The Court shall impose a sentence of the kind, and within the range [determined by the guidelines] unless the Court 6DXFHGR LQIRUPHG LQWHUURJDWLQJ GHWHFWLYHV WKDW KH KDG finds that there exists an aggravating or mitigating OHDVHG WKH 0HUFXU\ LQ 6DQ $QWRQLR 7H[DV WR GULYH WR circumstance of a kind, or to a degree, not adequately 0HPSKLVWR³KDQJRXW´ZLWK+HUQDQGH]+RZHYHUZKHQ taken into consideration by the Sentencing Commission TXHVWLRQHG6DXFHGRNQHZWKHIXOOQDPHRIQHLWKHU+HUQDQGH] in formulating the guidelines that should result in a QRU'DYLGVRQ6DXFHGRGLVFORVHGWKDWKHKDGVWD\HGDWWKH sentence different from that described. +LOWRQ +RWHO ZKLOH LQ 0HPSKLV $ FRQVHQW VHDUFK RI WKH 0HUFXU\GLVFORVHGWKDWLWVEDFNVHDWKDGEHHQXQEROWHGLQWKH
18 U.S.C. § 3553(b) (emphasis added). VWDQGDUGIDVKLRQRIDFRXULHUYHKLFOHHQDEOLQJWKHFODQGHVWLQH VWRUDJHRIQDUFRWLFVRUEDQNQRWHVLQWKHDUHDEHQHDWKWKHVHDW The guidelines applicable at the time of Key’s sentencing $ WUDLQHG QDUFRWLFV GHWHFWLRQ FDQLQH ZDV XVHG WR DOHUW WKH mentioned the statutorily-created possibility for downward RIILFHUVWRWKH0HUFXU\¶VUHDUVHDW departure in the comment to § 5K2.0, wherein: 8SRQLQTXLU\+HUQDQGH]LQLWLDOO\DGYLVHGWKHRIILFHUVWKDW The Commission does not foreclose the possibility of an KHKDGIORZQWR0HPSKLVWRSD\DSHUVRQDOYLVLWWRKLVIULHQG extraordinary case that, because of a combination of ³7KRPDV´ 'DYLGVRQ DOWKRXJK KH GLG QRW NQRZ WKH ODVW such characteristics [those not normally relevant to a QDPHRIKLVSXUSRUWHGVRFLDOKRVW+RZHYHUKHXOWLPDWHO\ departure from the guidelines] or circumstances, differs significantly from the "heartland" cases covered by the guidelines in a way that is important to the statutory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¶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¶V UHVLGHQFH SURGXFHG NLORJUDPV RI FRFDLQH SRZGHU 7KH RYHUDOO FLUFXPVWDQFHV EROVWHUHG E\ WKH LPPHGLDWH FRQWDLQHGLQWZRSDFNDJHVKLGGHQEHQHDWKFORWKLQJLQVLGHD GLVFRYHU\ RI D ILUHDUP LQ .H\¶V SRVVHVVLRQ MXVWLILHG ODXQGU\ EDVNHW SOXV DQ DGGLWLRQDO JUDPV RI FRFDLQH TXHVWLRQLQJ RI WKH VXVSHFWV LQFOXGLQJ +HUQDQGH] DERXW SRZGHU IURP LQVLGH D EULHIFDVH VHFUHWHG ZLWKLQ D EHGURRP DFWLYLWLHVZKLFKWDNHQWRJHWKHUVWURQJO\LQGLFDWHGQDUFRWLFV FORVHW GHDOLQJ 7KH IDOVH DQG HYDVLYH UHVSRQVHV JLYHQ E\ WKH GHWDLQHHV VXSSOLHG DGGLWLRQDO MXVWLILFDWLRQ IRU IXUWKHU Further investigation disclosed that Hernandez and Saucedo TXHVWLRQLQJ6HH8QLWHG6WDWHVY+LOO)G had supplied cocaine to Davidson on at least four other WK &LU FHUW GHQLHG 6 &W occasions and that Key distributed the cocaine for Davidson +HUQDQGH]¶V)RXUWK$PHQGPHQWULJKWVDVH[SOLFDWHGLQ7HUU\ once the drug arrived in Memphis. The first of these DQG LWV SURJHQ\ ZHUH QRW LPSLQJHG E\ WKH IDXOWHG VWRS transactions occurred during January of 1998, when Davidson TXHVWLRQLQJ DQGRU FRQVHQVXDO UHPRYDO RI FDVK IURP KLV agreed to purchase one kilogram of cocaine at the cost of FORWKLQJ $22,000, apparently on consignment. Approximately two weeks later, Hernandez returned to Memphis, in connection ,Q WKH DOWHUQDWLYH +HUQDQGH] KDV SURWHVWHG IRU WKH ILUVW