C. Smith v. PA DOC and PA BPP ( 2016 )

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
Carlos Smith, :
Petitioner :
:
v. : No. 992 C.D. 2015
: Submitted: April 15, 2016
The Pennsylvania Department of :
Corrections and The Pennsylvania :
Board of Probation and Parole, :
Respondents :
BEFORE: HONORABLE P. KEVIN BROBSON, Judge
HONORABLE PATRICIA A. McCULLOUGH, Judge
HONORABLE DAN PELLEGRINI, Senior Judge
OPINION NOT REPORTED
MEMORANDUM OPINION
BY JUDGE BROBSON FILED: July 11, 2016
Petitioner Carlos Smith (Smith) petitions for review of an order of the
Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole (Board). The Board denied Smith’s
administrative appeal of the Board’s December 11, 2014 order, which formally
recommitted Smith as a convicted parole violator and recalculated his maximum
release date. Smith’s counsel, Richard B. Henry, Esquire (Counsel), filed a
petition for leave to withdraw as counsel and an “Anders Brief.” Counsel asserts
that Smith’s petition for review is frivolous and/or lacking in merit.1 We deny
1
Counsel included a request for a stay pending the resolution of his petition for leave to
withdraw. Because we believe that it is unnecessary for the orderly disposition of the petition to
withdraw and the petition for review to enter a stay in this matter, we will deny that request.
Counsel’s request for leave to withdraw as counsel, but will provide Counsel with
an opportunity to submit an amended request for leave to withdraw.2
When no constitutional right to counsel is involved in a probation and
parole case, an attorney seeking to withdraw from representing a prisoner may file
a no-merit letter, as compared to an Anders brief.3 In Hughes v. Pennsylvania
Board of Probation and Parole, 977 A.2d 19 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2009), this Court held
that a constitutional right to counsel in a parole and probation matter arises only
when the prisoner’s case includes:
[a] colorable claim (i) that he has not committed the
alleged violation of the conditions upon which he is at
liberty; or (ii) that, even if the violation is a matter of
public record or is uncontested, there are substantial
reasons which justified or mitigated the violation and
make revocation inappropriate, and that the reasons are
complex or otherwise difficult to develop or present.
2
Because we are denying Counsel’s petition, but permitting him to file an amended
no-merit letter, we will not provide a recitation of the facts involved in this matter, other than to
note generally that Smith was on parole when he was arrested and charged with new crimes in
October 2012. The Board lodged a warrant to commit and detain Smith at that time. Smith did
not post bail on the new criminal charges.
3
In Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967), the United States Supreme Court held
that, in order for a criminal defendant’s counsel to withdraw from representing his client in an
appeal, the counsel must assert that the case is completely frivolous, as compared to presenting
an absence of merit. An appeal is completely or “wholly” frivolous when there are no factual or
legal justifications that support the appeal. Craig v. Pennsylvania Bd. of Prob. and
Parole, 502 A.2d 758, 761 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1985). However, in Commonwealth v.
Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), our Supreme Court held that in matters that are collateral to an
underlying criminal proceeding, such as parole matters, a counsel seeking to withdraw from his
representation of a client may file a “no-merit” letter that includes information describing the
extent and nature of the counsel’s review, listing the issues the client wants to raise, and
informing the Court of the reasons why counsel believes the issues have no merit.
2
Hughes, 977 A.2d at 25-26 (quoting Gagnon v. Scarpelli, 411 U.S. 778 (1973)).
The record in this matter contains no suggestion by Smith that he did not commit
the crime for which he received a new criminal conviction, nor does Smith suggest
any reasons constituting justification or mitigation for his new criminal conviction.
Thus, Smith only has a statutory right to counsel under Section 6(a)(10) of the
Public Defender Act, Act of December 2, 1968, P.L. 1144, as amended, 16 P.S.
§ 9960.6(a)(10). Counsel, therefore, could have simply filed a no-merit letter in
seeking to withdraw his representation of Smith, but we may nevertheless proceed
to consider his request to withdraw as counsel based upon his evaluation of the
merits of Smith’s appeal, as set forth in his brief as if he had simply filed a
no-merit letter.
