Chol A. Ajak v. State ( 2014 )

In The
Court of Appeals
Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo
No. 07-14-00093-CR
CHOL A. AJAK, APPELLANT
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE
On Appeal from the 46th District Court
Hardeman County, Texas
Trial Court No. 4221, Honorable Dan Mike Bird, Presiding
August 6, 2014
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Before CAMPBELL and HANCOCK and PIRTLE, JJ.
Appellant, Chol A. Ajak, appeals the trial court’s judgment in which the trial court
revoked his community supervision and sentenced appellant to five years’ imprisonment
for the third-degree felony offense of driving while intoxicated, it being his third or
greater offense.1 On appeal, he contends that the five-year sentence imposed was
disproportionate to the offense. We will affirm.
1
See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. §§ 49.04(a), 49.09(b)(2) (West Supp. 2014).
Factual and Procedural History
In November 2012, pursuant to a plea bargain, appellant pleaded guilty to
charges of a third or greater offense of driving while intoxicated in trial court cause
number 4221. In exchange for his plea of guilty, appellant was placed on community
supervision for a period of five years. As part of that arrangement, he was subject to a
number of terms and conditions, one of which was Condition No. 3 that appellant
“[c]ommit no offense against the laws of this State or any other State or the United
States.” When, in July 2013, appellant was arrested for yet another subsequent offense
of driving while intoxicated and also for driving on an expired license, the State moved
to revoke appellant’s community supervision imposed as punishment for the 2012 DWI
conviction based on his violations of Condition No. 3 by committing the named offenses.
The State also alleged that appellant failed to pay his fine, court costs, restitution, and
monthly probation service fee such that he was delinquent in the amount of $581.92.
Appellant pleaded true to those allegations. The trial court found the State’s first
two allegations that appellant committed criminal offenses to be true, revoked
appellant’s community supervision, and sentenced appellant to five years’
imprisonment. Appellant appeals, contending that the five-year sentence is
disproportionate punishment for the offense committed.
Applicable Law and Analysis
To preserve for appellate review a complaint that a sentence is grossly
disproportionate, constituting cruel and unusual punishment, a defendant must present
to the trial court a timely request, objection, or motion stating the specific grounds for
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the ruling desired. Kim v. State, 283 S.W.3d 473, 475 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2009,
pet. ref’d) (citing TEX. R. APP. P. 33.1). Error may also be preserved for a
disproportionate sentencing allegation by filing and presenting a motion for new trial
raising the issue. See Richardson v. State, 328 S.W.3d 61, 72 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth
2010, pet. ref’d) (per curiam). In the absence of preservation by either method,
appellant loses the right to complain about the proportionality of the sentence on
appeal. See Malone v. State, 163 S.W.3d 785, 803 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2005, pet.
ref’d); see also Curry v. State, 910 S.W.2d 490, 497 (Tex. Crim. App. 1995) (en banc)
(holding defendant failed to preserve cruel and unusual punishment claim when he
urged no objection in trial court); Ham v. State, 355 S.W.3d 819, 825 (Tex. App.—
Amarillo 2011, pet. ref’d) (same).
Here, when the trial court pronounced its sentence, appellant lodged no objection
at all, nothing that could even arguably raise the issue. See Speckman v. State, Nos.
07-13-00232-CR, 07-13-00233-CR, 2014 Tex. App. LEXIS 5615, at *6–7 (Tex. App.—
Amarillo May 23, 2014, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication). Further, we
note that appellant did file a motion for new trial, but, in it, he failed to raise the issue of
a disproportionate sentence. That being so, we see no place in the record where it
could be said that appellant has preserved this issue for our review. Consequently, we
overrule appellant’s point of error.2
2
The Texas Code of Criminal Procedure authorizes the trial court, upon revocation of probation,
to impose the punishment originally assessed, as if there had been no probation, or to reduce the term of
confinement originally assessed to any term not less than the minimum prescribed for the offense at
issue. See TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 42.12, § 23(a) (West Supp. 2014); Sanchez v. State, 989
S.W.2d 409, 410–11 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1999, no pet.). With that, when appellant’s community
supervision was revoked, he was subject to the full range of punishment for the charged offense. Here, a
third or greater offense of DWI is a third-degree felony and is punishable by a term of imprisonment not
3
Modification
Before we dispose of this appeal, however, we call attention to the fact that the
trial court’s judgment in the record before us reflects that appellant was convicted under
Section 49.05 of the Texas Penal Code, which criminalizes flying while intoxicated. See
TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 49.05 (West 2011). Plainly, this is a clerical error in that the
remainder of the clerk’s and reporter’s records indicates clearly that appellant was
charged with and convicted of driving—rather than flying—while intoxicated. The proper
provisions criminalizing such conduct and enhancing the penalty for repeated conduct
are Sections 49.04 and 49.09. See id. §§ 49.04, 49.09. This Court has the authority to
modify the judgment to make the record speak the truth when the matter has been
called to our attention from any source. French v. State, 830 S.W.2d 607, 609 (Tex.
Crim. App. 1992) (en banc); see TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(b). An appellate court may correct
the judgment on appeal when it has the necessary data and evidence before it for doing
so. See Banks v. State, 708 S.W.2d 460, 462 (Tex. Crim. App. 1986). Therefore, we
hereby modify the trial court’s judgment of conviction to delete the reference to Section
49.05 and, in its stead, reflect that appellant was convicted of a third or greater offense
of driving while intoxicated in violation of Sections 49.04 and 49.09 of the Texas Penal
Code.
_________________________
more than ten years or less than two years and a fine not to exceed $10,000. See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN.
§ 12.34 (West 2011). The five-year sentence imposed by the trial court falls within the statutorily
prescribed range of punishment for that offense, meaning that, traditionally, this sentence is not excessive
cruel, or unusual. See, e.g., Darden v. State, 430 S.W.2d 494, 496 (Tex. Crim. App. 1968). Nothing
would suggest that the sentence within the statutory range would otherwise run afoul of the Eighth
Amendment in that the record fails to raise the inference that the five-year sentence imposed was a
grossly disproportionate sentence for a third or greater offense of driving while intoxicated. See
Speckman, 2014 Tex. App. LEXIS 5615, at *8–9.
4
Conclusion
Having overruled the sole issue that appellant has presented to us on appeal and
modified the judgment to reflect the proper Texas Penal Code provisions at issue, we
affirm the trial court’s judgment of conviction as modified. See TEX. R. APP. P. 43.2(b).
Mackey K. Hancock
Justice
Do not publish.
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