with the second known transaction. Davidson at that time WLPH RQ DSSHDO WKDW WKH DXWKRULWLHV LQLWLDOO\ WDUJHWHG KLP paid for the first kilogram of cocaine, and Hernandez gave VROHO\ E\ UHDVRQ RI KLV +LVSDQLF KHULWDJH LQ DIIURQW WR KLV Davidson two more kilograms. The third known transaction )RXUWHHQWK $PHQGPHQW HTXDO SURWHFWLRQ JXDUDQWHHV 6HH occurred on March 8, 1998, when Davidson and Key traveled 8QLWHG 6WDWHV Y $YHU\ )G WK &LU to Houston with $40,000. They met with Hernandez and +RZHYHU+HUQDQGH]KDVIDLOHGWRSURYHE\UHTXLVLWHGLUHFW returned to Memphis with three kilograms of cocaine. FLUFXPVWDQWLDORUVWDWLVWLFDOHYLGHQFHWKDWKHZDVDWDUJHWRI UDFLDO SURILOLQJ ,G DW ,QVWHDG +HUQDQGH] KDV RIIHUHGRQO\VSHFXODWLRQWKDWWKHODZPHQZHUHLQVSLUHGE\KLV HWKQLFLW\ WR LQDXJXUDWH DQ LQYHVWLJDWLRQ RI KLV WUDYHOV ,Q UHVSRQVH WR +RLQJ¶V TXHU\ UHJDUGLQJ WKH DPRXQW RI FDVK WHQGHUHG 0RUHRYHUEHFDXVH+HUQDQGH]QHJOHFWHGWRIUDPHKLVHTXDO E\ 'DYLGVRQ +HUQDQGH] UHSOLHG ³DERXW D EXQGOH´ +RLQJ UHFRJQL]HG WKH SURWHFWLRQWKHRU\ZLWKLQKLVHYLGHQFHVXSSUHVVLRQPRWLRQLQ WHUP ³EXQGOH´ DV VWDQGDUG QDUFRWLFV WUDGH MDUJRQ 8QLWHG6WDWHVY 1RV 1RV 8QLWHG6WDWHVY 6DXFHGRHWDO 6DXFHGRHWDO 8QLWHG6WDWHVY&RUWH]867KHWZR Finally, in the fourth known transaction, Hernandez and SDUW 7HUU\ ³REMHFWLYH UHDVRQDEOHQHVV´ SDUDGLJP LQTXLUHV Saucedo delivered two kilograms of cocaine to Davidson and ZKHWKHUWKHRIILFHU VDFWLRQZDVMXVWLILHGDWLWVLQFHSWLRQDQG Key in Memphis, Tennessee, between March 12 and 14, ZKHWKHU LW ZDV UHDVRQDEO\ UHODWHG LQ VFRSH WR WKH 1998. 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The Presentence Investigation FRQVLGHUDEO\OHVVWKDQSUHSRQGHUDQFHRIWKHHYLGHQFHWKH Report concerning Key contained a base offense level of 32 )RXUWK$PHQGPHQWUHTXLUHVDWOHDVWDPLQLPDOOHYHORI pursuant to USCG § 2D1.1, together with a two-level REMHFWLYHMXVWLILFDWLRQIRUPDNLQJWKHVWRS8QLWHG6WDWHV enhancement for the presence of a firearm, producing an Y6RNRORZ867KHRIILFHUPXVWEH adjusted offense level of 34. Key received a two-level DEOH WR DUWLFXODWH PRUH WKDQ DQ ³LQFKRDWH DQG reduction for acceptance of responsibility, leaving a total XQSDUWLFXODUL]HG VXVSLFLRQ RU µKXQFK¶´ RI FULPLQDO offense level of 32. During the sentencing hearing, because DFWLYLW\ the defendant had no criminal history, the government agreed to the application of the "safety valve" provision of U.S.S.G. ,GDWTXRWLQJ7HUU\86DW § 2D1.1(b)(6), resulting in 30 points and a guideline range of 97 to 121 months. 7KH ³WRXFKVWRQH RI WKH )RXUWK $PHQGPHQW LV UHDVRQDEOHQHVV´2KLRY5RELQHWWH86 The court also addressed three asserted bases for downward TXRWLQJ)ORULGDY-LPHQR867KH departure: that pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 1A, note 4(d), his ³UHDVRQDEOHQHVV´GHWHUPLQDWLRQKLQJHVXSRQREMHFWLYHIDFWRUV behavior constituted "aberrant behavior"; that he "triggered" QRWWKHDFWXDOVXEMHFWLYHPRWLYDWLRQRIWKHRIILFHUVLQYROYHG the other defendants to change their pleas when he changed %RQGY8QLWHG6WDWHV6&W Q his plea to guilty, thereby creating a mitigating circumstance :KUHQ Y 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 