In order to satisfy the procedural requirements associated with
no-merit letters, counsel must: (1) notify the parolee that he has submitted to the
Court a request to withdraw; (2) provide the parolee with a copy of counsel’s
no-merit letter; and (3) advise the parolee that he has the right to obtain new
counsel and to submit to the Court a brief of his own, raising any arguments that he
may believe are meritorious.4 Reavis v. Pennsylvania Bd. of Prob. and
Parole, 909 A.2d 28, 33 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2006). In seeking to withdraw, this Court
has consistently required an attorney to include the following descriptive
information in a no-merit letter: (1) the nature and extent of counsel’s review of
the case; (2) the issues the parolee wants to raise; and (3) the analysis counsel used
4
Counsel served Smith with his petition for leave to withdraw and his brief. In a letter
addressed to Smith, Counsel advised Smith of his right to retain counsel and to file a brief on his
own behalf. Thus, Counsel has complied with these requirements.
3
in reaching his conclusion that the issues are meritless. Zerby v. Shanon,
964 A.2d 956, 961 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2009).
Therefore, before we may consider whether Smith’s appeal has no
merit and proceed to make an independent review of the merits of the case, we
must first evaluate Counsel’s brief (as a “no-merit” letter) to determine whether it
complies with the requirements for withdrawal applications. Counsel’s brief
includes a brief summary of Smith’s parole and his history of convictions
following the grant of parole. With regard to the issues Smith has raised, we note
that Smith asserted in both his administrative appeal and his petition for review
that the Board’s controlling statutory and regulatory provisions, as applied, result
in a violation of his constitutional rights and improperly alter the sentences that
were imposed upon him for his convictions. The Board did not address the
constitutional claims in its decision.
Counsel, however, essentially only argues that the Board’s
determination is supported by its governing statutory provisions. Counsel does not
address the constitutional issues Smith raised. Additionally, Smith raised specific
claims regarding a period of five months during which he was held pursuant to the
Board’s detainer and for which the Board did not allocate credit to Smith’s original
sentence. The record makes clear that Smith did not post bail, which may support
the Board’s decision to deny credit for that period, but Counsel must provide
factual details and legal discussion on such issues, even if the reason that supports
the Board’s decision is widely known and patently obvious. This type of
explanation and/or discussion assists the Court in its evaluation of the merit (or
lack thereof) of Smith’s claims regarding discrete time periods. Although all of
these issues may ultimately prove to lack merit of any kind, in order to satisfy the
4
requirements set forth in Zerby, Counsel was required to address those issues.
Consequently, we will deny Counsel’s petition for leave to withdraw as counsel.
Counsel has two options. Counsel may file an amended no-merit letter that
addresses and analyzes all of the issues Smith has raised, including the
constitutional issues. Alternatively, Counsel may submit a brief on the merits of
the petition for review.5
Accordingly, we deny Counsel’s petition for leave to withdraw.
P. KEVIN BROBSON, Judge
5
We also note that after Counsel served Smith with notice that he was seeking leave to
withdraw as counsel, Smith filed a brief on the merits and the Board filed a brief in response to
Smith’s brief. This Court issued an order directing that the Court would address the merits as
well as the leave petition for to withdraw. Because we have concluded that Counsel did not
satisfy the requirements for withdrawing as counsel, we do not yet reach the merits of the matter.
5
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
Carlos Smith, :
Petitioner :
:
v. : No. 992 C.D. 2015
:
The Pennsylvania Department of :
Corrections and The Pennsylvania :
Board of Probation and Parole, :
Respondents :
ORDER
AND NOW, this 11th day of July, 2016, the petition for leave to
withdraw as counsel, filed by Richard B. Henry, Esquire (Counsel), is DENIED.
Counsel’s request for a stay, contained within the petition for leave to withdraw, is
similarly DENIED. Counsel shall submit either an amended no-merit letter or a
brief on the merits of the petition for review filed by Petitioner Carlos Smith within
thirty days of the date of this order. If Counsel submits an amended no-merit
letter, the Court will again address that request along with the merits of the petition
for review. If Counsel submits a brief on the merits, Petitioner’s pro se brief shall
be deemed stricken and Respondents may submit a revised brief, at their
discretion, but must do so within thirty days of the date Counsel files a brief on the
merits.
P. KEVIN BROBSON, Judge