william-r-mclenagan-v-john-c-karnes-richmond-police-officer-and-marty , 27 F.3d 1002 ( 1994 )
Graham v. Connor , 109 S. Ct. 1865 ( 1989 )
Swann v. City of Richmond , 498 F. Supp. 2d 847 ( 2007 )