United States v. Geraldo Gomez , 160 F. App'x 898 ( 2005 )

[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT FILED
________________________ U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
No. 05-12475 DECEMBER 22, 2005
Non-Argument Calendar THOMAS K. KAHN
________________________ CLERK
D. C. Docket No. 04-20482-CR-JEM
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
versus
GERALDO GOMEZ,
Defendant-Appellant.
________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Florida
_________________________
(December 22, 2005)
Before DUBINA, HULL and MARCUS, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Geraldo Gomez appeals his conviction, pursuant to a jury verdict, for
possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, in violation of 18 U.S.C.
§§ 922(g)(1), 924(e). The sole issue on appeal is whether the evidence submitted
at trial was sufficient to establish his knowing possession of a firearm. After
careful review, we affirm.
We usually review the sufficiency of the evidence to support a conviction de
novo, resolving all reasonable inferences from the evidence in favor of the jury’s
verdict. See United States v. Rudisill, 187 F.3d 1260, 1267 (11th Cir. 1999).
However, because Gomez did not challenge the sufficiency of the evidence in the
district court, by moving for a judgment of acquittal at the close of the evidence,
we would reverse on the basis of insufficiency of the evidence “‘only to prevent a
manifest miscarriage of justice.’” United States v. Burston, 159 F.3d 1328, 1332
n.5 (11th Cir. 1998) (quoting United States v. Hamblin, 911 F.2d 551, 556-57
(11th Cir. 1990)).
To establish a violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), the government must
establish: (1) that the defendant was a convicted felon; (2) that the defendant knew
he was in possession of a firearm; and (3) that the firearm affected or was in
interstate commerce. See United States v. Wright, 392 F.3d 1269, 1273 (11th Cir.
2004), cert. denied 125 S. Ct. 1751 (2005). Gomez challenges the government’s
evidence on only the second element, arguing that he did not knowingly possess
the firearm.
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“Possession can be shown by circumstantial as well as direct evidence . . .
[and] . . . can be either actual or constructive[.]” United States v. Crawford, 906
F.2d 1531, 1535 (11th Cir. 1990). “A defendant has constructive possession if he
exercises ownership, dominion, or control over the firearm. A defendant also has
constructive possession if he has the power and intention to exercise dominion or
control.” United States v. Gunn, 369 F.3d 1229, 1235 (11th Cir.) (citations
omitted), cert. denied 125 S. Ct. 324 (2004).
At trial, four police detectives unequivocally testified that a firearm was
found on the seat of the vehicle that Gomez was driving (and in which he was the
lone occupant), and that, when he was asked if he had any other weapons, he
responded “no.” The government presented photographic evidence supporting the
officers’ testimony that the weapon was not only on the driver’s seat but was
located in such a way that Gomez was sitting on, or was in direct physical contact
with, the firearm when he was stopped. Simply put, the evidence amply
demonstrated the presence of a firearm, on the driver’s seat of the vehicle that
Gomez was driving, and we cannot say that his conviction is based on a manifest
injustice. Accordingly, we affirm his conviction.
AFFIRMED.
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