86 7KH not adequately considered by the sentencing commission, ³UHDVRQDEOHQHVV´ RI DQ ³DUWLFXODEOH VXVSLFLRQ´ LV DVVHVVHG pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 5K2.0; and that a physical disability, ZLWKUHIHUHQFHWRWKHWRWDOLW\RIWKHUHOHYDQWFLUFXPVWDQFHV in that he had only one kidney, half of which had been removed after a bullet injury, made him subject to abuse in a ³µ3UREDEOH FDXVH¶ GHQRWHV µIDFWV DQG FLUFXPVWDQFHV ZLWKLQ WKH RIILFHU¶V NQRZOHGJH WKDW DUH VXIILFLHQW WR ZDUUDQW D SUXGHQW SHUVRQ RU RQH RI UHDVRQDEOH FDXWLRQ LQ EHOLHYLQJ LQ WKH FLUFXPVWDQFHV VKRZQ WKDW WKH +HUQDQGH]¶V RIIHQVH OHYHO FRXSOHG ZLWK KLV FULPLQDO KLVWRU\ VXVSHFW KDV FRPPLWWHG LV FRPPLWWLQJ RU LV DERXW WR FRPPLW DQ RIIHQVH¶´ FDWHJRU\ ,,, \LHOGHG D JXLGHOLQHV LPSULVRQPHQW UDQJH RI WR 3DLQWHU Y 5REHUWVRQ )G WK &LU FLWDWLRQV PRQWKV 866* &KDS 3W $ RPLWWHG ,Q RUGHU IRU WKH WULDO FRXUW WR JUDQW .H\ WKH GRZQZDUG GHSDUWXUH RI ³7KH KLVWRULFDO IDFWV DQG FLUFXPVWDQFHV SHUWLQHQW WR WKH µUHDVRQDEOH 866* 'E LW UXOHG WKDW WKH ILUHDUP IRU ZKLFK .H\ ZDV VXVSLFLRQ¶ LQTXLU\ SRVH SXUH IDFWXDO LVVXHV ZKHUHDV WKH XOWLPDWH DVVHVVHG D WZROHYHO HQKDQFHPHQW XQGHU 866* 'E ZDV QRW µUHDVRQDEOH VXVSLFLRQ¶ TXHU\ FRQVWLWXWHV D PL[HG LVVXH RI ODZ DQG IDFW´ SUHVHQW DW WKH FULPLQDO WUDQVDFWLRQ IRU SXUSRVHV RI 866* 'E 3DLQWHU Y 5REHUWVRQ )G WK &LU FLWDWLRQV 7KH JRYHUQPHQW GLG QRW REMHFW WR RU DSSHDO WKLV WZROHYHO UHGXFWLRQ XQGHU RPLWWHG 0L[HG ODZ DQG IDFW FRQFOXVLRQV DUH VFUXWLQL]HG GH QRYR 3DXO 866* 'E 5HYHUH /LIH ,QV &R Y %URFN )G WK &LU 8QLWHG6WDWHVY 1RV 1RV 8QLWHG6WDWHVY 6DXFHGRHWDO 6DXFHGRHWDO GLVWDQFH FRXULHU 6DXFHGR NQRZLQJO\ FRQWULEXWHG D YLWDO prison environment, which he also asserted as a basis for a VHUYLFH WR WKH GLVWULEXWLRQ FDUWHO ZLWK UHVSHFW WR WKH IRXU downward departure under U.S.S.G. § 5K2.0. NLORJUDPVRIFRFDLQHZKLFKKHWUDQVSRUWHG%HFDXVH6DXFHGR IDLOHGWRFDUU\KLVEXUGHQRISURYLQJWKHDOOHJHGPLWLJDWLQJ :KLOHWKHFRXUWUXOHGWKDWQRQHRI.H\¶VDVVHUWHGEDVHVIRU IDFWRUE\DSUHSRQGHUDQFHRIWKHHYLGHQFH8QLWHG6WDWHVY DGRZQZDUGGHSDUWXUH³VWDQGLQJDORQH´ZHUHVXIILFLHQWWR /OR\G )G WK &LU QR FOHDU HUURU PHULWVHQWHQFLQJOHQLHQF\LWGHFLGHGRYHUWKHJRYHUQPHQW¶V WDLQWHG WKRVH ILQGLQJV 6HH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV Y :LOOLDPV REMHFWLRQWKDWWKHFROOHFWLYHFRQGLWLRQVSURYLGHGDEDVLVIRU )GWK&LU0DQLIHVWO\6DXFHGRZDVQRW GHSDUWLQJIURPWKH*XLGHOLQHVThe district court thereupon D³PLQLPDO´RUD³PLQRU´SDUWLFLSDQWLQWKHWUDIILFNLQJRIWKH departed downward from the minimum guideline range of 97 IRXU NLORJUDPV RI FRFDLQH IRU ZKLFK KH ZDV VHQWHQFHG months to impose a sentence of 84 months, followed by a 8QLWHG6WDWHVY5RSHU)GWK&LUFHUW four-year period of supervised release2Q0DUFK GHQLHG868QLWHG6WDWHVY1HDO)G WKHJRYHUQPHQWILOHGLWVWLPHO\DSSHDO 7DEOH :/ DW WK &LU SHU FXULDPFHUWGHQLHG6&W 2Q2FWREHU6DXFHGRREMHFWHGLQZULWLQJWRWKH ³UHOHYDQW FRQGXFW´ FRFDLQH 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Document Info
Docket Number: 99-5325
Filed Date: 9/12/2000
Precedential Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 9/22/2015